Gases - Suggested Solutions

Topic 4 : Gases
DHS/P2/Q1b(ii,iii)
1) (i)
pVm / RT

(ii) At a higher temperature, the average kinetic energy of the IClx

molecules increase and the intermolecular forces of attractions
between the molecules become less significant.

HCI/P2/Q3e
2) (i) An ideal gas is a gas that obeys the ideal gas equation (pV=nRT), under all
conditions of pressure and temperature.

(ii) No. At high pressure, the gas molecules are close together such that the
volume of the molecules is significant compared to the volume of the
container (or such that intermolecular forces are stronger).

HCI/P3/Q3d(i)
3) Using pV = nRT,
0.080
32 x 103 x 150 x 106 = x 8.31 x 303
Mr
Mr = 42.0

{or CH2CO}

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 Gases - Suggested Solutions

IJC/P2/Q1a

4) (i) Using , we have

Hence, T2 = 500K

(ii) Using pV = nRT,

(120 x 103)(200 x 10-6) = n(8.31)(500) n = 5.78 x 10-3 mol

No. of moles of liquid in gas syringe in B = 2 x 5.78 x 10-3 mol

= 1.155 x 10-2 mol

Using pV = nRT,

(120 x 103)(200 x 10-6) = (1.155 x 10-2)(8.31)(T) T = 250K

(iii) No. of moles of liquid in gas syringe B = 1.155 x 10-2 mol =

Hence, Mr = = 173.1

JJC/P2/Q1a
5)(i)
S O
O O
Bent/ angular/ v-shape [1] S
O O
trigonal planar

(ii) P/ kPa V/ m3 PV/ kPa m3

6.0 0.375 2.3
12.0 0.188 2.3
18.0 0.125 2.3

(iii) Since PV is constant, SO2 behaves ideally

(iv) At low pressure, the volume of (SO2) molecules become negligible

compared to the volume of gas/container.
OR
At low pressure, molecules are well spaced-out, resulting in negligible
intermolecular attraction.

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 Gases - Suggested Solutions

NJC/P3/Q1b(ii)
6) N2O will require the highest temperature to behave like an ideal gas.

Assumption for an Ideal Gas: Negligible forces of attraction or repulsion

between the particles.
N2O exhibit permanent dipole-dipole interactions while the other 2 exhibit
instantaneous dipole-induced dipole interactions.
Since permanent dipole-dipole interactions are stronger than instantaneous
dipole-induced dipole interactions, a higher temperature is required to
overcome the intermolecular forces between N2O molecules for it to be ideal.

NYJC/P2/Q1b
7)(i) High temperature and low pressure.

(ii) Mr = R T m ass = 0.360 8.315 (273 + 200)

6
= 267
PV 1.02 10 52 10

NYJC/P3/Q3a(i)
8) N2O (g) N2 (g) + O2 (g)
Initial P/kPa 25.0 0 0
Change /kPa -x +x + x
Final P / kPa 25.0 - x x x

PT = 25.0 - x + x + x = 25.0 + x
x = 2(PT - 25.0)
( where x = amt of N2O decomposed at any given time )
PN2O = 25.0 - x = 75.0 - 2PT

At 230 s, PT = 30.0, PN2O = 15.0 kPa

At 590 s, PT = 34.0, PN2O = 7.0 kPa

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 Gases - Suggested Solutions

RI/P2/Q2
9)a) An ideal gas is one which experiences negligible intermolecular forces of
attraction and has negligible volume.

OR obeys the ideal gas equation (pV = nRT) perfectly.

(b)(i) pV
[] correct shape
carbon dioxide
[] CO2 above NH3 ammonia

ideal gas

0 p

(b)(ii) At lower pressures, NH3(g) deviates from ideal behaviour to a greater

extent since it experiences stronger intermolecular forces of interaction
(hydrogen bonding) as compared to CO2 (instantaneous dipoleinduced
dipole interaction).

SAJC/P3/Q3a
10) B is NH3 at 300K while C is CH4 at 500K.
NH3 at 300K deviates more than CH4 at 200K.

This is because NH3 molecules are held by stronger hydrogen bonding as

compared to weaker induced dipole- induced dipole attraction between CH4
molecules.

CH4 at 500K deviates less than CH4 at 300K. This is because at higher
temperature, particles posses higher kinetic energy and is more able to
overcome the forces of attractions between particles such that the collisions are
more elastic.

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 Gases - Suggested Solutions

TPJC/P2/Q1b(ii)

11)

TPJC/P3/Q2e
12)(i)

(ii) At lower temperature of 100K, the HCl molecules possess less kinetic energy
and they move slower.

Thus, intermolecular forces of attraction between HCl molecules becomes

significant.

YJC/P3/Q4d(ii)
13) High temperature and low pressure

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