THERMAL INSULATION FOR

ROLE OF T HERMAL BUILDINGS

INSULAT ION IN BUILDINGS
INDIA IS A TROPICAL COUNTRY
v Ambient Temp varying from 25 Deg.C TO 45
A TECHNICAL PRESENTATION BY Deg.C and in some places even 50 Deg.C
v Winter Temp varying from 20 TO 100C and in
LLOYD INSULA TIONS (INDIA ) LTD some places even Sub Zero Temperatures.
v High Humidity v ary ing f rom 60 to 98 Percent

THERMAL INSULATION FOR THERMAL INSULAT ION OF

BUILDINGS BUILDINGS

HIGH AMBIENT & HIGH HUMIDITY RESULT IN

Uncomfortable working Conditions

Typical Buildings in India
v Lower Productivity

THERMAL INSULATION FOR THERMAL INSULATION FOR

BUILDINGS BUILDINGS

ROOF CONSTRUCTION Walls are Usually 125mm to 225mm Brickwall

With Plaster
v Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) in 100mm to
150mm
v Pre-cast Roof Element having low Thermal v To Cater to the Building Load and Wind Load
resistance and Finished With Water Proofing
v With Windows /Glazing resulting in Heat Ingress

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 THERMAL INSULATION FOR THERMAL INSULATION FOR
BUILDINGS BUILDINGS

ROOF OF BUILDINGS
v Receive the maximum amount of Radiant heat
v Allow large quantities of heat to enter the
Building Envelope
Resulting in:
v Increase in temperature inside the Buildings
v .Inside Temperature is likely to go above than the
Outside Ambient
v Higher Air Conditioning Loads and increased
running time of the Compressors
v Higher Energy cost

THERMAL INS ULA TION

THERMAL INSULATION FOR
BUILDINGS FOR BUILDINGS
Building Energy Consumption

High Heat Incid ence and Lo w Thermal Resistan ce of Air conditioning - 57 %

RCC/Brick W alls Calls for Lighting - 22%
Ventilation Fans - 16%
INSULATIO N OF RO OF AND WALL
WALL
M iscellaneous - 5%

ENERGY EFFICIENCY
IMPROVEMENT MET HODS
n Building energy efficiency includes two parts:
envelop (insulation for roof, external wall, IMPOR TANCE OF
window, door and ground floor) and THERMAL INS ULATION
maintenance (energy efficiency improvement
for lighting, air conditioner, water heater, IN BUILDINGS
green power acquirement such as solar
power and wind power etc.).
n The role of thermal insulation is to improve
Building Envelope's E nergy efficiency.

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 ` `

THERMAL INSULATION THERMAL INSULATION

Human Comfort in buildings depends,
Thermal Insulation is an essential of course upon the proper design of
part of all Buildings and performs Heating / Cooling equipment.
many functions.
Efficient operation of these
Energy Conservation Reduces the equipment however depends on the
heating / cooling load effectiveness of the Thermal
Insulation.
Human Comfor t improves the
efficiency of the workmen

` `
THERMAL INSULATION
THERMAL INSULATION

The Design of Insulation requirements

v
for buildings is not straight forward as Hence the design solution for
the calculation of economic thickness for the thermal insulation of
pipeline / equipment buildings must be based on
Almost all Building material provide comparison of the system
some resistance to heat flow and
thermal insulation is a part of the system

` `
THERMAL INSULATION THERMAL INSULATION
Factor s influencing the design of
insulation of building
Factor s influencing the design of insulation
of building

Location and Weather conditions Proportion of Glassed Areas, Door /

Window / Ventilator openings
Orientation of the building
Shading
Wind / breeze
Whether the building is only heated or
heated or cooled
Height of Ceiling

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 ` `
THERMAL INSULATION
THERMAL INSULATION

Thermal Conductance U is
Because of the above factors, The
defined as the reciprocal of the
Thermal Conductance given by U
total thermal resistance
value forms the basis for design and
U = 1/R
becomes the only governing factor for

selection of insulating mater ial

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THERMAL INSULATION
THERMAL INSULATION FOR
Thermal resistance R is given by BUILDINGS
ECBC NORMS
R = 1 /fo + 1 /fi + l/k

