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Population Policy History in Mexico

In 1930, Mexicos first population policy was created to promote


population growth by encouraging:
Marriage and child bearing
Maternal and child health
Immigration
Repatriation of emigrants

1947 - the population policy was amended to promote even higher


immigration. At that time, Mexicos population was increasing by
approximately half a million people annually.

1950-1970 - During this time period, Mexicos population was


increasing rapidly. The population of Mexico nearly doubled since it was
growing annually at a rate of 3.2%, which at the time was one of the
highest rates in the world.

1960s elites privately funded family planning programs became


increasingly active.

1972 the population had reached 54 million, from 20 million in 1940.


President Echevarria, a traditional pronatalist, announced the creation
of a national family planning program.

1974 the creation of a national population council. The Mexican


government amended the population policy for the second time. The
constitution was amended to ensure the legal equality of men and
women and to enshrine access to family planning as an individual
right. In doing so, Mexico became the second country in the world to
incorporate family planning into its Constitution.

Mid-1979, a survey conducted by the National Fertility Survey


estimates put the population growth rate at 2.9%, within sight of the
2.5% target set for 1982 by new president Lopez Portillo.

The government goal is of a 1% population increase by the year 2000.

SWOT Analysis (Mexico)

Strengths:
The general law of population of 1947 was successful in promoting population growth
that strengthens labor.
In 1972, as planned, the population has reached 54 million from 24 million in 1940.

President Echevarria, announced the creation of a National Family Planning Program,


which led also to the creation of a National Population Council.

Weaknesses:
Smaller families lost traditional values
It does not address one of the biggest issues in Mexico which is
ABORTION.
Mortality rate rapidly dropped during the 1960s

Opportunities:
In 1960s, Elites privately funded family planning programs and became increasingly
active in Mexico.
It emphasized the use of education, information and
communication to build a demographic culture
They created a few institutions that helped enforce this law rural
health program and the Mexican institute of social security.

Threats:
International migration reduced Mexicos local working-age population.

Economy: Philippines vs Mexico

Economic and policy developments

The Philippines remained a strong performer in the region,


despite slow global growth. Coming from a slow start in the first
half (H1) of 2015 due to weak government spending, the economy
bounced back in H2, bringing full year growth to 5.8 percent in 2015.
Among the major economies in the region, the Philippines is behind
China and Vietnam only.

Sustained high non-agricultural growth and effective


government programs are helping to improve the welfare of
the poor. Recent estimates suggest that extreme poverty decreased
gradually between 2012 and 2014. Extreme poverty is estimated to
have decreased from 10.6 percent in 2012 to nine percent in 2014.
After a decrease of only 0.3 percentage points between 2009 and
2012, poverty fell more rapidly between 2012 and 2014, according to
revised purchasing power parity (PPP) estimates. However, high rates
of structural poverty remain, especially among households depending
on agriculture.

Prospects and risks. In the near-term, economic growth is likely to


remain strong and is projected to accelerate to 6.4 percent in 2016
before tempering slightly to 6.2 percent in 2017. Faster growth in 2016
would be driven by favorable domestic factors. Private consumption
would remain robust, aided by low inflation and spillovers from
increased spending due to the upcoming general elections.
Investments will likely support growth as implementation of private
sector, budgeted infrastructure, and public-private partnership (PPP)
projects accelerates.

These growth projections incorporate a number of risks which


have remained kbroadly the same since the October 2015
edition of the Philippine economic update. The key risks are
uneven recovery of high income economies, slower than anticipated
growth of large emerging market economies, financial market
volatilities, slower remittance growth from oil exporting economies, the
continuation of El Nio in H1 2016, delays in PPP projects, and
uncertainty around the outcome of the election.

Inward investment. The Philippines has seen a spate of inward


investment in recent years, with the likes of Tesco, Marks & Spencer
and Debenhams all popping up in Manila. In addition, a number of
multinationals, such HSBC and Shell, have outsourced their back office
and IT operations to the Philippines. "We have the best investment
incentives in the region and a trusted, loyal and educated English-
speaking workforce. India is number one in outsourcing globally, the
Philippines is number two."

References:

Elena Zuniga Herrera, Commission on Population and Development.


Population policy in Mexico and its relationship to development. November 7,
2013.
http://www.un.org/esa/population/meetings/panel_policy_MDG/Zuniga.pdf
Revender Sembhy. How the Philippines is Emerging as a key Asian economy.
June 19, 2015. http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/how-philippines-emerging-key-asian-
economy-1507072

Economy Watch. Philippines Economic Development. June 29, 2010.


http://www.economywatch.com/economic-development/philippines.html

Focus Economics. Philippine Economic Outlook. January 24, 2017.


http://www.focus-economics.com/countries/philippines

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