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  • An Introduction To GCC - Compiling Multiple Source Files

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    priya
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    The document discusses splitting a program called "Hello World" into multiple source files - main.c, hello_fn.c, and a header file hello.h. The main.c file contains the main function and calls an external function hello defined in hello_fn.c. The hello_fn.c file contains the implementation of the hello function which prints a message. The hello.h file contains the function prototype. The files can be compiled together into a single executable using the gcc compiler. When run, the program prints "Hello, world!" as before.

    Original Description:

    Multiple file compilation

    Original Title

    An Introduction to GCC - Compiling Multiple Source Files

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    The document discusses splitting a program called "Hello World" into multiple source files - main.c, hello_fn.c, and a header file hello.h. The main.c file contains the main function and calls an external function hello defined in hello_fn.c. The hello_fn.c file contains the implementation of the hello function which prints a message. The hello.h file contains the function prototype. The files can be compiled together into a single executable using the gcc compiler. When run, the program prints "Hello, world!" as before.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    61 views2 pages

    An Introduction To GCC - Compiling Multiple Source Files

    Uploaded by

    priya
    The document discusses splitting a program called "Hello World" into multiple source files - main.c, hello_fn.c, and a header file hello.h. The main.c file contains the main function and calls an external function hello defined in hello_fn.c. The hello_fn.c file contains the implementation of the hello function which prints a message. The hello.h file contains the function prototype. The files can be compiled together into a single executable using the gcc compiler. When run, the program prints "Hello, world!" as before.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    OnlineGuides <<<previous tableofcontents next>>>


    AllGuides
    eBookStore
    iOS/Android
    LinuxforBeginners
    2.3Compilingmultiplesourcefiles
    OfficeProductivity
    LinuxInstallation Aprogramcanbesplitupintomultiplefiles.Thismakesiteasiertoeditandunderstand,
    LinuxSecurity especiallyinthecaseoflargeprogramsitalsoallowstheindividualpartstobecompiled
    LinuxUtilities independently.
    LinuxVirtualization
    LinuxKernel InthefollowingexamplewewillsplituptheprogramHelloWorldintothreefiles:'main.c',
    System/Network 'hello_fn.c'andtheheaderfile'hello.h'.Hereisthemainprogram'main.c':
    Admin
    Programming #include"hello.h"
    ScriptingLanguages
    DevelopmentTools
    WebDevelopment int
    GUIToolkits/Desktop main(void)
    Databases {
    MailSystems hello("world");
    openSolaris return0;
    EclipseDocumentation }
    Techotopia.com
    Virtuatopia.com
    Theoriginalcalltotheprintfsystemfunctioninthepreviousprogram'hello.c'hasbeen
    replacedbyacalltoanewexternalfunctionhello,whichwewilldefineinaseparatefile
    HowToGuides
    Virtualization
    'hello_fn.c'.
    GeneralSystemAdmin
    LinuxSecurity Themainprogramalsoincludestheheaderfile'hello.h'whichwillcontainthedeclaration
    LinuxFilesystems ofthefunctionhello.Thedeclarationisusedtoensurethatthetypesoftheargumentsand
    WebServers returnvaluematchupcorrectlybetweenthefunctioncallandthefunctiondefinition.Weno
    Graphics&Desktop longerneedtoincludethesystemheaderfile'stdio.h'in'main.c'todeclarethefunction
    PCHardware
    printf,sincethefile'main.c'doesnotcallprintfdirectly.
    Windows
    ProblemSolutions
    Thedeclarationin'hello.h'isasinglelinespecifyingtheprototypeofthefunctionhello:

    voidhello(constchar*name);

    Thedefinitionofthefunctionhelloitselfiscontainedinthefile'hello_fn.c':


    #include<stdio.h>
    #include"hello.h"

    void
    hello(constchar*name)
    {
    printf("Hello,%s!\n",name);
    }

    Thisfunctionprintsthemessage"Hello,name!"usingitsargumentasthevalueofname.

    Incidentally,thedifferencebetweenthetwoformsoftheincludestatement#include
    "FILE.h"and#include<FILE.h>isthattheformersearchesfor'FILE.h'inthecurrent
    directorybeforelookinginthesystemheaderfiledirectories.Theincludestatement#include
    <FILE.h>searchesthesystemheaderfiles,butdoesnotlookinthecurrentdirectoryby
    default.

    Tocompilethesesourcefileswithgcc,usethefollowingcommand:

    $gccWallmain.chello_fn.conewhello

    Inthiscase,weusetheooptiontospecifyadifferentoutputfilefortheexecutable,
    'newhello'.Notethattheheaderfile'hello.h'isnotspecifiedinthelistoffilesonthe
    commandline.Thedirective#include"hello.h"inthesourcefilesinstructsthecompilerto
    includeitautomaticallyattheappropriatepoints.

    Toruntheprogram,typethepathnameoftheexecutable:

    $./newhello
    Hello,world!

    Allthepartsoftheprogramhavebeencombinedintoasingleexecutablefile,which
    producesthesameresultastheexecutablecreatedfromthesinglesourcefileusedearlier.
    <<<previous tableofcontents next>>>


    PublishedunderthetermsoftheGNUGeneralPublicLicense DesignbyInterspire

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