Where Energy Conserv ation Building Codes is

fo Outside surface conductance Applicable to Buildings or Building
fi Inside surface conductance Complexes that hav e a connected Load
l Thickness of material of 500KW or a Contract Demand of
K thermal Conductivity of the 600KVA or greater
material

BUILDING INSULAT ION AND BUILDING INSULAT ION AND

ENERGY CONSEVAT ION
ECBC NORMS
24-hour use buildings
Hospitals, Hotels,Call
Centers
Climate Zone
Code requiring R-value of
Insulation alone Roof / Wall Insulation alone Roof / Wall
m2 deg. C / W
ENERGY CONSEVAT ION
ECBC NORMS
24-hour use buildings
Daytime use building Hospitals, Hotels,Call Daytime use building
Other Building Types Other Building Types
Centers
Climate Zone
Code requiring R-value of Code requiring U-value of Code requiring U-value of
Assembly Roof / Wall Assembly Roof / Wall
m2 deg. C / W w/m2 deg. C w/m2 deg. C

Compostie R - 3.5 / 2.1 R- 2.1 / 2.1 Compostie U- 0.261/0.440 U- 0.409/0.440

Hot and Dry R - 3.5 / 2.1 R- 2.1 / 2.1 Hot and Dry U-0.261/ 0.440 U- 0.409/ 0.440
Warm and Warm and
Humid R - 3.5 / 2.1 R- 2.1 / 2.1 Humid U- 0.261/ 0.440 U- 0.409/ 0.440

Moderate R 2.1 / 1.8 R 2.1 / 2.0 Moderate U0.409/ 0.431 U- 0.409/0.397

Cold R 3.5 / 2.2 R 2.1 / 2.35 Cold U0.261/0.369 U- 0.409/0.352

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 BUILDING INSULA TION AND ENERGY THERMAL INSULATION FOR
CONSERVA TION BUILDINGS

Thermal Insulation Systems

Combination of Materials ,Ancillaries ,Protective
Finishes and Application Methods.
v Compatible with relative Accessories/Provisions
v Properties of Insulation Materials
v BEST INSULATION MATERIAL MAY FAIL IF
NOT PROPERLY APPLIED.

THERMAL INSULATION FOR THERMAL INSULATION FOR

BUILDINGS BUILDINGS
Criteria For Selection Of Insulation Material
Thermal Insulation Material and Finishes v Thermal C onducti vity
chosen should Withstand the Vagaries in the
v Thermal Diffusivity
Ambient and Humid Conditions in Tropical
Indian Environment and Specifications be v Compressi ve Strength
made to suit the Location. v Water Abs orption
v Fire Properties Viz Inc ombustbility/Fire Resistanc e
v Application

THERMAL INSULATION FOR

BUILDINGS THERMAL INS ULA TION
FOR BUILDINGS
BUILDING INSULATION OPTIONS
BUILDINGS OPTIONS
n Roof Insulation
U nderdeck Insulation RCC BULDINGS
OverdeckInsulation
n Wall Insulation

Internal
E xternal
n False Ceiling

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 THERMAL INSULATION FOR THERMAL INSULATION FOR
BUILDINGS BUILDINGS
OVERDECK INSULATION
IMPORTANT PROPERTIES TO RECKON WITH
APPLICATION OF INSULATION DIRECTLY OVER
v ADEQUATE COMPRESSION RESISTANCE
SLOPED RCC FOLLOWED BY WATER
PROOFING & PROTECTIVE COVERING v LOW WATER ABSORPTION
TREATMENT, FEATURING :
v RESISTANCE TO HIGH AMBIENT TEMP.
v PRE FORMED INSULATION BOARDS
v LOW THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
v IN-SITU TECHNOLOGY

THERMAL INS ULATION FOR

THERMAL INS ULA TION BUILDINGS
FOR BUILDINGS
Insulation Materials Options
OVERDEC K INSULATION
nSpray Poly urethane Foam

nExtruded Poly sty rene

nPolyurethane/PIR SLAB

nExpanded Poly styrene

SPRAYING PUF / PIR FOAM

THERMAL INSULATION FOR SPRAY PU FOA M & ME MB RANE WATE RPROOFING

BUILDINGS

PROPERTIES OF SPRAYED IN-SITU PUF/PIR

FOAM
v CLOSE CELL CONTENT
v 40-45 KG/M3 DENSITY
v NEGLIGIBLE WATER ABSORPTION
v JOINTLESS FOAMING
v LOW THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

