CHEM 109

Introduction to Chemistry
Fall 2009 Name:

Examination 4

Multiple Choice Questions

1. As we have seen, the Hydrogen Spectrum contains three visible spectral lines; red,
blue/green, and violet.

Arrange these spectral lines according to decreasing energy of their photons.

a) red < violet < blue Red ~ Long Wavelength ~ Low Energy
b) violet < blue < red
c) blue < red < violet Blue ~ Short Wavelegnth ~ High Energy
d) red < blue < violet *****

2. The above spectral lines give us information about the:

a) relative energy of the atomic nucleus.

b) orbit of the nucleus.
c) spin of the electron.
d) relative energy of the electron's orbitals. *****

3. How many atomic quantum states are required to explain a given spectral line?

a) 1
b) 2 *****
c) 3
d) 4
4. How many spin quantum states are available to an electron?

a) 1
b) 2 ***** Spin Up and Spin Down
c) 3
d) 4

5. Orbitals can be thought of as describing:

a) the orbit an electron executes about the atom’s nucleus.

b) the boundary of the atom’s nucleus.
c) an electron’s standing wave. *****

6. How many total orbitals are in the f subshell?

a) 3
b) 5
c) 7 *****
d) 9

7. Which of the following correctly represents the configuration of the 3p electrons in

Phosphorus (P)?

a)

b)

**** c)

8. What is the maximum number of electrons that can be placed in the d orbitals in a given
Principle Quantum level?

a) 4
b) 6
c) 8
d) 10 ***** 5 obitals with 2 electrons each
9. The Pauli Exclusion Principle limits the number of electrons that can occupy an orbital to:

a) 1
b) 2 ***** One must be spin “up” and the other spin “down”
c) 3
d) 4

10. To which orbital block of the Periodic Table does the element Tin (Sn) belong?

a) s block
b) p block *****
c) d block
d) f block

11. Which element represents the point in the Periodic Table that the 6p subshell begins
filling?

a) Sc
b) Ga
c) Tl *****
d) Y

12. Which element is a Period 3 Halogen?

a) Mg
b) Cl *****
c) Ca
d) K

13. How many core electrons does a Chlorine (Cl) atom contain?

a) 4
b) 6
c) 8
d) 10 ***** Core = Neon

14. How many valence electrons does a Chlorine (Cl) atom contain?

a) 3
b) 5
c) 7 *****
d) 9
Short Answer Questions
1. Mercury has three prominent spectral lines; blue, green and yellow-orange. The very
bright green line responsible for the green glow emitted from its discharge tube occurs at
546 nm. What is the energy of these photons?

Needed Constants:
h = 6.626 x 10-34 J sec
c = 3.0 x 108 m/sec

Ephoton = hc/λ

E = (6.626 x 10-34 J sec) (3.0 x 108 m/sec) / (546 x 10-9 m)

= 3.46 x 10-19 J

2. What are some of the problems with the Bohr model of the Hydrogen atom?

1) No explanation for why the orbits are quantized.

2) Does not extend to multi-electron atoms; He, Li, B, etc.

3. Describe how you will determine which orbitals will be filled after the 4f subshell.

5s 5p 5d 5f

4s 4p 4d 4f

3s 3p 3d

2s 2p

1s

5p will occur after the 4f orbitals.

4. Sketch an accurate Energy Diagram for the electron’s in Vanadium (V).

Ordering of the orbitals:

1s2 2s22p6 3s23p6 4s2 3d3
5. Consider the Group 5A elements:

a) Write condensed electron configurations for each of the following:

N = [He] 2s22p3

P = [Ne] 3s23p3

As = [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p3

b) Provide the number of Valence Electrons for each of the following:

N #VE = 5 P #VE = 5 As #VE = 5

c) Provide at least two reasons for grouping these elements into the same Chemical
Group.

1) Same number of valence electrons.

2) Similar chemical and physical properties.

6. Provide Lewis Structures for the following atoms:

Sodium (Na)

1 dot

Aluminum (Al)

3 dots

Phosphorus (P)

5 dots

Argon (Ar)

0 dots or 8 dots