EXPERIMENT 5 Solubility and Acid-base Property

Soluble solution
Test tube A (add
H2O)
Insoluble solution

Soluble solution
Test tube B (add
1mL 5% NaOH)
Insoluble solution
12 unknown
samples
Soluble solution
Test tube C (add
1mL 5% HCl)
Insoluble solution

Soluble solution
Test tube D (add
1mL 5% NaHCO3)
Insoluble solution

H2O H2O/ HCl H2O/ H2O/ Diethyl

NaOH NaHCO3 ether
Hydrocarbon X X X X

Alcohol 3 3 3 3

Phenol X 3 X

Amine 3 3 3

Aldehyde 3 3 3 3

Ketone 3 3 3 3

Carboxylic 3 3
Acid
Ester X X X X X

Polar solvent Acidic solvent Basic solvent Weak base Organic

dissolve polar reacts with reacts with solvent reacts solvent
compound basic acidic with strongly dissolve
compound compound acidic organic
compound compound
Hydrogen bonding is a special type of dipole-dipole attraction between
molecules, not a covalent bond to a hydrogen atom. It results from the attractive
force between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a very electronegative atom
such as a N, O, or F atom and another very electronegative atom.
H-bonding A-B reaction

Amyl acetate N

Cyclohexane X N

Ethyl amine B

Ethanol N

Phenol A

Benzoic acid A

H2O 5% HCl 5% NaOH 5% NaHCO3

Acetone SOLUBLE SOLUBLE SOLUBLE SOLUBLE

Acetanilide INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE

Amyl acetate INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE

Ethanol SOLUBLE SOLUBLE SOLUBLE SOLUBLE

Phenol INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE SOLUBLE INSOLUBLE

Butanol INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE

Cyclohexane INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE

Benzoic acid INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE SOLUBLE SOLUBLE

Ethyl acetate INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE

Pentanone INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE

Salicylic acid INSOLUBLE INSOLUBLE SOLUBLE SOLUBLE

Ethyl amine SOLUBLE SOLUBLE SOLUBLE SOLUBLE