Individual Report: Energy Efficient Triple EB Kart

Introduction
The large majority of today's cars and trucks travel by using internal combustion
engines that burn gasoline or other fossil fuels. The process of burning gasoline
to power cars and trucks contributes to air pollution by releasing a variety of
emissions into the atmosphere. Emissions that are released directly into the
atmosphere from the tailpipes of cars and trucks are the primary source of
vehicular pollution. But motor vehicles also pollute the air during the processes
of manufacturing, refuelling, and from the emissions associated with oil refining
and distribution of the fuel they burn. Primary pollution from motor vehicles is
pollution that is emitted directly into the atmosphere, whereas secondary
pollution results from chemical reactions between pollutants after they have
been released into the air.

Air pollution is a major health threat. While the convenience of having a car
cannot be denied, smog from internal combustion engines adds to air pollutants.
People have become too complacent with lifes comforts and luxuries that
alternative ways have been overlooked to reach a destination by other means if
only to reduce combustion pollutants in harmful amounts.

In modern living, its common for families to own more than one car. One of the
urgent cries of the natural environment is the overdose of air pollution such as
smog, dust, fumes, combustion pollutants and exhaust from commercial plants.
Unfortunately, fossil fuel combustion that occurs in motor vehicles has been
identified as the largest contributor to air pollution in some urban cities.

Hence, transportation is one of the fundamental components of the globalised

economy, allowing the circulation of goods and people and the associated social
exchanges. Moreover, by reducing the constraints on individuals movement, it is
also associated with the universal value of freedom. In most countries, including
the Philippines, road transport remains the dominant mode of transport. Indeed,
passenger cars can be considered as emblematic of mobility freedom, since they
ideally provide individuals with the greatest degree of independence and
flexibility. Governments around the world, however, are committed to reducing
reliance on foreign energy imports; to decarbonise society in an effort to limit
human induced climate change; to improve the air quality in cities and generally
increase the sustainability of urban environments given the rate of increase in
urbanisation.

Throughout modern times we have witnessed much advancement in technology.

These advancements are results of research and data collected about our world
and society, helping us to better understand the most efficient ways we can
work. With this increased knowledge, we have become more aware of the
footprint humans leave on the environment. In an effort to better our
environment, with this knowledge we have become a more environmentally
conscious world. First, one major advancement we have seen in environmentally
friendly technology includes the electric vehicle. Electric vehicles have brought
about many advantages and impacts including; decreased emissions, minimal
gas usage, and increased safety.
 Individual Report: Energy Efficient Triple EB Kart

Electric vehicles assist with emissions released into the air by traditional modes
of 2transportation. Car emissions have been attributed to global warming and the
deterioration of a healthy atmosphere. With more drivers purchasing electric
vehicles, we have been able to decrease these harmful emissions. By using
electricity or a combination of electricity and gas, electric vehicles operate with
fewer pollutants. Although the environmentally beneficial

factors that come into play with electric vehicles, drivers always enjoy the
advantage of minimal gas usage. Electric vehicles rely only on electric power to
operate.

In addition to the environmental and monetary benefits of electric vehicles, it is

also safer automobiles. Crash tests of traditional cars compared to electric
vehicles show the difference in safety. The fluid batteries featured in low
emission transportation handle impact better than that of the battery found in a
gas-powered car.

The Sui Generis Engineering Company together with its stakeholders designed
the Triple E B-Kart which stands for Energy Efficient Electric Bamboo Kart, a
newly transportation vehicle encouraged by the companys first project
proposals, the Bamboo Trike and the Energy Efficient Go kart. Merging the both
these ideas are in line with the Companys mission which is dedicated to
economic and environment friendly innovations with a very strong consideration
of the latest technological trends in renewable energy. Our company dedicates
the EB Kart among the students of University of the East Caloocan Campus.

With the knowledge of modern society, there is no reason why we should not all
be doing everything we can to better our environment. Electric Bamboo Kart,
have immense advantages and impacts that make for a savvy choice in vehicles.
With decreased emissions, minimal gas usage, and increased safety, the EB Kart
vehicle is surely a smart consideration for purchase.

