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Balance and physical impairments after stroke, Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1999 30:1227-33, ‘2.Mayo NE, Korer-Bitensky N, Kaizer F. Relationship between ‘response time and falls among stoke patients undergoing physical, rehabilitation Int J Rebabil Res 1950:13:47-55. 4 Nyberg L, Gaston Y. Using the Downton Index to prec hose ‘prone to fallin stoke rehabilitation. Stroke 1996:271821-4 4, Overt PW, Falls fer stokes. BMI 198;11:745. 5 Sackley CM. Falls, sway, and symmetry of weight bearing after stroke, It Disabil Stud 1991 13:14 6-Tinets ME, Richman D, Powell L. Falls efficacy as a measure of fear of faling. J Gerontol 1990:45 239.43, 1.Tineti ME, Powell. Fear of fling and low sel-tBieacy: A ease of dependence in the elderly persons J Geronto}1998.48:35 8 8 Vetlas By, Wayne SJ, Romero LJ, Baumgartner RN, Gasry PJ Fear of filling ad restriction of mobily in eldzly fle. Age Ageing 1997,26:189-95. 9.Chander IM, Duncan PW, Sanders L, Stdeaski SA. The fear of ling syndrome: Relationship to falls, physical performance, and seis of diy living in sil older persons, Top Geriatr Rehabil 199615563. 10. Powell LE, Myers AM. The Actives specific Blance Confidence (HO) Seale. J Gerontol A Biol Sei Med Sct 1995:808:M28.34, 1. Myers AM, Powell LE, Mski BE, Holiday PJ, Brawley LR, Sherk LW. Psychological indicators of balance confidence: Relationship 'o actual and perceived abilities. J Gerontol A Bil Sei Med Sci 1996:5ENB7-43, 12. Myers AM, Fletcher PC, Myers AH, Sherk W. Diseriminative and cvauative properties ofthe Activites-speeitic Balance Confidence (ABC) Seale, J Gerontol A Biol Set Me Sci 1998:53.M287-94 15.Bandora A. Seletcaey: Toward 2 unifying theory of behavioral Wactal. change, Psychol Rey 197784:191-215. 14 Fletcher PC, Hinds JP. Resection in stv associated with fear ‘of fllng among, community-based seniors using homecare ser ces Age Ageing 2004;33:273-9, 15. Wilson MM, Miller DK, Andstsoo EM, Malimstrom TK, Miller P, Wolinsky FD. ear of falling and slated activity restriction among middle-aged ican Americans. J Gerontol A Biol Sei Med Sei 2005:40385-00. 16 Cumming RG, Salkeld G, Thomas M, Szony G. Prospective study ofthe impact of fear of fling on atv of dally living, SF-26 cores, and nursing home admission. J Gerontol A Biol Sct Med ‘Sei 2000;55:M299:305, 17. Sullivan MD, LaCroix AZ, Russo J, Katon WA, Self-efficacy and selfrepored funetional status in coronary heart disease: A sx month prospective study. Psychosom Med 1998;60:173-8, 18 Helston K, Lindmark B, Fear of falling in patents with stoke: A reliability st: Clin Rehabil 1999:1300-17, 19, Hellstrom K, Nilsson L,Fugl-Meyer A. Relationship of confidence in uk performance with balance and motor futon afer soko Physiother Theory Pract 200151755 6. 20.Helisvom K, Lindmark B, Pugl-Meyer AR. The Falls-Eticcy Scale, Swedish version: Does i reflect clinically meaningful ‘changes after stoke? Disabil Rehabil 20022847181 21, Hellstrom K, Lindmark B, Wablberg B, Fugl-Meyer AR. Self cffcay in relation to impsimen and actives of daily living di ability in elderly patients with stroke: A prospective investigation. {Rehabil Med 200335:2002-7. 22.Roaén F, Sunnerhagen KS, Kreuter M, Fear of fallin, balance, and gait velocity inpatients with stroke, Physiother Theory Pract 2008:21:113-20 23,Salbach NM, Mayo NE, Robchaud-EksrandS, Hanley JA, Riche ads CL, Wood-Dauphinee S, Balance slfeffieacy and is tele- ‘vance to physical function and perceived health tas after sok. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2006:87:364-70. 