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Edited By
Adnan Shafique Exercise 3.4 (Solutions)
Integration by Parts 1 2x
2 1 + x2
= x tan -1 x - dx
If u and v are function of x , then

uv dx = u vdx - ( vdx ) u dx
d
1 (1 + x 2 )
= x tan x -
-1 dx dx
2 1 + x2
Question # 1(i) 1
u=x = x tan -1 x - ln 1 + x 2 + c
Let I = x sin x dx 2
v = sin x
Integration by parts Question # 1(viii)
I = x (- cos x) - (- cos x) (1) dx Let I = x 2 sin x dx u = x2
= - x cos x + cos x dx Integrating by parts v = sin x
= - x cos x + sin x + c I = x 2 (- cos x) - (- cos x ) 2 x dx

Question # 1(ii) = - x 2 cos x + 2 x cos x dx u=x

u = ln x v = cos x
Let I = ln x dx v =1 Again integrating by parts
= ln x 1 dx (
I = - x 2 cos x + 2 x sin x - sin x (1) dx )
Integrating by parts = - x cos x + 2 x sin x - 2(- cos x) + c
2

1 = - x 2 cos x + 2 x sin x + 2cos x + c

I = ln x x - x dx
x
= x ln x - dx Question # 1(ix)
Let I = x 2 tan -1 x dx u = tan -1 x
= x ln x - x + c
Integrating by parts v = x2
Question # 1(iii) x3 x3 1
u = ln x I = tan -1 x - dx
Let I = x ln x dx 3 3 1 + x2
v=x
Integrating by parts x3 1 x3
= tan -1 x - dx
x2 x2 1 3 3 1 + x2
I = ln x - dx
= tan -1 x - x -
2 2 x x3 1 x
3 1 + x 2
2
dx
x 1 3
= ln x - x dx
2 2 x3 1 1 x
2
1 x2 = tan -1 x - x dx + - dx
x
= ln x - + c 3 3 3 1 + x2
2 2 2 x3 1 x2 1 1 2x
= tan -1 x - + - dx
= ln x - + c
2
x 1 3 3 2 3 2 1 + x2
2 2 d
x3 x 2
1 (1 + x 2 )
Question # 1(iv) = tan -1 x - + - dx dx
u = ln x 3 6 6 1 + x2
Let I = x 2 ln x dx
v = x2 x3 x2 1
= tan -1 x - + - ln 1 + x 2 + c
Do yourself 3 6 6
Question # 1(v) Question # 1(x)
Let I = x3 ln x dx u = ln x Let I = x tan -1 x dx u = tan -1 x
v = x3 v=x
Do yourself Integrating by parts
x2 x2 1
Question # 1(vi) I = tan -1 x - dx
u = ln x 2 2 1 + x2
Let I = x 4 ln x dx
v = x4 x2 1 x2
Do yourself = tan -1 x - dx
2 2 1 + x2
Question # 1(vii) x2 1 1 + x2 - 1
= tan -1 x - dx
Let I = tan -1 x dx 2 2 1 + x2
u = tan -1 x x2 1 1 + x2 1
= tan -1 x 1 dx = tan -1 x - - dx
v =1 2 2 1 + x 1 + x2
2

Integrating by parts
x2 1 1
1 = tan -1 x - 1 -
I = tan x x - x 2 1 + x 2
-1
dx dx
2
1 + x2

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x2 1 1
tan -1 x - dx +
1 x2 1 1 - x2 -1
= dx = sin -1 x + dx
2 2 2 1 + x2 2 2 1 - x2
x2 1 1
= tan -1 x - x + tan -1 x + c Ans. x2 1 1 - x2 1
2 2 2 = sin -1 x + - dx
2 2 1 - x2 1 - x2