Statement of the Problem

Primary pollution from motor vehicles is pollution that is emitted directly into the
atmosphere, whereas secondary pollution results from chemical reactions
between pollutants after they have been released into the air. Too much carbon
emission coming from the vehicles cause by the incomplete combustion of the
engine can affect the individuals health, thats why Sui Generis Engineering
Company decides to design and fabricate the newly recreated vehicle called the
Triple EB-Kart which can reduce the continuous emission of carbon deposit
coming from the different vehicles around the world.

Methodology
This section presents the methods on how the data from the experiment are
gathered and analysed. It also explains how the Triple EB-Kart will be fabricated.
 Individual Report: Energy Efficient Triple EB Kart

Some figures will be shown to be able to elaborate the concept and the design of
3 project.
the

This research will use an experimental research type of methodology.

Experimental research describes the process that a researcher undergoes of
controlling certain variables and manipulating others to observe if the results of
the experiment reflect that the manipulations directly caused the particular
outcome. This type of research differs from a descriptive study, and another one
of its important aspects is the use of random assignment.

Project Components

CHASSIS- The chassis must have sufficient strength to resist impact load, twist,
vibrations and other bending stresses. The main frame of the chassis is made of
bamboo. Bamboos possess characteristics that make them suitable as a building
material. They are known to have high flexure strength and high resistance to
bending stress. This give bamboos enormous superiority compared to other
brittle materials which are resistant to compressive force yet weak to bending
force. Some parts of the chassis will be made of metal because the chassis will
occasionally be subjected to torsional stress. Therefore, to avoid the early
wearing of the bamboo caused by torsional stress the bamboo will be reinforced
with metal bars.

STEERING-The parts of the steering system are mainly: steering wheel, steering
box (rack and pinion gear), axle beam and tire rods. The mechanism of the
steering wheel is based on the concept of the rack and pinion gear. When the
steering wheel is spun, the shaft end (pinion gear) connected to the steering box
(rack gear) will rotate, then the steering rods and joint follows the motion which
in effect, allows the turning of the wheels to the desired angle.
 Individual Report: Energy Efficient Triple EB Kart

BRAKES- The brakes will be used is a drum brake coming from E-bikes and the
brakes will be connected to a regenerative system in order to conserve energy of
the batteries.

SUSPENSION- Suspension is composed of spring connected to the chassis of

the go kart. In the projects design, the suspension springs are connected to the
main shaft of the go kart which is located at the rear and front sides of the go
kart. Suspension is used as a damper or shock receiver when driving in an
uneven terrain for comfort driving and steering.

BATTERIES- the batteries to be used will be coming from the battery of E- bikes
and it will be connected in a series connection to be able to produce higher
power and high starting speed for the Kart.
 Individual Report: Energy Efficient Triple EB Kart

LIGHTING SYSTEM-A 12 volt L.E.D. light containing both high and low beams
will be used as the karts headlight. It will be controlled by a single-pole double-
throw (SPDT) switch that can turn the headlight to high beam, to low beam, or off
as desired.

MOTOR SYSTEM- one 800 watts hub motor is mounted on the back of the Kart
to push it. This motor is wired to the motor controllers. The hub motor and the
controllers have to be purchased from the same manufacturer to ensure the
compatibility of these devices. The controller draws power from the battery pack
for the purpose of power distribution, power regulation and maintenance of all
the systems related to it. Moreover, the battery pack is composed of four 12V -
20AH batteries and is connected in series to produce an estimated rating of 48V
- 20AH
 Individual Report: Energy Efficient Triple EB Kart

Table 1.0: Materials for Structural Design

Price Total Cost

Material Specification Required
(Php per piece) (Php)
3 inches diameter x 20
400 2 800
feet
Bamboo
2 inches diameter x 20
80 2 160
feet
x 1inch 3.5mm
300 1 300
Angle Bar
x 6 meters
Metal 395 1 395
I Bars
10 mm x 6 meters
320 1 320
Plain Bar
Nuts and Bolts 3 inches 9 30 270
90/65-6.5 Tubeless
Tire 300 2 600
Rough Road Tire
Wheels Glendale Front Wheel 780 2 1,560
Mirrors Side and Rear View 150 1 150
PVC Elbow 2 inches 20 15 300
Total Cost for Structural 4,855
Table 2.0: Materials for Mechanical Design

