Professional Documents
Culture Documents
WHAT IS LEARNING?
Characteristics of learning
Learning is purposeful
example:
A student reviews his/her lesson in order to receive a high grade and avoid
being reprimanded by his/her professor. (Short term goal)
example:
learning is multifaceted
Example:
In physical education, the objectives are not purely on psychomotor domain;
the development of affective domain is emphasized like teamwork and
sportsmanship.
example:
Types of learning
learning
Theories of learning
Connectionism theory
Consist of three laws of learning (Law of effect, Law of exercise and Law of
readiness) that is commonly used in the field of education.
Law of effect
Law of exercise
It states that the more you perform or practice a certain behavior then the
stronger the connection between stimuli and response will be.
Law of readiness
It states that learning is likely to take place only when an organism is
ready for it. Readiness is both physical and mental.
He claims that people are likely to repeat their previous action when they
encounter similar situation.
His theory asserts that the best way to understand ones behavior is to
look first at the causes of an action and its consequences.
b) Negative punishment
removal. It involves
a) Positive punishment
individual have been able to control the drives after undergoing the
reduction of drives.
Gestalt theory
It adheres to the principle the whole is greater than the sum of all its
parts.
It put emphasis on the cognitive processes in which the mind look for
patterns in things, its contribution to learning, most especially in the
development of perception.
1. Law of proximity it states that objects or shapes that are close to one
another appear to form groups.
2. Law of closure it states that when shapes or objects are shown with
missing parts or not closed, the learner will attempt to look for what is
lacking instead of following the instruction.
3. Law of symmetry it states that when shapes and objects are not
balance, not smooth, and unnatural, the learner will spend time
identifying the cause of the problem instead of obeying the instruction.
Memory
3. Retrieving process of taking the memory out of the storage and applying
on how it is originally used.
2. Short Term Memory (STM) the memory that is currently active while
doing simple task like writing a letter, cleaning shoes, or reading a
newspaper.
3. Long Term Memory (LTM) the memory that is more or less stable and
practically unquantifiable in storage capacity.
Forgetting