Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Environmental Studies
with Glossary
(for Undergraduate Students of
All Indian Universities
JRF, SRF, ARS, NET, SLET, Civil Services
& Other Competitive Examinations)
2010
DAYA PUBLISHING HOUSE
Delhi - 110 035
iv
2010, PUBLISHER
ISBN 81-7035-661-X
ISBN 978-81-7035-661-5
PRINTED IN INDIA
Dedicated to
my uncle
Late Shri Chandan Singh Bohra
vii
Preface
Preface v
Syllabus xi
UNIT-III: Ecosystem
Concept of an ecosystem, structure and function of an ecosystem,
producers, consumers, decomposers, energy flow in the ecosystem,
ecological succession, food chain, food webs and ecological
pyramids. Introduction, types, characteristic features, structure and
function of the following ecosystems; Forest, grassland, desert,
aquatic ecosystem (pond, lakes, streams, rivers, oceans and estuaries).
UNIT-IV: Biodiversity and its Conservation
Introduction, definition, genetic, species and ecosystem
diversity; Biogeographical classification of India, value of
biodiversity; consumptive use, productive use, social, ethical and
esthetic values, biodiversity at global, national and local levels, India
as a mega diversity nation, hot spots of biodiversity, threats to
biodiversity; habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife
conflicts, endangered and endemic species of India, conservation of
biodiversity; In- situ and Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity.
UNIT-V: Environmental Pollution
Definition, causes, effects and control measures of; Air pollution,
Noise pollution, Water pollution, Soil pollution, Marine pollution,
Thermal pollution, Nuclear pollution.
P Solid waste management: Causes, effects and control
measures of urban and industrial wastes; role of an
individual in prevention of pollution, pollution case
studies, disaster management; floods, earthquakes,
cyclones and land slides.
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