Price Total Cost

Material Specification Required
(Php per piece) (Php)
4 feet x 8 feet 0.9mm
980 245
G.I. Sheet
Metal Sheet
4 feet x 8 feet 0.9mm
765 191.25
MS Plate
Front Shock 700 2 1,400
Shock Absorbers
Rear Shock 250 2 500
 Individual Report: Energy Efficient Triple EB Kart

48 Volts 800 Watts Hub

7 Motor Motor 5800 2 11,600
With Drum Brake
Total Cost for Mechanical 13,936.25

Table 3.0: Materials for Architectural Design

Price Total Cost

Material Specification Required
(Php per piece) (Php)
Flexi Glass 4 feet x 8 feet 350 3 1,050
G.I. Wire # 16 44 2 88
Total Cost for Architectural 1,138

Table 4.0: Materials for Electrical Design

Price Total Cost

Material Specification Required
(Php per piece) (Php)
Solar Panel 20 Watts 950 2 1,900
Key Set Idaho 350 1 350
Single Speed with
Throttle 350 1 350
Reversed
Instrumentation Panel 600 1 600
Battery Displayer 280 1 280
Electric Bicycle Driver 48 Volts 800 Watts 3000 2 6,000
Battery 12 Volts 20 AH 1580 4 6,320
Four Battery
Battery Case 300 1 300
Compartment
Stranded Wire 20 meters 320 1 320
Spiral Wire Wrapping
15mm x 10 meters 220 1 220
Band
Shrinking Tubes 1 meter J-HST- 1.5 15 4 60
Rear 350 1 350
Lights Front 350 1 350
Signal 350 1 350
Horn 12 Volts 100 1 100
Battery Charger 60 Volts 20AH 900 1 900
Brake Lever Brake Lever Pair 350 1 350
Switches Handle Switch 180 1 180
Brake Cable Rear and Front 130 2 260
DC Breaker 250 1 250
Total Cost for Electrical 19,790

Table 5.0: Miscellaneous Materials

 Individual Report: Energy Efficient Triple EB Kart

Total Cost
8 Material
(Php)
Print outs
Photocopies
Binders
Transportation
Total Cost for Miscellaneous Materials 2,000

Table 6.0: Total Estimated Cost of the Triple E B-Kart

Total Cost
Triple E B-Kart
(Php)
Structural 4,855
Mechanical 13,936.25
Architectural 1,138
Electrical 19,790
Miscellaneous 2,000
Labor 8,000
Total Estimated Cost for Triple E B-Kart 49,719.25

Data and results

Testing Observations

1ST TEST DRIVE The Kart shows impressive speed but

the steering is not yet fixed to handle
the movement of the Kart hence, it is
limited to move forward and backward.

2ND TEST DRIVE After installing the steering mechanism

we try to operate the kart and the test
was held outside of the machine shop
the initial speed was 10kph, it gives us
a minimal problem regarding on the
connection of the rear wheels and fork
it was accidentally detached and that
lead us for the changes in the design of
 Individual Report: Energy Efficient Triple EB Kart

the fork.
9

3RD TEST DRIVE The test was held outside the machine
shop with the complete accessories and
hood installed the starting speed was
also 10kph but when the Kart passed to
uneven road failure on the fork
occurred that made us again
refabricate the fork and the metal
frame as well. The main steering was
also changed.

Top View of the Kart with Specific Dimensions

Figure 1

The Isometric View of the Kart

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Figure 1.2

The Side View of the Kart with Dimensions

Figure 1.3

The Placement of Accessories of the Kart

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Figure 2

The Bamboo Chassis

Figure 2.2

The Metal Frame for Support of the Chassis

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Figure 2.3
The Hood of the Kart with Dimensions

Figure 2.4
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Discussion
Nowadays, the environment pollution is one of the major challenges to the world
and well-developed nations, such as the Philippines, confront the problem of the
consistent deterioration of the environmental situation. The world is changing
quickly, and what looked like a science-fiction fantasy and it is gradually
becoming our current reality. It seems that progress spreads to all spheres of
humanitys life, but one of the most amazing breakthroughs has been achieved
in energy recently. About two decades ago, it appeared there was no effective
alternative to the conventional fossil fuels such as gasoline and oil, but it turned
out that there is a better, cleaner, and more effective substitute to them that is
electricity. Although electric engines are not so widespread, more and more
people consider changing their gasoline-fuelled vehicles to electric cars. And this
choice is more than reasonable.

