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AE8129 Rocket Propulsion

PROBLEM #19

PerformadesignpointcycleanalysisforanonafterburningramjetengineatitscruiseMachnumberof
2.8andaltitudeof12200m.Withrespecttotheanalysis,simplyremovethecompressorandturbine
sectionsfromtheturbojetenginecycle,andassumeidealisentropiccompressionfortheintake.Inthis
case,aprecooleraheadofthecombustorlowersthegastemperatureoftheairenteringthecombustor
by200K(i.e.,theprecoolerremovesheatfromthecompressedairassumeaconstantpressure
process).Takenoteofthefollowingdesignparameters:

diffuser,0d=0.95,(d=1.4;Cpenteringburner=1062J/kgK
precoolerbeforeenteringburnerlowersgastemperatureby200K
burner,0b=0.98,(b=1.35,Bb=0.94,qR=45MJ/kgoffuel,Tmax=2500K
nozzle,0n=0.98,(n=1.36

AscertainthespecificthrustandTSFC.ComparethesevaluestothatseenfortheRJofProblem#13.3in
book(same,exceptdidnotuseaprecooler).Note:thefullyexpandednozzlesolution(unchokedcase
forTJcycleanalysis)islikelymoreapplicableifonewereusingaCD(convergentdivergent)nozzlethatis
wellmatchedwiththeoutsideairpressureatcruise.RamjetsusuallyemployaCDnozzle.

PROBLEM #19 (for book) Solution

Lookingataramjetengine,ataflightMachno.Ma4of2.8,at12200maltitude(p4=18.75kPa,T4=
216.7K,D4=0.30kg/m3).

Startingfromintake(diffuser):

T02 T [1

d 1
2

Ma 2 ] =216.7[1+0.2(2.82)]=556K,atdiffuseroutlet
d

p 02

T
p [1 d ( 02 1)] d 1 =18.75[1+0.97(556/216.71)]3.5=455.2kPa,atdiffuser
T

outlet

Nomechanicalcompressor,constpress.precoolerinstead,sop03=p02=455.2kPa;precoolerheat
removal,T03=T02200=556200=356K.
Movingthroughcombustor(burner):

C p ,b

C p ,c C p ,b ,exit
2

b Rair
=1.35(287)/(1.351)=1107J/kg@K,sothatatburnerexit:
b 1

C p ,b ,exit 2C p ,b C p ,b ,in 2(1107)1062=1152J/kg@K.

T04 Tmax =2500K, p 04 b p 03 0.94(455.2)=427.9kPa,atburnerexit.

T04 C p ,b ,in

T03 C p ,b ,exit

b qR
C p ,b ,exit T03

T04
T03

2500 1062

356 1152
=0.0594,fuelairratio(vs.0.054,noprecooling)

1.0( 45 10 6 ) 2500

1152( 356 )
356

Noturbinesectioninramjetengine,andnoafterburnerinthiscase:
T06=T05=T04=2500K,andp06=p05=p04=427.9kPa.Now,assumeoneisapproachingsubsonic
convergingnozzleexit(ornozzlethroat,ifaconvergingdivergingsupersonicnozzle),needtocheckfor
choking(attainingsonicflow):
n

1 n 1
p
p 06 427.9

22.8 andchokingcriterion ( n
)
=1.87< 06 ,sonozzleflowischoked.
p
p 18.75
2
C p ,n

n Rair
1084J/kg@K.
n 1

Ve 2 n C p ,nT06 [

n 1
] 2(0.98)1084(2500)[0.36 / 2.36] =900m/s(note:1730m/s,ifallowed
n 1

tofullyexpandtolocalatmosphericpressure).

T7

2
T06 =2/2.36@2500=2119K,exitnozzlestatictemperatureatsonicflowcondition.
n 1
n

T
2 n 1
p 7 p 06 [ 7 ] n 1 p06 [
] =427.9[2/2.36]3.778=229kPa=pe>p4.Forchokedflow,
n 1
T06
Ae
1
1 0.5 RT06
2.36 2.778
2.36
287(2500)
]
] [
]0.5
[ n ] n 1 [ n
[

m
2
2 n RT06
p 06
2
2(1.36)287(2500)
427900
1

0.00292m2s/kg.

V a Ma air Rair T Ma =295(2.8)=826m/s.Forspecificthrust,


A
F
(1 f )Ve V e ( p e p )(1 f )
m a
m
=(1+0.0594)900826+0.00292(22900018750)(1.0594)
=778N@s/kgor0.778kN@s/kg(ifhadbeenfullyexpanded,1.007kN@s/kg),vs.

0.547forfullyexpandedRJofProb.#13.1,and0.997forfullyexpandedRJof#13.3.

TSFC

m f
F

f
=0.0594/778=7.64H105kg/s@Nor0.275kg/hr@Nor2.70lb/hr@lb,
F
m a

vs.1.74lb/hr@lbforfullyexpandedRJofProb.#13.1,and1.91lb/hrlbforfully
expandedcaseof#13.3.

Fullyexpanded,TSFC=0.0594/1007=5.90105kg/s@Nor0.212kg/hr@Nor2.083lb/hr@lb.

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