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OldEssexBoysTechStuff

TOP
IfoundsomeoftheartworkforsomePowerAmpPCB,Iwasmessingaboutwithtomakesometime.
ThePowerAmpcircuitdesignwasbasedonaverybasicampdesign,thatIusedononeofmyearlydiscodecksbackinthe
1970's
Iacutelyfoundanold19inchrackcasethatImade,about25yearsago,withtwoofthesebasicampsin,withtheirpower
supply,andtheystillworked.TheirnotwhatIwouldsayareHIFIbuttheyworkwithareasonablebandwidthupto15Khz,with
50WattsRMS.
(Ithinkthatbylookingattheholesonthebackpaneltherewasgoingtobesixampsinhere,maybehigh,midandlow,each
sideforstereo.)
Therewasevenamultiinputmixerpreampina19inch1Upaneltogowiththis,Godknowswherethatendedup,ifIcan
rememberproperly,ithadacoupleofmicrophoneinputandtwopickupinput,withtonecontrols.
Iknowthisampsystemwasuseafewtimesbyacomedian,ataclubsomewhereinEssex,backinthe1980's.

HotNews

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
***************************************************************************
*I'vebacktrackedthePCBlayoutanddrawnoutthecircuitdiagramforthis
PowerAmpBoard.*
*(9June2011).*
*Thecircuitdiagramislowerdownthispage,andIwillbediscussinga
numberofsimple*
*changestothisboard,toimproveitalittle.*
***************************************************************************

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The19inchrackmountP.A.AmplifierwhichwasbadgeunderTRIQUADElectronics.

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Oneofthepopulatedprintedcircuitboards,noticetheoutputpairandthetemperaturecompensationtransistorinthemiddle,
mountedontheheatsink,thesmallvariableresistorisforadjustingthebiasvoltageacrossthetwooutputtransistors.Thetwo
smallermetalcanmediumpowerdrivertransistor,haveasmallcliponheatsink.Asthecircuitworksonasinglesupplyvoltageof
about55VoltsDC,theneedforthebigoutputcapacitorisnicelymounteddownthemiddleoftheboard.
Theothertwosmallplasticsignaltransistorsactastheinputcircuitandthevoltagegainstages,toproducethe23.5voltpeak(or
47voltpeaktopeaksignal)fromaninputsignalofabout1volt.

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Mydigitalscope,showingtheoutputwaveform,witha800mvpkinputat1.5Khz,displayedonthescopeinred(whichis
terribletosee),theoutputisinyellow(amuchbettercolourtosee.)thiswasjustbeforeitsmaxvoltageswing(whereitclips
thepeaks)at47Voltspeaktopeak.
Thisisthemathsbithalfsig=23.5
Volts^2=552.25(voltssqurared)\
watts==Dividedby>=69.03125Wattspeak,thendivideby1.414toget
RMSwhich=48.81984Watts
ohms=8(8ohmspeaker)/
Whichisnotbadforalittleboardwhichmustofcostmeaboutatenner10.00or$15.00.themostexpensiveitemmustof
beenthetransformer.

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Theprintedcircuitboardwasahomeetchedone,theheatsinkisapieceofLanglealuminium.

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Thisisatidyviewofmyworkbench,withtheampundertest.

MK2board50wattsRMS
I'vcomeacrossthisVisiodrawingofwhatIthinkisanupratedversionofmybasicpowerampbuticannotfindthecircuit
diagram.

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12June2011I'vejustredrawnthecircuitdiagramfortheabovePCBlayoutBd.andIfoundthatoneofthediodesonthelayout
was,thewrongwayaround.IjustneedtomakethePCBnowandtryitout.

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Somedifferentlayoutsthesemustbeforapairofdarlingtonoutputtransistors(adarlingtonisasingledevicethathastwo
transistorsinsideonebeingthedriverandtheotherapoweroutputinanemitterfollowerconfigurationietheemitterofthe
driverdirectlyfedtothebaseoftheoutputpowertransistor)

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Theselooklikeaboardlayoutforsomehighpowerampsstillbasedonthebasicpowerampdesign.

Therewillbesomepowerampsofhifispecstocomesoon.AllI'vegottodonowistobackengineer,theabovePCBlayouts,to
comebackwiththecircuitdiagram's.

HotNews

Ididabitofreverseengineering,onthe50WattpowerAmpboard,andIcamebackwiththislittlecircuit.Itmaylookstrange
andverysimpletosomeHiFiexperts,butitworksIdon'tthinkyoucantakeitanyhigherthan50watt/55voltpowerline
swingthough.Ithinkyoucouldincreasethefrequencytopendfrom1520Khzupabitmorebyemploying,somefrequency
compensation,inthenegfeedbacknetwork,andincreasethe10uFcapsupto47uForeven220uF.Itworthatry?
Thecentrepot(Variableresister)isa2Kminitrimmer,thisneedstobeadjustedsoyouget2.8voltsacrossthebaseofTR4and
theBaseofTR5,thiswillforwardbiastheoutputstagejustenoughtostoptransistorcrossoverdistortion,whentheoutput
transistorswitchon,oneverhalfcycle.
N.B.TR3shouldbeheatbonded,ontothesameheatsinkasthetwomainoutputtransistor,thisisforheatfeedbacktostop
thermalrunaway.Thiswilltrundowntheoutputtransistorthehottertheyget,astheheatturnsTR3onmorethusreducing
thebiasingvoltagesoturningthedrivertransistordown.