Question # 1(xi)
u = tan -1 x x2 1 1
Let I = x3 tan -1 x dx = sin -1 x + 1 - x 2 - dx
v = x3 2 2 1 - x2
Integrating by parts
x2 1 1 1
x4
I = tan -1 x -
x4 1
dx x2 - 1 = sin -1 x + 1 - x 2 dx - dx
4 4 1 + x2 2 2 2 1 - x2
1 + x 2 x4
x4
1 x 4
x2 1 1
= tan -1 x - - dx x +x
4 2 I= sin -1 x + I1 - sin -1 x .. (i)
4 4 1 + x2 - - 2 2 2
x 4
- x2 Where I1 = 1 - x 2 dx
= tan -1 x
4 -1 - x2 Put x = sin q dx = cos q dq
+ +
1 2 1
- x -1+ dx 1 I1 = 1 - sin 2 q cos q dq
4 1 + x2
x4 1 1 1 1 = cos2 q cos q dq
= tan -1 x - x 2 dx + dx - dx
4 4 4 4 1 + x2 1 + cos 2q
= cos 2 q dq = dq
x4 1 x3 1 1 2
= tan -1 x - + x - tan -1 x + c
4 4 3 4 4 1
4 3 = (1 + cos 2q ) dq
x x 1 1 2
= tan -1 x - + x - tan -1 x + c
4 12 4 4 1 sin 2q
= q + +c
2 2
Question # 1(xii) u = x3
Let I = x3 cos x dx v = cos x 1 2sin q cos q
= q + + c
= x 3 by 2 2
Do yourself as Question # 1(viii). uIntegrate
= q + sin q 1 - sin 2 q + c
parts three times. 1
2
Question # 1(xiii)
= sin -1 x + x 1 - x 2 + c
1
I = sin -1 x dx u = sin -1 x 2
v =1 Using value of I1 in (i )
= sin -1 x 1 dx
)
u = x3
Integrating by parts
1
I=
x2
2
1 1
2 2 (
sin -1 x + sin -1 x + x 1 - x 2 + c

I = sin -1 x x - x dx 1
1 - x2 - sin -1 x
1
2
-
= x sin -1 x - (1 - x 2 ) 2 ( x) dx
2
x 1 1 1
= sin -1 x + sin -1 x + x 1 - x 2 + c
1 2 4 4 2
1 2 -2
2
= x sin -1 x + (1 - x ) (-2 x) dx 1 -1
- sin x
1 2
1 - d
= x sin -1 x + (1 - x 2 ) 2 (1 - x 2 ) dx x 2
1 1 1
2 dx I = sin -1 x - sin -1 x + x 1 - x 2 + c
1
2 4 4 2
- +1
1 (1 - x 2 ) 2
= x sin -1 x + +c Question # 1(xv)
2 1 u = ex
- +1 Let I = e x sin x cos x dx
2 v = sin 2 x
1 1 x
2
1 (1 - x 2 ) 2 = e 2sin x cos x dx
= x sin -1 x + +c
2 1 1
2 = e x sin 2 x dx Q sin 2 x = 2 sin x cos x
2
= x sin -1 x + 1 - x 2 + c Integrating by parts
Question # 1(xiv) 1 - cos 2 x - cos 2 x x
I = e x - e dx
u = sin -1 x 2 2 2
Let I = x sin -1 x dx
v=x 1 1
Integrating by parts = - e x cos 2 x + e x cos 2 x dx
4 4
x2 x2 1
I = sin -1 x - dx Again integrating by parts
2 2 1 - x2 1 1 sin 2 x sin 2 x x
I = - e x cos 2 x + e x - e
x2 1 - x2 4 4 2 2
= sin -1 x + dx
2 2 1 - x2

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1 x 1 sin 2 x 1 Question # 1(xix)

