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Concept of human resource management:-

Human resource means the resource that resides in the knowledge, skills, and motivation
of people. Human resource is the least mobile of the four factors of production, and (under right
conditions) it improves with age and experience, which no other resource can do. It is therefore
regarded as the scarcest and most crucial productive resource that creates the largest and longest
lasting advantage for an organization.
Human resources (HR) is the company department charged with finding, screening,
recruiting and training job applicants, as well as administering employee-benefit programs. As
companies reorganize to gain competitive edge, human resources plays a key role in helping
companies deal with a fast-changing environment and the greater demand for quality employees.
Human resource management was previously known as personnel management which
was concerned with the activities of a single department. It was typically concerned with
the administration of human. The functions carried out by the department were recruitment and
selection, reward, appraisal, development, grievance handling, retirement, registration and so
forth. It was introduced and developed in the bureaucratic set up in which importance was given
on organization and administration of manpower.
Now, human resource management may be defined as a process in which human
resources are recruited and mobilized in such a way that it helps in achieving the objective of the
organization. HRM is concerned with the people dimension in management under which the
consideration is given towards recruitment and selection, development, motivation and
maintenance of human resources in an organization. It is one of the main functions of
management, which is related with the management of human energies and competencies.
Human resource management helps to ensure the right man, for the right position and at the right
time in a changing environment. The organizational performance depends on the efficiency of
human resource working in the organization. Hence, a proper set up should be taken for
manpower planning, recruitment, motivation, training and development, performance evaluation,
remuneration management and industrial relation.
Moreover, human resource management is concerned with the development of human
skill, knowledge and ability to perform the organizational tasks effectively and efficiently. It is
a field of study consisting of four functions- acquisition, development, motivation and
maintenance of human resources. The acquisition is related with getting people, development is
with preparing them for work, motivation refers to activating them and finally maintenance
refers to keeping them retained in the organization.
Therefore, human resource management is an art of managing and mobilizing people in
the organization. It is done through the application of different practices and policies which
ultimately values human resources as major asset of an organization. It integrates personnel
function into strategic management.
Objectives of human resource management: - The primary objective of HRM is to ensure the
availability of right man, for the right position and at the right time in a changing environment so
that the organizational goals are achieved effectively.
1. To help the organization to attain its goals effectively and efficiently by providing
competent and motivated employees.
2. To develop human skill, knowledge and ability to perform the organizational tasks
effectively and efficiently.
3. To utilize the available human resources effectively.
4. To increase to the fullest the employees job satisfaction and self-actualization.
5. To develop and maintain the quality of work life (QWL) which makes employment in the
organization a desirable personal and social situation.
6. To help maintain ethical policies and behavior inside and outside the organization.
7. To establish and maintain cordial relations between employees and management.
8. To inculcate the sense of team spirit, team work and inter-team collaboration.
9. To develop overall personality of each employee its multidimensional aspect.
10. To maintain high morale among the employees.

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