School of Engineering and GCU Built Environment Ganges edema Department of Engineering SESSION: 2015/16 DIET: r Advanced Engineering Mechanics - Structures Level: M Module Code: MMH223669 Module Leader: Professor Martin Macdonald DATE: 14 January 2016 DURATION: 3 Hours TIME: 1400 - 1700 CANDIDATES SHOULD ATTEMPT THREE QUESTIONS All Questions Carry Equal Marks PLEASE READ THE QUESTIONS CAREFULLY MATERIALS TO BE SUPPLIED/ALLOWED: Blank Examination Script (Supplied) Dictionary (Allowed) Calculator (Allowed) WORKHEET Q.1(b) (Supplied over two pages and attached at the end of the examination paper) DATASHEET Q.2 (Attached) WORKHEET Q.2 Gupplied and attached at the end of the examination paper)) DATASHEET Q.3(Attached)Qu ‘A schematic representation of a structural bracket ABCDE is shown in Figure Q.1. A tensile load ‘W is applied through the cable and shackle connection as indicated. This load can operate through an angle @ which varies between 0 and 90 degrees. The structural beam members all have the same plastic moment of resistance (Mp) including at the shackle connection point. The structure is pinned at A and E. (a) Determine the load ‘W’ required for plastic collapse of the structure ABCDE based upon a ‘Compatibility only” (upper bound) collapse mechanism analysis for: 0 =O degrees; ii) —- @ = 90 degrees ili) @ = 45 degrees (17) (b) _ For the condition obtained in (a) above which provides for the lowest collapse load, determine the collapse load “W’ based upon an ‘Equilibrium only” (lower bound) collapse analysis. Use can be made of WORKSHEET Q.1(b) and comment on the result obtained. [8] Beam Physical Data: Plastic modulus S= 2.85 x 10° mm’. Elastic modulus, E = 200GN/m’, Material Yield Strength, Oy , 400 N/mm? 7 m B Shackle connectionQ3 (a) A tubular composite shaft of Carbon fibre-Epoxy resin, with the dimensions as shown in Figure Q43, is to be designed and manufactured, The bending stiffness of the shaft is specified so that a load of 15 KN is to produce an elastic deflection of no more than 2 mm at the midpoint position in three-point bend testing. Table Q.3. shows the o) i Table Q.3 Material tensile properties of the matrix and the fibre. i) Assuming continuous fibres that are oriented +45" to the longitudinal axis of the tube, calculate the minimum fibre volume fraction for the shaft. Ng 110} Due to manufacturing difficulties, it was decided to use short fibre instead of continuous fibre in the above composite. Given that the length efficiency parameter ny is 0.85 for the short fibre and that the alignment is random in- plane, estimate the short fibre volume fraction required for the composite specified in Q.3(a)i) above. Is] Considering a half embedded fibre model, show that the critical fibre length, Jet for maximum stress transfer from matrix to fibre in a discontinuous fibre composite is: avd F [4] Calculate the tensile strength in the axial direction for the short fibre composite tube in Q.3(a)ii) above, given that the fibre diameter and length are 13 jm and 4 ‘mm respectively. The shear strength of the fibre-matrix interface is 10 MNim?. to Tensile Strength ] Epoxy Figure Q.3Q4. There are two proposed designs of yacht mast shown in Figure Q.4(a) and Q.4(b). Each mast is expected to support a design load (torque) of 1.85 KNm over a length of 10 m. (a) Determine for each mast design: i) the shear flow; 14 De ii) the shear stresses inthe walls; 0. * > ili) the twist rate; iy ff fv) theangle oftwist. 6. g [20] (6) Comment on the effect of adding a vertical web into the section to make a two-cell tube as shown in Figure Q.4(b) compared to Q.4(a). 2) (©) Determine which is the most design efficient mast given that the design efficiency may be defined by: Design Efficiency = Note: For comparison purposes the mass maybe calculated as the XSA since both ‘masts are made of the same material ey oe cotin, BI Data: G=79 GPa. Formula: Equation of consistent deformation: 8yqi + Sjiqj + 5jxqu — 2Aj@ = 0 BAN. we 7 a eo Oo) oo Oo o” a @ gto org Figure Q.4 capQs @) ) © ‘The flat circular plate shown in Figure Q.5 has a radius ‘a? and is subjected to ® pressure of q (Nim’) on one side. Considering that the plate is ‘simply- Supported at the outer edges, show that the maximum deflection, w, can be given as: 4 ae* (Stv) wo = ie) Vmax ~ ea (14 vj 115) A flat circular plate of outside diameter 450 mm is used in a processing plant. During service, the plate is subjected to a uniform pressure of 30 kN/m’, The plate is 10 mm thick and assumed to be simply supported around its outside edge. For the plate, E = 27 GNim? and Poisson’s ratio = 0.3, Using the data given, determine: i) the maximum deflection of the plate; (wso~) [4] the magnitude of the maximum radial stress and state the position, Note: that the maximum bending moment for a simply supported circular Gre & Me BI plate is: M, = G+) The yield strength for this material is 200MPa. Comment on the plate thickness. oy 61 Formulae 4 dw) @ ‘The differential equation for circular flat plates is given by: — = ( =| =t ar D ‘The differential equation for circular flat plates is given by: py = ar \" ar ze 12@ - v3) 3° f Vs Figure Q.5 ' « oO i END OF EXAMINATION PAPER whDATASHEET Q.3 FU 48EI 122 (@-4}) Fibre orientation and length correction factors applied to tensile modulus: Ee = MME V+ EV where: ‘nu. length correction factor for ‘short? fibres (nz = 1 if 2> Aeris) nie fibre orientation factor — Orientation me unidirectional 1 biaxial 0.5 445° 04 random (in-plane) 0.375 random (3D) 0.2 Tensile strength of a short fibre composite can be approximated by: Antes Oe =y, +o.Vq A> Agus V, y— fae +0,¥ 2a AK Agus 0, =T AV, +OVy