=- e cos 2 x + e x - e x sin 2 x
4 4 2 2 Let I = (ln x) 2 dx
u = ( ln x )
2
1 1 sin 2 x
= - e x cos 2 x + e x - I +c = ( ln x ) 1 dx
2
4 4 2 v =1
1 x 1 1 Integrating by parts
=- e cos 2 x + e x sin 2 x - I + c 1
I = ( ln x ) x - x 2 ( ln x )
2
4 8 4 dx
1 1 1 x
I + I = - e x cos 2 x + e x sin 2 x + c = x ( ln x ) - 2 ( ln x ) dx
2
4 4 8
5 1 1 Again integrating by parts
I = - e x cos 2 x + e x sin 2 x + c
4 4 8 1
I = x ( ln x ) - 2 ln x x - x dx
2
1 1 4 x
I = - e x cos 2 x + e x sin 2 x + c
5 10 5
= x ( ln x ) - 2 x ln x + 2 dx
2

Question # 1(xvi)
= x ( ln x ) - 2 x ln x + 2 x + c
2

Let I = x sin x cos x dx

1 Question # 1(xx)
2
= x 2sin x cos x dx u = ln(tan x )
Let I = ln(tan x) sec2 x dx
u=x v = sec 2 x
1
= x sin 2 x dx v = sin 2 x Integrating by parts
2 1
Integrating by parts I = ln(tan x) tan x - tan x sec2 x dx
tan x
1 - cos 2 x - cos 2 x
I = x - (1) dx = tan x ln ( tan x ) - sec x dx
2
2 2 2
Now do yourself = tan x ln ( tan x ) - tan x + c

Question # 1(xvii) Question # 1(xxi)

Let I = x cos 2 x dx x sin -1 x u = sin -1 x
Let I = dx
v = (1 - x 2 ) 2 ( - 2 x )
1
-
1 + cos 2 x 1 - x2
= x dx 1
2 = sin -1 x ( x) dx
1 1 - x2
= x (1 + cos 2 x ) dx
= - sin -1 x (1 - x 2 ) 2 (-2 x) dx
1
2 u=x 1 -

1 1 v = cos 2 x 2
= x dx + x cos 2 xdx Integrating by parts
2 2

= + x (1)dx
2
1 x 1 sin 2 x sin 2 x 1
- - +1
1 -1 (1 - x 2 ) 2
2 2 2 2 2 I = - sin x
2 1
x2 1 1 - +1
= + x sin 2 x - sin 2 x dx 2
4 4 4 1
- +1
1 - cos 2 x (1 - x 2 ) 2 1
+ x sin 2 x - -
2
=
x 1 dx
+c 1 1 - x2
4 4 4 2 - +1
2
x2 1 1
= + x sin 2 x + cos 2 x + c 1
4 4 8 1 -1 (1 - x 2 ) 2
= - sin x
Question # 1(xviii) 2 1
2
Let I = x sin 2 x dx 1
(1 - x 2 ) 2 1
1 - cos 2 x 1 -
dx = x (1 - cos 2 x ) dx
dx
= x 1 1- x 2
2 2
2
1 1 u=x
= x dx - x cos 2 x dx v = cos 2 x 1 1

2 2 = - 2(1 - x 2 ) 2 sin -1 x - 2 dx
Integrating by parts 2

I=
1 x2 1 sin 2 x
- x -
sin 2 x
.(1) dx = - 1 - x 2 sin -1 x + dx
2 2 2 2 2
2 = - 1 - x 2 sin -1 x + x + c
x 1 1
= - x sin 2 x + sin 2 x dx = x - 1 - x 2 sin -1 x + c
4 4 4
x2 1 1 - cos 2 x
= - x sin 2 x + +c Question # 2(i)
4 4 4 2
2
Let I = tan 4 xdx
x 1 1
= - x sin 2 x - cos 2 x + c = tan 2 x tan 2 x dx
4 4 8

