1

1. Manila, the capital of the Philippines, ---- the low,

fertile, deltaic plain of the Pasig River, which ----
through the city..

A) is occupied / is flowing

B) occupies / flows

C) has occupied / flowed

D) occupied / will flow

E) is occupying / has flown

2. Regularly checking to see if babies ---- to their

name around the age of one ---- to detect autism
earlier than other tests..

A) respond / could help

B) can respond / is helped

C) will respond / can be helped

D) should be responded / must help

E) are able to respond / has been helped

3. Horses and donkeys ---- very important as draft

animals and for transportation, but they are
rarely used for these purposes today..

A) would be

B) might be

C) had been

D) used to be

E) must be

4. Currently, scientists ---- as to whether

organically grown products ---- any actual health
benefits over traditionally grown ones..

A) are divided / have

B) divided / had

C) divide / will have

D) were divided / are having

E) have been divided / had had

5. The king in the Inca civilization ---- to be the son

of Sun and hence ---- in great regard by the
people..

A) was supposed / was held

B) will suppose / is being held

C) is supposed / had held

D) had been supposed / would be held

E) can be supposed / has been held

6. Scientists ---- a global geological map of Jupiter's moon Europa,

which ---- as a destination for a future space mission..

A) were producing / proposed

B) have produced / has been proposed

C) are producing / will propose

D) will have produced / is proposing

E) had been produced / was proposed

7. Ride sharing ---- more popular ever since the
government ---- making frequent increases in
gasoline prices..

A) will become / was to start

B) is becoming / starts

C) became / has started

D) had become / had started

E) has become / started

8. The Faroe Islands ---- by Irish monks before the

Vikings ---- there in the 9th century AD..

A) have been settled / were arriving

B) were being settled / had arrived

C) had been settled / arrived

D) were settled / have arrived

E) would be settled / have been arriving

9. In recent years, the incidence and severity of

sunburn ---- worldwide because of damage to the
ozone layer..

A) will increase

B) increase

C) will have increased

D) are going to increase

E) have increased

10. Over the past decades, many countries ----

significant reforms to foster domestic capital
market development..

A) have implemented

B) implemented

C) had implemented

D) were implementing

E) will have implemented

11. When Chilean separatist force --- and

independent Chile in 1818, the vice-royalty of
Peru ---- over Chile for almost three centuries..

A) declared / had been ruling

B) has declared / was ruling

C) was declaring / has been ruling

D) was declaring / ruled

E) had declared / has ruled

12. By the 16th century, Austria ---- so large that its emperor ---- all
of modern Austria, Belgium, the Netherlands, Czechoslovakia,
Hungary and Spain as well as parts of Italy and Yugoslavia..

A) has become / rules

B) was becoming / might rule

C) was going to become / was to rule

D) had become / was ruling

E) must have become / ruled

13. Mans use of pictures to tell stories and to record
experience ---- in prehistoric times, when he ----
on the walls of caves..

A) was beginning / would draw

B) began / drew

C) begins / draws

D) has begun / was drawing

E) had begun / draw

14. Experts ---- that by 2050, world population ----

from 6.6 billion to over 9 billion..

A) predicted / has increased

B) predict / will have increased

C) will be predicted / increased

D) are predicted / can increase

E) have predicted / is increasing

15. Once cells ---- at their final destinations, they ----

stable multicellular structures with specific
morphologies and functions..

A) arrived / had established

B) had arrived / should establish

C) arrive / have established

D) have arrived / must establish

E) will arrive / will establish

16. Military rule ---- Indonesia for more than 30 years

until public protests --- an end to the General
Suharto regime in 1998..

A) has dominated / have forced

B) was dominating / had forced

C) will dominated / force

D) had dominated / were forcing

E) dominated / forced

17. Since ancient times, white animals ---- a special

place in human society and ---- prominent and
even sacred in many cultures' mythologies..

A) had held / were

B) held / have been

C) are holding / will be

D) have held / are

E) may hold / have to be

18. Copernicus ---- in 1543 that the earth ---- like the other
planets and that the planets revolve around the sun..

A) may have suggested / had been

B) suggested / is

C) had suggested / was

D) will suggest / has been

E) suggests / may be
19. 1991 ---- The International Yunus Emre Year by
UNESCO in honour of this 14th century mystic,
whose poetry and songs ---- love and
understanding themes..