The Sui Generis Engineering Company diverge in the engineering service in a

way it initiates its ideas as it is committed to become the primary distributor of
economical, and environment friendly automotive without compromising quality
performance and accessibility of related products and services in the Philippines.
The term Sui Generis is derived from the Latin language which means The
unique one and its slogan is Driving Ideas to Reality. The Sui Generis
Engineering Company provides its dearly customer the expertise of the
company in automotive engineering, quality services and innovated
technological advancements for the sole purpose of satisfying customer welfare.
(Sui Generis, 2nd Progress Report, 2017).

In addition, the main purpose of our company is to design and fabricate an

environmental friendly and energy efficient vehicle that can be used by the
students of University of the East-Caloocan. Hence, it can be used for public
transportation, workplaces and so on. Our company decides to make an electric
vehicle that incorporates a design which utilizes bamboo as its chassis and an
electrical powered motor equipped with various energy renewing systems. The
bamboo is treated to endure wearing due to moisture and to increase the kart
strength.
 Individual Report: Energy Efficient Triple EB Kart

Finally, Sui Generis decided to merge the two proposed plans to become more
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innovative vehicle in our modernized world. It is basically a type of automobile
which uses electric motor rather than the gasoline engine for impulsion or
forward motion, while the EB-Kart is basically power driven by electricity it can
be used by the people for transportation purposes. The Bamboo is used for the
chassis, treating the bamboo with the right substance will produce a hard, tough,
and smooth bamboo that provides its driver comfortability. The bamboo is
connected to the metal frame to support the chassis. The chassis comprised with
the hallow square bars, PVC pipes, and U-bolts in accordance to its structural
designed. Our company encountered some problems while fabricating the
chassis, first is that the diameters of the bamboos were uneven, secondly the
connection of each bamboos together and lastly the connection of the metal
from prior to the bamboo. The fabrication team finished the proposed project
while having those critical days; it is done correctly with the help of the
fabrication head Mr. Eric and specially the whole company members.

Recommendation
The proposed project of our company entitled; Triple EB-Kart, Sui Generis needs
to improve the design planning, availability of the materials, team works,
discussion of the stated project and creativity level. This project needs an extra
battery during long transportation, since it is designed for actual road or even
rough road the bamboo chassis must be fitted to the metal frame connected to
it. The steering mechanism must be change prior to the as built designed. Hand
breaks or foot breaks should install correctly for the safeness of the driver.

Conclusion
After careful consideration, I think electricity is the perfect substitute for oil and
gasoline consuming vehicles and it is great that we can lower the pollution at the
same time. It is time to consider it necessary to produce varied types of electric
vehicles. Electric vehicles need to become commercially available so people can
choose between electric or other options. According to the survey I did, there is a
demand for EV but the supply is very poor.

We, the Sui Generis Engineering Company, living in the Philippines are blessed
with resource that can be used to produce electric power and Eco-Friendly
materials. Now is defiantly the time because electric vehicles are back in fashion,
they are greener and cheaper to run than petrol- or diesel cars. The speed is
similar and the battery lifetime is good and always getting better. My conclusion
is that electric vehicles have much to offer and I am positive it is going to be a
big part of our future.
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UNIVERSITY OF THE EAST

COLLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
CALOOCAN CAMPUS
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

Individual Report for Energy Efficient Electric Bamboo Kart

(Triple E B-Kart)

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE

REQUIREMENTS IN
M.E. ELECTIVE II AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING
NME 423 1ME
 Individual Report: Energy Efficient Triple EB Kart

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SUBMITTED BY:

ALLANA, CHRISTIAN D.

SUBMITTED TO:

ENGR. MARK RIVERA

MARCH 20, 2017