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= tan 2 x ( sec 2 x - 1) dx 1 3 5x 3 2 5x
= x e - x e dx u = x2
v = ex
= ( tan 2 x sec2 x - tan 2 x ) dx
5 5
Again integrating by parts
= tan 2 x sec2 x dx - tan 2 x dx 1 3 e5 x e5 x
I = x3e5 x - x 2 - 2 x dx
d 5 5 5 5
= tan 2 x (tan x) dx - (sec2 x - 1) dx
dx 1 3 5x 3 2 5x 6
2 +1
= x e - x e + x e5 x dx
tan x 5 25 25
= - sec2 x dx - dx
2 +1 Again integrating by parts
1 1 3
= tan 3 x - tan x - x + c I = x3e5 x - x 2 e5 x
3 5 25
6 e5 x e5 x
+ x - (1)dx
Question # 2(ii) 25 5 5
Let I = sec 4 x dx 1 3 5x 3 2 5x 6 6
= (sec 2 x ) (sec2 x ) dx
=
5
xe - xe +
25 125
xe5 x -
125 e5 x dx

1 3 6 6 e5 x
= (1 + tan 2 x ) (sec2 x ) dx = x 3 e 5 x - x 2 e5 x + xe5 x - +c
5 25 125 125 5
= sec2 x dx + tan 2 x sec2 x dx =
e5 x 3 3 2 6
x - x + x-
6
+c
5 5 25 125
d
= tan x + (tan x)2 (tan x) dx
dx Question 2(vi)
tan 3 x Let I = e - x sin 2 x dx u = e- x
= tan x + +c v = sin 2 x
3
Integrating by parts
Question # 2(iii) - cos 2 x - cos 2 x - x
I = e- x - e (-1) dx
Let I = e x sin 2 x cos x dx 2 2
1 1
1 x = - e- x cos 2 x - e- x cos 2 x dx
e ( 2sin 2 x cos x ) dx
2
= 2 2
Again integrating by parts
1
= e x ( sin(2 x + x) + sin(2 x - x) ) dx
I = - e - x cos 2 x - e- x
1 1 sin 2 x
2
2 2 2
1 x
= e ( sin 3 x + sin x ) dx
e (-1) dx
sin 2 x - x
2 -
1 x 1
2
= e sin 3 x dx + e x sin x dx 1 1 1
2 2 = - e- x cos 2 x - e- x sin 2 x - e- x sin 2 x dx
1 1 2 4 4
= I1 + I 2 . (i) 1 -x 1 -x 1
2 2 I = - e cos 2 x - e sin 2 x - I + c
Where I1 = e x sin 3 x dx and I 2 = e x sin x dx 2 4 4
1 1 1
Solve I1 and I 2 as in Q # 1(xv) and put value of I + I = - e- x cos 2 x - e- x sin 2 x + c
4 2 4
I1 and I 2 in (i ) . 5 1 1
I = - e- x cos 2 x - e- x sin 2 x + c
4 2 4
Question # 2(iv) 2 -x 1 -x 4
I = - e cos 2 x - e sin 2 x + c
I = tan 3 x sec x dx 5 5 5
1 4
= tan 2 x tan x sec x dx = - e- x ( 2 cos 2 x + sin 2 x ) + c
5 5
= ( sec 2 x - 1) sec x tan x dx
Question # 2(vii)
Put t = sec x dt = sec x tan x dx
Let I = e2 x cos 3 x dx
So I = ( t 2 - 1) dt
Do yourself as above
3
t
= -t +c Question # 2(viii)
3 u = cosec x
I = cosec3 x dx
=
sec3 x
- sec+ c v = cosec 2 x
3 = cosec x cosec2 x dx
Question # 2(v) Integrating by parts
Let I = x3e5 x dx u=x 3 I = csc x ( - cot x ) i ( - cot x )( - csc x cot x ) dx
Integrating by parts v = ex = - cosec x cot x - cosec x cot 2 x dx
e5 x e5 x
I = x3
5
-
5
3 x 2 dx (
= - cosec x cot x - cosec x cosec2 x - 1 dx )
(
= - cosec x cot x - cosec3 x - cosec x dx )

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= - cosec x cot x - cosec3 x dx + cosec x dx Question # 4(i)