A) was declaring / had

B) had declared / have had

C) was declared / have

D) had been declared / are having

E) has been declared / will have

20. Life ---- increasingly hard in big cities, so many

people ---- to move to rural areas in the near
future..

A) became / have been planned

B) is becoming / are planning

C) was becoming / will be planned

D) had become / plan

E) becomes / had planned

21. Archaeologists ---- today that the pyramid of an

ancient Egyptian pharaoh ---- after being buried
for generations..

A) announced / had rediscovered

B) announce / is rediscovered

C) are announced / was rediscovered

D) will announced / rediscovers

E) have announced / has been rediscovered

22. Over recent years, alcoholism ---- a leading cause

of death in the young adult population in the US,
which ---- the deaths from drunken driving and
fires started by carelessly dropped cigarettes..

A) became / was including

B) becomes / included

C) was becoming / will include

D) is becoming / is including

E) has become / includes

23. Traditionally, dermatologists ---- some creams

and ointments for acne treatment, however,
today essential oils ---- in great form as a
treatment option for acne scar removal..

A) were prescribing / have been

B) had prescribed / were

C) used to prescribe / are

D) have prescribed / should be

E) would prescribe / will be

24. Modern exploration of the undersea world had its
beginnings in June 1943, when Jasques Cousteau
---- his first dive with a revolutionary device
which he --- with Emile Gagnan, a French
engineer..

A) was making / has developed

B) had made / developed

C) made / had developed

D) will have made / develops

E) has made / will develop

25. Nowadays, it ---- that the Vikings ---- the

Americas about 500 years before Columbus'
arrival there in 1492..

A) has believed / were reached

B) is believed / had reached

C) believed / have been reaching

D) has been believed / reached

E) will believe / have reached

26. All arts ---- in one way or another by the times in

which they ----.

A) influenced / have flourished

B) were influenced / are flourishing

C) had influenced / flourished

D) are influenced / flourish

E) have been influenced / will flourish

27. Several different types of gases in the

atmosphere ---- the planet by trapping energy
that ---- emitted to space..

A) will warm / had otherwise been

B) are warming / was otherwise warming

C) warmed / may otherwise be

D) warm / would otherwise be

E) have warmed / has otherwise been

28.
Chemical dyes ---- to Turkey in 1882, and from
then on, the production of root dyes ---- to
decline.
.

A) had introduced / was beginning

B) are introduced / was begun

C) will be introduced / will begin

D) were introduced / has begun

E) have been introduced / has begun

29.
The question of how Aboriginal ---- on to other
tribes over the centuries ---- by academics from a
number of countries.
.

A) was passed / had been debated

B) has been passed / would be debated

C) could have been passed / has been debated

D) is passed / may be debated

E) will be passed / was debated

30. Early scholars ---- information in any order they -

---, and they had few ways to check its accuracy..

A) presented / chose

B) have presented / will choose

C) were presented / would choose

D) had presented / used to choose

E) will be present / choose

31. Thanks to improved transportation, we ----

distances that ---- too long to go in only a couple
of hours today..

A) are travelling / would seem

B) have travelled / seems

C) can travel / used to seem

D) will travel / had seemed

E) travel / has seemed

32. The Linlithgow palace ---- since the early 19th

century and ---- today managed and maintained
by Historic Scotland..

A) has conserved / was

B) had been conserved / will be

C) was conserved / has been

D) is conserved / used to be

E) has been conserved / is

33. Sustainable development is a key concept that -

--- before it ---- by the underdeveloped
countries..

A) was to be analysed / is implemented

B) needs to be analysed / can beimplemented

C) was analysed / had been implemented

D) has to be analysed / will be implemented

E) has been analysed / was implemented

34. It is apparent from historical documents that
artesian wells ---- in ancient Egypt and China,
and that since earliest times they ---- in the
Sahara..

A) are known / may exist

B) have been known / existed

C) will be known / will exist

D) had been known / may have existed

E) were known / have existed

35.
Urbanization, as we know it now, ---- with the
Industrial Revolution in the 18th century, and ----
on the rise ever since.
.

A) had begun / might only be

B) begins / is only

C) has begun / was only

D) began / has only been

E) may begin / will be

36. Coal ---- as a fossil fuel for centuries, ever since

humans realized that the substance ----
burnable..

