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a, an
Do not use a or an before a plural noun.
a crocodiles
Do not use a or an before the name of a
thing that cannot be counted.
a sugar
Use 'an' before a word that starts with a
vowel sound (a,e,i,o,u)
an old woman
Do not use 'an' before a word that begins
with a vowel that makes a 'you' sound. Use
'a' instead.
I am a European.
This is a user-friendly mobile phone.
Use 'an' before a word that start with a silent
'h'.
an hour
an honest boy
an heir
Use 'a' or 'an' when you mention a person or
thing for the first time.
My father is going to buy a new car.
Use 'a' or 'an' to show which country a
person comes from.
I am a Malaysian citizen.
I have an Indonesian friend in Jakarta.

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the
Use 'the' before the name of a thing that
cannot be counted.
a water
the water
Do not use 'the' with plural nouns, if you are
talking about the whole group or class of
something.
The crocodiles are reptiles.
Crocodiles are reptiles.
Use 'the' when people already know exactly
which person or thing you are talking about.
Use 'the' when you refer to something for the
second time.
First, break an egg into a ball. Then, beat
the egg gently with a fork.
Use 'the' with groups that represent a whole
class of people or things.
Robin Hood robbed the rich to give to the
poor.
Use 'the' for only one of its kind.
The moon orbits the Earth in 27.3 days.
Use 'the' before the names of musical
instruments.
Jenny plays the harp.

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Use 'the' before the names of some


countries.
The United States of America
The Bahamas
The United Kingdom
The Netherlands

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Use 'the' before the names of mountain


ranges, rivers, oceans and groups of islands.
The Alps
The Mississippi River
The Pacific Ocean
The South China Sea

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Use 'the' before superlatives.


Siew Lee is the thinnest girl in my class.

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