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Industrial application of

Turbomachinary
MANU P NAIR
MATHEWS DANIAL
Introduction
Small steam turbines drives are ideal for many industrial applications
on account of their simplicity and ease of achieving variable speed.
Large pumps,Blowers and compressors can be coupled to the driving
turbine shafts.
High pressure multi stage centrifugal pumps and compressors are
widely used in petro chemical industries.
Industrial furnaces employ fans and blowers of varius sizes for
producing the required draught.
Gas turbine in petro chemical industries
A variety of fuel can be used in GT plants. some process gases can also be
used.
The energy in the exhaust gases can be used in various processes.
They can be used conveniently for industrial utilities, such as compressed
air, Hot gases, steam, Hot water, Mechanical and electrical power.
It is easy to install cheap compact and competitive cost wise,It has ability to
combine with other equipment's.

Additional fuel is burnt in the combustion chamber places after the turbine
depending on the heat requirement in the process. The hot gases after the
process can further used in steam boilers. The starting turbine runs on
compressed air.
Gas turbine and compressors in manufacturing nitric acid.
Gas Turbines for Electric Power Generation
Gas turbines are used for electric power generation in a number of
ways. Some of its main advantages are ability to start quickly, lower
cooling water requirement, and high temperature and low pressure of
the working medium.
Aeroengines: Turboprop engines with some modifications of the
combustion chamber and bearings can be used to drive electric
generators through reduction gears.
Topping plant: The gas turbine forms the high temperature loop
whereas the steam plant forms the low temperature loop. The
outgoing exhaust gases also heat the feed water of the steam cycle.
the steam turbine drives the generator
Cont.
Nuclear plant: Helium gas is used both as a coolant in the reactor and
the working fluid in the closed circuit gas turbine plant.
Helium after compression is first heated in the heat exchanger and
then in the reactor. The high pressure and temperature (p 25-50
bar, T = 1000-1200 K) gas drives the helium turbine.
The turbine drives both the compressor and the load (electric
generator).
Industrial fan
Fans and blowers are used all over the world in a wide variety of industries.
Some of the important applications are in steam power stations,
ventilation systems, cooling of electric motors and generators, and many
industrial processes.
Cooling Towers
Large quantities of the condenser circulating water are cooled in cooling
towers.
Fans for this application are generally of the large axial type, developing a
low pressure rise and higher air flow rates. A typical fan of 20 m diameter
developed 12 mm W.G. at about 3000 m3/s at 75 rpm.
cont.
Cooling of Motors, Generators and Engines:
Considerable quantities of heat need to be removed from internal
combustion engines, and electric motors and generators.
The air sucked in through the radiator cools the circulating water as
well as the engine. The propeller fan is belt-driven by the engine.
cont
Air Circulation and Mine Ventilation
Fans or blowers employed for the ventilation of mines and tunnels
are heavy-duty fans. The ratings of fans for mine ventilation can be
obtained from the number of workers in the mine and the total resist-
ance to be overcome. Each man requires about 6m3 of air per minute.
On account of the relatively higher pressure requirements, blowers of
the centrifugal type are more frequently used than the axial type.
Steel Plants:Large and small fans or blowers are employed in a
number of applications in steel plants. One or more high pressure (l
1500 mm W.G.) blowers are employed to supply blast furnace gases
to the steam boilers.
In such applications the impellers must withstand operation at high
temperatures and speeds. Main blast furnace blowers are required to
develop higher pressures ( 3 bars), and therefore employ many
centrifugal stages.
Other applications : of fans and blowers are in pneumatic transport of
granular material (pressure required 3000 mm W.G.), centrifugal
separators, furnaces and drying equipment.
Domestic vacuum cleaners employ three or more high speed (8000-
20000 rpm) axial blowers. The power absorbed is about 100-300 W.
Thank you

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