Backtotop

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NB:justcheckmadebdandIgotthevalueofthesmallceramiccapacrossthebase/collectorofTR2itshouldbe33pF,I
thoroughitwasabithighvalue.thiscapactsasinternalcircuitlocalvoltagestageNFB,thisstoposcillationandrfnoise.
Thiscircuitshowsthecomponentsthatneedtobeaddandorchanged,
NFBarethenegativefeedbackadditionstoincreasetheupperfrequencyresponse.
NFBCxwillreducetheresistanceataround15Khzasthegainiscalculatedbythe56kresisterdividedbythe1k2resisterwithout
thecapacitorsitgivesacircuitgainofabout48,butwiththecapCxreducingitimpedancewithfrequency,itreaches1k2at
about15Khzwhichwillstartincreasingthegainaswithalowvaluetodivide56Kwithwillgetahighersignalgain.ifdoneaquick
calcofCxanditcameoutataround8.8nfyoucouldusea6.8nFupto10nF
NFBCywillkickinatabout50Khz,tostopthegainandphaseshiftfromtakingthecircuitintooscillation.IcalcCytoabout2.6nF
trya2.2nF
TheElec47uFcapacrossthetrbiascirciut,justactsasasignalbypasstotheDCbiasing.Andtheadditionofthe100nFcapon
thesupplyrail,justactstoreduceanylocalrfnoiseonthesupplyrails.
Themaths
111
Capimpedance=orCap===0.000000008832=8.8nF
2pixfrequancyxCapacitance2pixfrequancyxresistance(2x3.145)x
15Khzx1200
11June2011

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BeforeImadeanychanges,IthoughtIwouldgiveitatryconnectedtoaMP3playerandconnectedtoa6inch8ohm200Watt
speaker.
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Thesoundqualitysuprisedme,Itwasquitgood,itwasgoodenoughfordiscowork.Asyoucanseefromthescopeimage
below.

Thiswasacapturedpart,ofthemusicwaveform,theinputisinred(topwaveform),thesettingswas200mVperdivgivingai/p
ofabout820mvpktopk.
ThelowerYellowwaveformistheoutput,thesettingis5vperdivgivingao/pofabout20Voltspktopk.Asyoucanseethere
islittledifferenceinthetwowaveforms,theyareinphasewithnophaseshift.
Ialsoconnectedittothesignalgenerator,tofindthefrequencyweretheoutputdroppedtohalfthevalue,withthesamei/p
levelat1.5Khz.Iwassuprisedtofindatthe6dblevelwasatabout60Khzfromtheunchangedcircuit.Thatlittle10.00board
supprisedmeithasquitalotofpunchper1compaerdtotheprofessionalboughtampsIhaveofabout250.

Backtotop
MK2board50wattsRMS

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RedrawcircuitdiagramofMk250WRMSboard,withadditions/changesinRed.Ineedtoredothetransparncyartworkfor
boardetchingtotakeinaccountthechanges.

HotNewsDated6thJuly2011(errorinabovecircuitSorry).
ThecollectorofTR2shouldnotgodirectlytothebaseofTR3,asthereturnedNFBwillbethewrongphasethusgivingPositive
feedbacknotnegative,socircuitwouldtrytoOscillate.
Thereshouldbeanothertransistorinbetween.AmendedcircuitandPCBtrackworktofollowshortly.

ThetrackartworkforMk350wattpowerampboard.Withchangesimplemented.
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TheCircuitdiagramforMk350wattpowerampboard.Withchangesimplemented.

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TheCircuitdiagramforMk3500wattpowerampboard.Withchangesimplemented.

NOTE:theoutputpowertransistors,aredarlingtons.
ThetopfourNPN's(Tr9(ad))couldbeTIP142eachbeingVceo100volts,Ic10Amps,125Watts,hfe5001000
TheBottomfourPNP's(Tr10(ad))couldbeTIP147eachbeingVceo100volts,Ic10Amps,125Watts,hfe5001000
Thiswillgiveanoutputciruitthatcancopewithanoutputswingof200volts,and20Amps
withthe+80Volt,0volt,80voltsupplyweget:
witha8Ohmloadspeaker,80squ'd=6400/8ohm=800wattspkgiving10Amps(565.6WattsRMS)
witha4Ohmloadspeaker,80squ'd=6400/4ohm=1600wattspkgiving20Amps(1131.2WattsRMS)
butyouwillnotgetthefullsupplyswing,butitbesttocalculatetheMAX.
Youmayonlyget75voltsontheoutputbutthatwillbeOKay.
Thatgives703.125Wattspkwith8ohmload(497.1wattsRMS)
or
Thatgives1406.25Wattspkwith4ohmload(994.22wattsRMS)

Tocopewiththe20AmpsthereneedstobesomechangestotheprotectionResistancenetwork.
TheoutputWirewound0.33ohmsdroppedto0.1ohmswhichgive2voltsacrossit,sothe5k6needstobeabout13Kohms.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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