CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

CARIBBEAN ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION

( 30 MAY 2016 (p.m.) ) 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

M1602212020

FILL IN ALL THE INFORMATION REQUESTED CLEARLY IN CAPITAL LETTERS.

TEST CODE

SUBJECT CHEMISTRY - UNIT 2 - Paper 02

PROFICIENCY ADVANCED

REGISTRATION NUMBER 1_1_1 I I_I I I I I_I

SCHOOL/CENTRE NUMBER

NAME OF SCHOOL/CENTRE

CANDIDATE'S FULL NAME (FIRST, MIDDLE, LAST)

DATE OF BIRTH I1111 I I '/ I 1 y

-
-
iiiiii

-
-
-
-
;;;;
SIGNATURE

-
iiiiii
iiiiii

-
-
!!!!!!

- L
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
0221202001 .J
 I TEST CODE 02212020 'I
FORM TP 2016169 MAY/JUNE 2016

CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

CARIBBEAN ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION

CHEMISTRY

UNIT 2 - Paper 02

2 hours 30 minutes

READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.

1. This paper consists of SIX questions in TWO sections. Answer ALL questions.

2. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

3. Do NOT write in the margins.

4. Where appropriate, ALL WORKING MUST BE SHOWN in this booklet.

5. A data booklet is provided.

6. You may use a silent, non-programmable calculator to answer questions.

7. If you need to rewrite any answer and there is not enough space to do so on the
original page, you must use the extra lined page(s) provided at the back ofthis booklet.
Remember to draw a line through your original answer.

8. If you use the extra page(s) you MUST write the question number clearly in the
box provided at the top of the extra page(s) and, where relevant, include the
question part beside the answer.

[
DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

Copyright 2015 Caribbean Examinations Council

All rights reserved.

L 02212020/CAPE 2016 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

0221202003
 -4 -

SECTION A

Answer ALL questions.

MODULE 1

THE CHEMISTRY OF CARBON COMPOUNDS

1. (a) Define the term 'structural isomerism'.

[1 mark]

(b) 60 cm3 of oxygen were mixed with 10 cm3 of a gaseous hydrocarbon, X, C x H.y After
exploding and cooling to room temperature, 40 cm3 of gas were left. On shaking with
aqueous sodium hydroxide, 10 cm3 of oxygen remained. (All measurements were made
at the same temperature and pressure.) The combustion of X can be represented by the
following equation:

CH
x y
+(x+L)O
4 2

(i) Calculate the formula of the hydrocarbon, X.

[4 marks]

(ii) Hence, write its displayed formula.

[1 mark]

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02212020/CAPE 2016

L 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
0221202004
 -5-

(c) There are four alcohols with the molecular formula C4HlOO. The formulae for two of them
are:

CH3CHzCHzCHzOH and CH3CHzCHOHCH3

Butan-I-ol Butan-2-o1

(i) Write the name and displayed formula for EACH of the other two alcohols.

Displayed Formula Displayed Formula

Name: Name: .

[2 marks]

(ii) When butan-2-ol is heated with phosphoric acid, a mixture ofalkenes is produced.
One of these alkenes exhibits isomerism.

Write the names and displayed formulae of the two isomers of this alkene.

Displayed Formula Displayed Formula

Name: Name: .

[2 marks]

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02212020/CAPE 2016

L 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
0221202005
 -6-

(d) Table 1 shows two pairs of compounds. Complete the table by describing simple laboratory
tests to distinguish between EACH pair of compounds.

TABLE 1: DISTINGUISHING COMPOUNDS

Compound Test Observation

CH3CH(OH)CH3

CH3CH2CHpH

[2 marks) [1 mark)

CH3CH(OH)CH3

CH3CCH3(OH)CH3

[1 mark) [1 mark)

[5 marks)

Total 15 marks

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02212020/CAPE 2016

L 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
0221202006
 -7-

MODULE 2

ANALYTICAL METHODS AND SEPARATION TECHNIQUES

2. (a) Explain the origin of infrared (IR) absorption by compounds.

[3 marks)

(b) State the properties of compounds which absorb IR radiation.

[2 marks)

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02212020/CAPE 2016

f-_-_-_-_-_-:_-
L 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
0221202007
~::~:::::::::::
1---------
1.-.-.-_--------
 -8-

(c) The IR spectrum of an organic compound, Y, has major absorption peaks in the regions
3350-3500 cm-1 and 1680-1800 cm-1 respectively. Y has a relative molecular mass of75
and forms an aqueous solution which is neutral.

(i) Identify the groups responsible for the above absorptions.

[2 marks]

(ii) State the name of Compound Y and draw its displayed formula.

Name: .
[1 mark]

Displayed Formula

[2 marks]

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02212020/CAPE 2016
III
L 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
0221202008
 - 9-

(d) Describe the steps taken in the preparation of a solid sample for IR analysis.

[4 marks]

(e) State ONE limitation oflR spectroscopy .

..---:_-.-.-.-.

[1 mark]

Total 15 marks

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

022 I2020/CAPE 2016

L 11111111111111111111111111111111
0221202009
11111 11111111111111111111111
 MODULE 3

INDUSTRY AND THE ENVIRONMENT

3. (a) Sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide are toxic compounds and if allowed to escape during
the Contact Process can cause acid rain. Write an equation to represent the formation of
acid rain by ONE of these compounds.

[2 marks]

(b) Outline TWO ways in which other industrial chemicals lead to water pollution.

[2 marks]

(c) Explain how a named pollutant affects

(i) the quality of water for human consumption

[2 marks]

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02212020/CAPE 2016

L 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
0221202010 ..J
 - 11 -

(ii) the aquatic environment.

