3/1/2017 Selk'namgenocideWikipedia

Selk'namgenocide
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TheSelk'namgenocidewasthegenocideoftheSelk'nampeople,indigenousinhabitantsofTierradelFuegoin
SouthAmerica,fromthesecondhalfofthe19thtotheearly20thcentury.Spanningaperiodofbetweentenand
fifteenyearstheSelk'nam,whichhadanestimatedpopulationofsomethreethousand,sawtheirnumbersreduced
to500.[1]

Contents
1 History
2 Seealso
3 References
4 Bibliography
5 Furtherreading
6 Externallinks

History
TheSelk'nampeople,alsoknownastheOna(peopleofthenorth),werean
indigenouspeoplewhoinhabitedthenortheasternpartofthearchipelagoofTierra
delFuegoforthousandsofyearsbeforeEuropeansarrived.Theywerenomads
knownas"footpeople,"astheydidtheirhuntingonland,ratherthanbeing
seafarers.

ThelastfullbloodedSelk'nam,ngelaLoij,diedin1974.Theywereoneofthe
lastaboriginalgroupsinSouthAmericatobereachedbyEuropeans.Accordingto
JuliusPopperduringahunt
the2010UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization
oftheOnapeople.Inthelate
(UNESCO)AtlasoftheWorld'sLanguagesinDanger,theOnalanguage,believed
19thcentury,estancierosand
tobepartoftheChonanfamily,isconsideredextinct,asthelastspeakersdiedin
goldprospectorslauncheda
the1980s.[2] campaignofextermination
againsttheindigenous
TheSelk'namhadlivedforthousandsofyearsaseminomadiclifeinIslaGrande
peoplesofTierradelFuego.
deTierradelFuego(literally,"bigislandoflandoffire"itsnamewasbasedon
earlySpanishexplorers'observationsofsmokefromSelk'nambonfires.)They
livedinthenortheast,withtheHaushpeopletotheireastontheMitrePeninsula,
andtheYaghanpeopletothewestandsouth,inthecentralpartofthemainisland
andthroughoutsouthernislandsofthearchipelago.

About4,000Selk'namwerealiveinthemidnineteenthcenturyby1930thishad
beenreducedtoabout100.Cattlebreeders,farmersandgoldprospectorsfrom
England,France,NorthAmerica,ChileandArgentinahadenteredtheregion,and
werejoinedbyadventurersandotherfortuneseekers.Thenativeswerepliedwith Selk'namchildren,1898
alcohol,deportedandexterminated,withbountiespaidtothemostruthless
hunters.[3]ThelargerancherstriedtorunofftheSelk'nam,thenbeganacampaign
ofexterminationagainstthem,withthecomplianceoftheArgentineandChileangovernments.Largecompanies

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3/1/2017 Selk'namgenocideWikipedia

paidsheepfarmersormilitiaabountyforeachSelk'namdead,whichwasconfirmedonpresentationofapairof
handsorears,orlateracompleteskull.Theyweregivenmoreforthedeathofawomanthanaman.Inaddition,
missionariesdisruptedtheirlivelihoodthroughforciblerelocationandintroduceddeadlyepidemics.

RepressionagainsttheSelk'nampersistedintotheearlytwentiethcentury.[4]ChilemovedsomeSelk'namto
DawsonIsland,confiningtheminaninternmentorconcentrationcamp.ArgentinafinallyallowedSalesian
missionariestoaidtheSelk'namandattempttoassimilatethem,buttheircultureandpeoplewerelargely
destroyed.

Seealso
JuliusPopper
SociedadExplotadoradeTierradelFuego
TierradelFuegoGoldRush
Fuegians

References
1.Chapman2010,p.544. 3.Gardini,Walter(1984). 4.Adelaar2010,p.92.
2.Adelaar2010,p.92. "RestoringtheHonourofan
IndianTribeRescatedeuna
tribu".Anthropos.Bd.79,H.
4./6.:64547.
3.Gardini,Walter(1984). 4.Adelaar2010,p.92.
Bibliography
Adelaar,Willem(2010)."SouthAmerica".InMoseley,Christopher.AtlasoftheWorld'sLanguagesinDanger(3rd
Reviseded.).UNESCO.pp.8694.ISBN9789231040962.
Chapman,Anne(2010).EuropeanEncounterswiththeYamanaPeopleofCapeHorn,BeforeandAfterDarwin(1sted.).
CambridgeUniversityPress.ISBN9780521513791.

Furtherreading
LuisAlbertoBorrero,LosSelk'nam(Onas),Galerna,BuenosAires2007.
LucasBridges,UttermostPartoftheEarth,London1948.

Externallinks
MediarelatedtoSelk'namGenocideatWikimediaCommons
MontesdeGonzales,AnaChapman,Anne(1977)."LosOnas:vidaymuerteenTerradelFuego"
(YouTube).ElComiteArgentinodelfilmAntropologico.
GenocideInChile:AMonumentIsNotEnough(http://intercontinentalcry.org/genocideinchileamonume
ntisnotenough/)

Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Selk%27nam_genocide&oldid=749084489"

Categories: Selk'nampeople 19thcenturyinArgentina 19thcenturyinChile 20thcenturyinArgentina

20thcenturyinChile EconomichistoryofArgentina EconomichistoryofChile
GenocideofindigenouspeoplesoftheAmericas HumanrightsinArgentina HumanrightsinChile
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IndigenoustopicsoftheSouthernCone MassacresinArgentina MassacresinChile

PoliticalrepressioninArgentina PoliticalrepressioninChile HistoryofTierradelFuego

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