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 SPRAY PU FOA M & ME MB RANE WATE RPROOFING THERMAL INSULATION FOR
BUILDINGS

FIXING OF PRE-FORMED SLABS

THERMAL INSULATION FOR SPRAY PU FOAM & LIQUID APPLIED

WATERPROOFING
BUILDINGS

SLABS FIXED ON ROOF

THERMAL INSULATION FOR THERMAL INSULATION FOR

BUILDINGS
ADVANTAGES OF OVERDECK INSULATION
v DOES NOT INTERFERE WITH INSIDE ON
GOING ACTIVITIES.
v JOINTLESS COVER TO THE ROOF SURFACE
- THERMAL BARRIER AGAINST HEAT IN FLUX
- PROTECTOR TO THE CONCRETE SURFACE
FROM FLUCTUATING EXTERNAL TEMP.
v VERY FAST APPLICATION
BUILDINGS
DISADVANTAGE
OVERDECK INSULATION NEEDS TO BE
TREATED WITH PROPER WATER PROOFING
TREATMENT ENSURING NO WATER INGRESS
INTO THE INSULATION. IN CASE THE WATER
PROOFING TREATMENT IS DAMAGED, THE
WATER INGRESS INTO THE INSULATION MAY
LEAD TO COMPROMISING ITS INSULATION
PROPERTIES.

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 THERMAL INSULATION FOR
BUILDINGS
UNDERDECK INSULATION
PROVIDING INSULATION AS A CONTACT
TREATMENT TO THE INNER SURFACE OF
ROOF
UNDER DECK INSULA TION
THERMAL INS ULATION FOR
BUILDINGS
INSULATION OVER FALSE CEILING
PLACING FIBROUS INSULATION PACKED
IN POLYTHENE BAGS ON THE TOP OF
SUSPENDED CEILING
THERMAL INS ULA TION
FOR BUILDINGS
Insulation Materials Options
UNDERDECK INSULATION
nRockwool Slabs/Rolls
nGlass wool Slabs/Rolls
THERMAL INSULATION FOR
BUILDINGS
DISADVANTAGES OF UNDERDECK
INSULATION
v ROOF SLAB IS SUBJECT STRESS DUE TO
CHANGE IN TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES
IN THE AMBIENT
v INTERFERENCE WITH FALSE CEILING AND
HVAC SYSTEM
THERMAL INS ULA TION
FOR BUILDINGS
Insulation Materials Options
False Ceiling Insulation
nRockwool Slabs/Rolls
nGlasswool Slabs/Rolls
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 THERMAL INSULATION FOR THERMAL INSULATION FOR
BUILDINGS BUILDINGS

INSULATION OVE R FALSE CEILIN G BOA RDS

THERMAL INSULATION FOR

THERMAL INS ULA TION BUILDINGS
FOR BUILDINGS
RESIN BONDED MINERALWOOL SLABS/ROLLS
Insulation Materials Options

Wall Insulation
nRockwool Slabs/Rolls
nPIR/Polyurethane Foam
nExtruded Poly sty rene
SLAB ROLL

THERMAL INSULATION FOR THERMAL INSULATION FOR

BUILDINGS BUILDINGS
RIGID INSULATION
POLYISOCYANURATE SLABS OF DENSITY 36+ WALL INSULATION
2 KG/M3 AS PER IS : 12436, THICKNESS 30MM.
FIXING OF WOODEN BATTENS OR GI CHANNEL
AND PLACING HIGH DENSITY NON-
COMBUSTIBLE MINERALWOOL SLABS OF
DENSITY 48/64/96 KG/M3 AS PER IS:8183, 50MM
THICKNESS IN BETWEEN AND FINALLY
COVERED BY RIGID BOARDS FASTENED TO
THE FRAME WORK.