= - cosec x cot x - I + ln cosec x - cot x + c Let I = a 2 - x 2 dx u = a 2 - x2
v =1
I + I = - cosec x cot x + ln cosec x - cot x + c = a 2 - x 2 1 dx
2 I = - cosec x cot x + ln cosec x - cot x + c Integrating by parts
1

( )
1 -
1 1 1
I = - csc x cot x + ln csc x - cot x + c I = a - x x - x a 2 - x 2 2 ( -2 x ) dx
2 2

2 2 2 2
- x2
Question # 3 = x a 2 - x2 - dx
u = e ax
1

Let I = eax sin bx dx v = sin bx a -x

2 2 2
( )
Integrating by parts a 2 - x2 - a2
= x a 2 - x2 - dx
cos bx cos bx ax 1
I = e ax -
b
- -
b
e ( a) dx (a 2
-x 2 2
)
e ax cos bx a ax
=- + e cos bx dx a 2
- x 2
a 2

b b = x a 2 - x2 - 1
- 1
dx
Again integrating by parts
eax cos bx a ax sin bx
a2 - x2 2
( a -x
2 2 2
) ( )
e a dx
sin bx ax
I =- + e - a 2
b b b b = x a 2 - x 2 - a 2 - x 2 dx + dx
e ax cos bx a ax a2 a 2 - x2
=- + 2 e sin bx - 2 eax sin bx dx 1
b b b I = x a2 - x2 - I + a2 dx
e ax cos bx a ax a2 a - x2
2
=- + 2 e sin bx - 2 I + c1
b x
b b I + I = x a 2 - x 2 + a 2 Sin-1 + c
a2 e ax cos bx a ax a
I+ I = - + 2 e sin bx + c1 x
b2 b b 2 I = x a 2 - x 2 + a 2 Sin -1 + c
a
b2 + a 2 e ax
2 I = 2 ( -b cos bx + a sin bx ) + c1 1 1
I = x a 2 - x 2 + a 2 Sin -1 + c
x 1
b b 2 2 a 2
(b 2
)
+ a 2 I = eax ( a sin bx - b cos bx ) + b2 c1
Review
Put a = r cos q & b = r sin q dx
Squaring and adding x -a
2 2
= ln x + x 2 - a 2 + c
a 2 + b 2 = r 2 cos 2 q + sin 2 q ( ) dx
x +a
= ln x + x 2 + a 2 + c
a 2 + b 2 = r 2 (1) r = a 2 + b 2
2 2

Also
Question # 4(ii)
b r sin q b
= = tan q Let I = x 2 - a 2 dx
a r cos q a u = x2 - a2
v =1
q = tan -1
b = x 2 - a 2 1 dx
a
So Integrating by parts
( )
b 2 + a 2 I = e ax ( r cos q sin bx - r sin q cos bx )
1

( )
1 -
I = x - a x - x x2 - a 2
2 2 2
( 2 x ) dx
2
+ b 2 c1
x2
(b 2
)
+ a 2 I = e ax r ( sin bx cos q - cos bx sin q ) = x x2 - a2 - 1
dx
+ b 2 c1 x -a
2 2 2
( )
(a 2
)
+ b 2 I = eax r sin ( bx - q ) + b2 c1 = x x2 - a2 -
x2 - a2 + a2
1
dx
Putting value of r and q (x 2
-a 2 2
)
b
(a 2
+b I = e
2
) ax
a + b sin bx - tan -1 + b2 c1
2 2

a
x 2
- a 2
a 2

= x x2 - a2 - + 1
dx
a 2 + b 2 ax bx - tan -1 b + b
2 1
I=
(a 2 + b 2 )
e sin
a a 2 + b 2 1
c x -a

2 2 2
( x -a
2 2 2
) ( )
2
1 b = x x 2 - a 2 - x 2 - a 2 dx -
a
I= e ax sin bx - tan -1 + c dx
a +b
2
2 a x2 - a2
1
b2
Where c = 2 2 c1 I = x x2 - a 2 - I - a2 dx
a +b x - a2
2