[2 marks]

(d) (i) Complete Table 2 by outlining simple laboratory tests that would confirm the
presence of Pb2+ and N03- in a sample of water.

TABLE 2: CONFIRMATORY TESTS

Ion Test Observation

Pb2+

(1 mark) (1 mark)
NO-3

(2 marks) (1 mark)

[5 marks]

(ii) Write the ionic equation to represent the test on Pb2+ in Table 2.

[2 marks]

Total 15 marks

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

022 12020/CAPE 2016

,---------::.
L 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111II
0221202011
 - 12 -

SECTIONB

Answer ALL questions.

MODULE!

THE CHEMISTRY OF CARBON COMPOUNDS

4. The following diagram represents some of the reactions of benzene.

N02

@ @ E
III
< II
@
llV Benzene

[ ] x
-----
PhenollOH
....
" Dye

Br

(a) State the type of reaction labelled I and IV.

Reaction I:

Reaction IV:

[2 marks]

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02212020/CAPE 2016

L 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
0221202012
 - 13 -

(b) List the reagents and conditions required for Reactions II and IV.

Reaction II

Reagents: .

Conditions: .

Reaction IV

Reagents: .

Conditions: .
[4 marks]

(c) Draw the displayed formula for Compound X.

[1 mark]

(d) Outline the mechanism for Reaction I using curved arrows to indicate the movement of
electrons, being careful to identify the various steps involved.

[4 marks]
GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE
02212020/CAPE 2016

L 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111I
0221202013 .J
 -14- --,

(e) Write the structural formula for the products formed when phenol is treated with

(i) aqueous bromine

(ii) sodium hydroxide

(iii) ethanoyl chloride.

[3 marks]

(f) Write the equation for the reaction in (e) (iii).

[1 mark]

Total 15 marks
GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE
02212020/CAPE 2016

L 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
0221202014
 - 15 -

MODULE 2

ANALYTICAL METHODS AND SEPARATION TECHNIQUES

5. (a) (i) State Raoult's law for an ideal mixture of two liquids.

[2 marks]

(ii) List TWO characteristics of an ideal solution.

[2 marks]

(b) A and B are components of a liquid which forms an azeotropic mixture.

(i) Define the term 'azeotropic mixture'.

[1 mark)

(ii) State ONE reason why azeotropes are NOT compounds.

[1 mark]

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02212020/CAPE 2016

L 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 ""11""
0221202015
1111111'
.J
 - 16 -

(iii) The following graph shows the composition ofa minimum boiling point mixture .

...
...=
=~
Co

=
===
M

100% Composition X 100%

A B

Using the graph, explain clearly the result of distilling a mixture of

Composition X as indicated.

[6 marks)

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02212020/CAPE 2016

L 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
0221202016
 - 17 -

(c) An aqueous solution contains 2.5 g of a compound in 50 cm3 of solution. The partition
coefficient of the compound between water and an organic solvent is 0.200.

Calculate the mass of the compound extracted by shaking 100 cm3 of aqueous solution
with 25 cm3 of the solvent.

[3 marks)

Total 15 marks

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02212020/CAPE 2016

L 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 III'
0221202017 .J
 - 18 -

MODULE 3

INDUSTRY AND THE ENVIRONMENT

6. (a) (i) Describe the process involved in the production of aluminium from alumina.
(Include appropriate equations.)

[4 marks]

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02212020/CAPE 2016

L 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
0221202018 .J
 - 19-

(ii) State the effect of the production of oxygen on the process.

[1 mark)

(iii) Write an equation to represent the effect in (a) (ii).

[1 mark)

(b) Suggest THREE factors which would influence the location of a bauxite plant.

[3 marks)

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02212020/CAPE 2016

L 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
0221202019

l-" _-::.-:_-_-

l":' _-_-_-_-_-_-_-_
 - 20 -

(c) (i) Define the term 'recycling'.

[1 mark)

(ii) Describe how aluminum is recycled.

[2 marks)

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02212020/CAPE 2016

L 11111111111111111111111111111111
0221202020
11111 111111111111111 11111111
o .. _---
__ ~ __ ._. -----~
, _

- 21 -

~:::f:::~::- (d) Suggest THREE ways in which recycled aluminium can be used.
-- ~- - .
-----~--
..... ---. ._-----
_ .
~
0- _:_. _-: __ :_

~:::::::~:::
~--- , ---::;B:---
,Sf~--~~--
S:::[:::&:::
:~~~:
~:~~::~
:k.t::
~_ :::i;;.i:::
-~- ...

S:-_,:-:S:-:
~rf~~~~~~~
~III~\I
~:-:':-:~:-:

~~~~q~:I
... ~-- -------

.----: :m-----:.-
.. -_. ----
. - - - -
- - - --
-- -,---
:-:_-::::::~:::
:~i~
~ImI~
~~~~
~~f~~~~
[3 marks]
11111
~::: :::is:::: Total 15 marks
~::: ::::~:::
. ---- ---
-~-- --
~
..:.-:- -:---_:-.:-
_

~::::::~:::
~::::::Q:::
------ ---_.--
... _--
...._--- -------
--------
_--
::::_-.-
-------
---------~-~-:

0 __ _

.....
.... _.-
.... ------- .
----_._
-----_.
END OF TEST

IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON TillS TEST.

... _-_.
.._--- -------
-----_.- 02212020/CAPE 2016

L 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
0221202021

f:-:-:-:-:- -:-:-:-:-:-:-:-
r:::_-_-. -~-_-.-_-_-_._-
 - 22-

EXTRA SPACE

If you use this extra page, you MUST write the question number clearly in the box provided.

Question No. D

02212020/CAPE 2016

L 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
0221202022