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THERMAL INSULATION FOR THERMAL INSULATION FOR
BUILDINGS BUILDINGS

WALL INSULATION
GI CHANNEL FRA ME W OR K

THERMAL INSULATION FOR THERMAL INSULATION FOR

BUILDINGS BUILDINGS

WOODEN FRA ME W OR K WALL INSULATION

THERMAL INSULATION FOR THERMAL INSULATION FOR

BUILDINGS BUILDINGS

WALL INSULATION WITH WOODEN

FRAME WORK & ROCKLOYD SLABS
WALL INSULATION

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 LLOYD INSULATIONS (INDIA)
LTD.,
ETICS:MOST RELIABLE EXTERIOR INSULATI ON SYSTE M

ETICS -A multi-layered exterior insulation

EXTERIOR THERMAL INSULATION AND system used on both commercial &
residential buildings, provide superior energy
COMPOSITE SYSTEMS efficiency and much greater design flexibility
than other cladding products.
(ETICS) Thermal Insulation System
Simplest and most Reliable way of
Insulation
Most Useful for Retention of Energy and
Increase the Energy Efficiency
Two Ways to Retrofit Insulation i. e.
CRE ATINGTOMORROW'S S OL UTIONS
Exterior and Interior

LLOYD INSULATIONS (INDIA) LLOYD INSULATIONS (INDIA)

LTD., LTD.,
NOR MAL THIC KNESS OF V ARIOUS LAYERS :
1) Adhesive : It is Dispersible Polymer powder modified
1)Masonry cementacious dry mix
2)Adhesive Total thickness varies from 4mm to 10mm depending on
3)Polyurethane/PIR uniformity of Substrate.
Foam 2) Insulation : It is Polyurethane Foam ( PU ) or PIR
3) Base Coat : It is Dispersible Polymer powder modified
4)Basecoat cementacious dry mix Total Thickness will be 4-6mm
5)Fiber mesh
6)Top Coat

LLOYD INSULATIONS (INDIA) LLOYD INSULATIONS (INDIA)

LTD., LTD.,
Bo nd streng th ba se co at / Insula tio n
After 28 d ay sn ormal climate >0.08N/mm2 o r failu re in th e in su latio n p ro du ct
in stead

4)Fibre Glass mesh : 165 GSM which is to be impregnated After testing on the rig >0.08N/mm2 o r failu re in th e in su latio n p ro du ct
in stead
inside base coat (reinforced) to get additional strength and Bond strength substrate / adhesive
to prevent cracks. 2 8 d ay s no rmal climate >0.25 N/mm2
5) Texture Coat: It is Dispersible Polymer powder modified 2 8 d ay s no rmal climate + 2 d ay s water + 2 >0.08 N/mm2
cementacious dry mix It can be in various colours by h ou rs dry in g
mixing pigments and also in various designs. 2 8 d ay s no rmal climate + 2 d ay s water + 7 d ay s >0.25 N/mm2
n o rmal climat e
Bond strength adhesive / Insulation product
Total Thickness vari es from 12mm to 14mm 2 8 d ay s no rmal climate >0.25 N/mm2
2 8 d ay s no rmal climate + 2 d ay s water + 2 >0.03 N/mm2
h ou rs dry in g
2 8 d ay s no rmal climate + 2 d ay s water + 7 d ay s >0.08 N/mm2
n o rmal climat e

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 LLOYD INSULATIONS (INDIA) LLOYD INSULATIONS (INDIA)
LTD., LTD.,
ETICS is attached to outside
HOW ETICS IS INSTALLED
face of exterior walls with
ADVA NTAGES OF OUTSIDE INS ULATION :
adhesive and mechanical
n Outstanding Thermal Insulation
anchors.
n Reduction in cooling cost ETICS is installed directly at
n Optimum Use of the Walls cooling Storage Capacity construction site by hand by
n Save Space Inside the Rooms professional plastering
contractors
n Great Design Flexibility for facades ETICS is an assembled
n Increase in value of the Building system and not retail product.
ETICS can also be made as
prefabricated panels

Typical applications of PUR ETICS in China

Typical applications of PUR ETICS in China
- SPF ETICS
PUR ETICS Sys tem Structure