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I + I = x x 2 - a 2 - a 2 ln x + x 2 - a2 + c Question # 4(v)
Same as Q # 4(ii)
dx dx
Q = ln x + x 2 - a 2 + c Use = ln x + x 2 + 4 + c
x -a
2 2
x +4
2

2 I = x x 2 - a 2 - a 2 ln x + x 2 - a 2 + c Question # 4(vi)
1 a2 1 Let I = x 2 eax dx
I= x x 2 - a 2 - ln x + x 2 - a 2 + c
2 2 2 Do yourself as Question # 2(v)

Question # 4(iii) Important Formula

I = 4 - 5 x dx d ax
( d
) d
2
Let Since e f ( x) = eax f ( x) + f ( x ) eax
dx dx dx
= 4 - 5 x 2 1 dx = e f ( x) + f ( x ) e (a )
ax ax

Integrating by parts = eax [ a f ( x) + f ( x ) ]

1
1 2 -2
I = 4 - 5 x 2 x - x (4 - 5 x ) (-10 x) dx On integrating
2
= 4 - 5x x -
2 -5 x 2
dx
( )
dx e f ( x) dx = e [ a f ( x) + f ( x) ] dx
d ax ax

(4 - 5 x 2 ) e ax f ( x) = eax [ a f ( x) + f ( x ) ] dx
4 - 5x2 - 4
= 4 - 5x x -
e [ a f ( x) + f ( x) ] dx = e f ( x) + c
2

(4 - 5 x 2 )
dx ax ax

4 - 5x2 4 dx Question # 5(i)
= 4 - 5x x -
2
-
1
Let I = e x + ln x dx
1 1
(4 - 5 x )
2 2
(4 - 5 x 2 ) 2
x
1 1

= 4 - 5 x x - (4 - 5 x ) -
2 2 2 4 dx = e x ln x + dx
1 x
(4 - 5 x 2 ) 2 1
1 Put f ( x ) = ln x f ( x) =
= 4 - 5 x 2 x - 4 - 5 x 2 dx + 4 dx x
4 - 5x2 So I = e x ( f ( x) + f ( x) ) dx
1
I = 4 - 5 x 2 x - I + 4 dx = e x f ( x) + c = e x ln x + c
5 - x 2
4
5 Question # 5(ii)
1 Let I = e x ( cos x + sin x ) dx
I + I = 4 - 5 x 2 x + 4 dx
5
4 2
-x = e x ( sin x + cos x ) dx
5
Put f ( x ) = sin x f ( x ) = cos x
4 1
5 2 2
2I = 4 - 5 x x + 2
dx So I = e x ( f ( x) + f ( x) ) dx
-x
2
= e x f ( x) + c
5
= e x sin x + c
4 x
= 4 - 5x2 x + Sin-1 + c1
5 2 5 Question # 5(iii)
dx x 1
Q = Sin -1 Let I = eax a sec-1 x + dx
a -x
2 2 a x x2 - 1
5x 1 1
I=
x
4 - 5x2 +
4
Sin -1 + 2 c1 Put f ( x ) = sec-1 x f ( x ) =
2 2 5 2 x x2 - 1
x 2 5x So I = eax [ a f ( x) + f ( x)] dx
= 4 - 5x2 + Sin -1 +c
2 5 2 = eax f ( x) + c
1 = eax sec -1 x + c
Where c = c
2 1
Question # 5(iv)
Question # 4(iv) 3sin x - cos x
Let I = e3 x dx
Let I = 3 - 4 x 2 dx sin 2 x
3sin x cos x
Same as above. = e3 x 2 - 2 dx
sin x sin x