A) has been utilized / was

B) was utilized / had been

C) had utilized / is

D) would be utilized / was being

E) is utilized / has been

37. Asia ---- the worlds largest land mass and ----
just over half of the worlds people..

A) has had / held

B) is having / was holding

C) was having / had held

D) has / holds

E) has been having / will hold

38. Recently many companies in the industrialized

world ---- to long-term supply relationships,
without which, they think, industrial organization
----..

A) turned / could hardly survive

B) were turning / can hardly survive

C) have turned / may hardly survive

D) had turned / might hardly survive

E) used to turn / must hardly survive

39. When new routes to the East ---- in the sixteenth
century, the power and wealth of Italian cities
like Genoa and Venice, which ---- Mediterranean
trade, began to decline..

A) had been discovered / dominated

B) would be discovered / were dominating

C) might be discovered / were dominated

D) were discovered / had dominated

E) were being discovering / may have dominated

40. According to what ---- in a recent report on

climate change, within the 25 years, millions of
people especially living in Africa, around the
Mediterranean, and in Central Asia ---- from
severe water shortages..

A) has been suggested / is going to suffer

B) will be suggested / has suffered

C) had been suggested / would suffer

D) was suggested / suffers

E) is suggested / suffered

41. Today agricultural machines of great size and

complexity, some even computerized, ---- in
hours what ---- people and animals days to
complete..

A) accomplish / used to take

B) have accomplished / takes

C) will be accomplished / took

D) are accomplishing / should take

E) had accomplished / was taking

42. The researchers ---- that the zircon ---- when the
biggest meteors, some of which were over 600
miles wide, hit Earth..

A) suggest / is created

B) may suggest / had been created

C) have suggested / could have been created

D) had suggested / may be created

E) suggested / was creating

43. People didn't cause the climate change that ----

thousands or millions of years ago, so it ---- for
other natural reasons..

A) occurred / must have happened

B) was occurring / may happen

C) has occurred / should have happened

D) had occurred / would have happened

E) had been occurring / might be happening

44. Once the partition of Palestine into Jewish and
Arab regions ---- by the United Nations, the state
of Israel ---- immediately on 14 May 1948..

A) was approved / had been proclaimed

B) must have been approved / proclaim

C) was approving / proclaimed

D) would be approved / has been proclaimed

E) had been approved / was proclaimed

45. Before Richard Bennet ---- the appointment as

the prime minister of Canada in 1930, he ----
success as a lawyer..

A) accepted / had achieved

B) may accept / has achieved

C) had accepted / achieved

D) was accepting / was achieving

E) accepts / will achieve

46. It is well known that regional political disputes

over scarce natural resources ---- troubles that -
--- beyond the boundaries of single region..

A) caused / would have gone

B) are cause / will go

C) have been caused / might go

D) may cause / go

E) are causing / had gone

47. Many economists claim that, as capitalism ---- in

the countries that are in the process of
industrialization, small businesses ----..

A) developed / may eventually disappear

B) can develop / could have eventually disappeared

C) develops / will eventually disappear

D) is developing / eventually disappeared

E) will develop / eventually disappear

48. How much information ---- in short-term memory

depends almost exclusively on how it ----..

A) is retained / arranges

B) will be retained / would be arranged

C) can be retained / is arranged

D) has been retained / was arranged

E) was retained / could be arranged

49. By the end of this year, all ten countries waiting to join the EU
next year, ---- on the accession treaty which they ---- in April..

A) may vote / sign

B) vote / was signing

C) could vote / is signing

D) will have voted / signed

E) voted / would sign

50. No one knows whether projections of
demographic shifts ---- reliable and ---- to be
valid in the future..

A) were / would have been

B) had been / prove

C) are to be / may prove

D) are / will prove

E) will be / have been

SORU CEVAP SORU CEVAP

1 B 41 A

2 A 42 C

3 D 43 A

4 A 44 E

5 A 45 A

6 B 46 D

7 E 47 C

8 C 48 C

9 E 49 D

10 A 50 D

11 A

12 D

13 B

14 B

15 D

16 E

17 D

18 B

19 C

20 B

21 E

22 E

23 C

24 C

25 B

26 D

27 D

28 D

29 C

30 A

31 C

32 E

33 B

34 E

35 D

36 A

37 D

38 C

39 D

40 A