Subst r at e

Sl a b Sto c k Cu rta i n Wa l l Po u ri ng On -s it e Pre fa b ric a e

td Leve li ng m or t ar f or Su bst r at e2

SPF ETICS ETICS Spr ay a ppl e

i d P U rg
i d
i f oam
ETICS ETICS ETICS
I nt er f acial r en der

ETICSb as ed ETICSb as ed ETICSb as ed ETICSo f p re - Level n

i g m or t ar
o n sp ray o n Po yl - ETICS fo r o n p ou rin g
fa b ric a te d Fib er gl ass m es h
a pp l ie d u re th an e c u rtai n wa l l o n -s it e Po ly -
Po ly -
Po ly - s la b s to ck i ns ul a ti on u re th an e Pr ot ect i ve m or t ar
u re th an e
u re th an e b oa rd a pp l ica tio n ri gi d fo am
ri gi d fo am i ns ul a ti on
b oa rd Top f i nis h

Typical applications of PUR ETICS in China

-SPF ETICS

Sys tem Structure

Sk e tc h M a p
Sy s tem Struc tu e
r
Su b s tra te

In te rfac a
i l L e ve l n
i g &

ETICS With Spray

I ns u l ati o n To p Co at
Lay er Pro te c it v e L ay e r
L a y e r

Subs t r at e SPF
I nt er f aci al
Pr ot ect i ve m or t ar
( + Fi ber gl as s
Top f i ni s h

Polyurethane Foam
r ender m es h when

neces s ar y)

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Wall ready to receive Spray PU SPRAY PU FOAM IN PROGRESS
Foam

SPRAY PU FOAM IN SPRAY PU FOAM IN

PROGRESS PROGRESS

I Layer SPRAY PU FOAM SPRAY PU FOAM And Levelling

Completed Mortar Applied

13
SPRAY PU FOAM And Levelling
Mortar Applied Base Coat Mortar Applied

Fibre Glass Mesh Reinforcement Base Coat II layer being

being Applied applied

ETICS Completed Awaiting

Finish Coat Applied Finish Coat

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 Typical applications of PUR ETICS in China
Typical applications of PUR ETICS in China - Slab Stock ETICS
- Slab Stock ETICS Sys tem Structure

Sys tem s tructure

Sy stem Struc tu re Sk e ct h M a p
Su bs tra te
Ad he si ve In su la tio n Pro tec ti ve To p Co at
L ay e r L ay e r
L ay e r
Su bs tra te
L ev e li ng m o rta rfo r Su bs tra te
PU R s a
l b st ock b oar d

Pro tec ti ve m o rta r

Fi be r gl ass mes h
P ro tectiv e mo rtar
To p fin si h Ad h esiv e P UR slab
S ub strate Top co ati ng
mo rtar + F ib erg lass
sto ck bo ard
mesh

Application of Interfacial
ETICS PU SLABS
Render

Adhering the Slabs on to the

Application of Adhesive Mor tar WAll

15
Slabs adhered to the wall Application of Base Coat

Application of Fibre Glass

Mesh Fibreglass Mesh in Position

Cross sectional View of ET ICS

Final Base Coat in place PU S LABS

16
 Typical applications of PUR ETICS in China

FINIS H COAT - Curtain Wall ETICS

Sys tem Structure

Su bs tra te
Sp ray a p pl ie d PU rig id fo am

In te frac a
i l e
r nd e r

Pro tec ti ve m o rta r

Ad he si on fra me
To p fin si h

Typical applications of PUR ETICS in China ROAD MAP FOR ENERGY

- Curtain Wall ETICS
EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS
Sys tem Structure

Su bs tra te Sy s te m Structure

In su la tio n In te rfac a
i l Pro tec ti ve To p Co at
n A s is being followed in our neighbouring
L ay e r L ay e r

L ay e r


country let us aim at improv ing the
S ub strate SPF In terfacial
P ro tectiv e mo rtar
energy efficiency by 50 % with 2000 as
the base y ear
(+ Fib erg lass
ren d er Top fin ish
mesh wh en
n ecessary )


n This is possible by bringing in
Mandatory Rules and Standards for
Thermal Insulation of Buildings

Thank you
for your attention
B J KUPPUSWAMY
For further details please mail to
bjk swamy @y ahoo.co.in

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