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1 cos x e mt
= e3 x 3 - dx = +c
sin x sin x sin x m
= e3 x ( 3csc x - csc x cot x ) dx 1 -1
= e m tan x + c
m
Put f ( x ) = csc x f ( x) = - csc x cot x
I = e3 x ( 3 f ( x) + f ( x) ) dx
Important Integral
= e f ( x) + c
3x
Let I = tan x dx
= e3 x csc x + c sin x
= dx
cos x
Question 5(v)
Put t = cos x dt = - sin x dx
Let I = e2 x ( - sin x + 2 cos x ) dx *Correction - dt = sin x dx
= e 2 x ( 2 cos x - sin x ) dx - dt dt
So I = = -
Put f ( x ) = cos x f ( x ) = - sin x t t
= - ln t + c
So I = e 2x
( 2 f ( x) + f ( x) ) dx
= - ln cos x + c
= e2 x f ( x) + c -1
= e2 x cos x + c = ln cos x +c Q m ln x = ln x m
1
Question # 5(vi) = ln +c = ln sec x + c
cos x
xe x
Let I =
(1 + x )
2
dx tan x dx = ln sec x + c
Similarly, we have
(1 + x - 1)e x
=
cot x dx = ln
dx sin x + c
(1 + x)2
1+ x 1
= ex - 2
dx Question # 5(ix)
(1 + x) (1 + x )
2
2x
Let I = dx
1 1 1 - sin x
= ex - 2
dx
(1 + x) (1 + x) 2 x 1 + sin x
= dx
1 - sin x 1 + sin x
1
Put f ( x) = = (1 + x )-1 2 x(1 + sin x)
1+ x = dx
1 1 - sin 2 x
f ( x) = -(1 + x )-2 = - 2 x + 2 x sin x)
(1 + x) 2 = dx
cos 2 x
So I = e x ( f ( x) + f ( x) ) dx
2x 2 x sin x
= + dx
= e x f ( x) + c cos x cos x
2 2

1 =
2x
dx +
2 x sin x
= ex +c dx
1+ x cos x2
cos x cos x
= 2 x sec 2 x dx + 2 x sec x tan x dx
Question # 5(vii)
Integrating by parts
Let I = e- x ( cos x - sin x ) dx
I = 2 x tan x - tan x 1 dx
= e - x ( (-1)sin x + cos x ) dx
+ 2 x sec x - sec x (1) dx
Put f ( x ) = sin x f '( x) = cos x
= 2 x tan x - ln sec x
So I = e -x
( (-1) f ( x) + f ( x) ) dx + 2 x sec x - ln sec x + tan x + c
= e- x f ( x) + c
= 2 x tan x - 2 ln sec x
= e- x sin x + c + 2 x sec x - 2 ln sec x + tan x + c

Question # 5(viii) Question # 5(x)

m tan -1 x
Let I =
e e x (1 + x)
dx Let I = dx
1 + x2 (2 + x)2
-1 x 1
= e m tan dx e x (2 + x - 1)
1 + x2 = dx
(2 + x)2
1
Put t = tan -1 x dt = dx 2+ x 1
1 + x2 = ex - 2
dx
(2 + x) (2 + x )
2
So I = emt dt

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(
= e x (2 + x)-1 - (2 + x)-2 dx)
Put f ( x ) = (2 + x )-1 f ( x) = -(2 + x )-2
So I = e x ( f ( x) + f ( x) ) dx
= e x f ( x) + c
= e x (2 + x) -1 + c
ex
= +c
2+ x

Question # 15(xi)
1 - sin x x
Let I = e dx
1 - cos x
1 - 2sin x cos x
2 e x dx
= 2

x
2sin 2
2
2sin cos
x x
1
= - 2 2 e x dx
x x
2 sin 2 2sin 2
2 2
1 x x
= cosec2 - cot e x dx
2 2 2
x 1 x
= e x - cot + cosec2 dx
2 2 2
x x 1
Put f ( x ) = - cot f ( x ) = cosec2
2 2 2
1 x
f ( x ) = cosec2
2 2
So I = e x ( f ( x) + f ( x) )
= e x f ( x) + c
x
= e x - cot + c
2
x
= - e x cot + c .
2

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