24, Pang MY, Eng J}, Miller WC. Determinants of satisfocton with ‘community reintegration in older dats with chronic stroke: Role of balance self-efficacy: Phys Ther 20078728291. 25.Mille WC, Deathe AB, Specehley M. Psychometric properties ofthe Activities speciic Balance Confidence Seale among indi viduals witha lower limb amputation. Arch Phys Med! Rehabil 2008845566. 26, Botner EM, Miller WC, Eng JJ. Measurement properties ofthe Activities-specitic Balance Confidence Scale among individuals with stoke. Disabil Rehabil 208:27:156-63, 27, Parry SW, Stoo N, Galloway SR, Kenny RA, Bond J Fall and confidence related quality of life outcome measures in an older itsh cohort Postgrad Med J 2001:77:103-8 28.van Heuvelen MI, Hochstenbach J, de Gre? MH, Brouwer WH, ‘Mulder, Scerder Es the Activiies-peciic Balance Confidence ‘Scale suitable for Dutch older persons living inthe community? 243IPT 2008;33(4):239-245, ‘Tijdschr Gerontol Geriatr 20086: 146-54 28.Hlsu PC, Miller WC, Reliability of the Chinese versio of the Aetivites-specific Balance Confidence Scale. Disabil Rebail 12006; 28:1287-92, 30.Mak MK, Lau AL, Law FS, Cheung CC, Wong IS. Validation ofthe Chinese uanlated Actviiesspecife Balance Confidence Sk GAS EAT DER FS TSARDR EATS AMZ ORT ORE AAORRERDAARAE ERMA + tt AIR 0% ~ 100% REE » 0 RERIEL + 100% RA BHD Se ey Ere? spice boowere?_ OF RRRNOMB? IRR IDA 7 ET Em ? aH? APNE tFm?_ 10) eA ee cetera ue Rae? 12. #emeMEOHER MT? 13, ARERR ABER? —_% 14 REF EHE ? =< 15, ATR BAR 2 244 Scale. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007:88:96-503. 531. Andresea EM. Criteria for astessing the tole Woet al ry out ‘comes research, Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2000;81515-20 32. Weiner EA, Stewart Assessing individual Brown: 1984, Boston: LittleFIPT 2008;33(4):239-245 Wu eral Test-retest Reliability of the Chinese Version of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale in Individuals with Stroke Ying Wu' Shine-YiChiou' Ray-Yau Wang’? Yea-Ru Yang’ Background and Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to examine the test-retest reliability of the Chinese version of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale in individuals with stroke. Methods: We recruited 13 patients with chronic stroke who lived in the ‘community and could walk independently. The Chinese version of ABC scale was administered twice by the same physical therapist for each subject. Cronbach’s a was used to examine the internal consistency, and intra-class cortelation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the level of ‘agreement between test and retest. Results: Final test items of this scale showed high internal consistency with a Cronbach’s a1 coefficients of 0.96. The ICC was 0.94 (95% CI=.83-0.98), indicating excellent test-retest reliability. Conclusions: The results show that the Chinese ver- sion of the ABC scale had high internal consistency and excellent test-retest reliability. t means that the Chinese version of the ABC has demonstrated acceptable measurement properties in patients with chronic stroke. (FIPT 2008;33(4):239-245) Key Words: Stroke, Balance confidence, Test-retest reliability Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University Ti * Department of Education and Reseach, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan » Section of Physical Therapy, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Correspondence to: Yea-Ru Yang, Department of Physical Therapy 155, See 2, Li:Nong St. Shit TEL: 02-28267279 E-mail: yryang@ymedu.w Received: February 13, 2008 Revised: May 8, 2008 Accepted: June 6, 2008 Taiwan nd Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, No Taped, Taiwan, 245