Appendices Appendix A List and Uses of Apparatus

APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
List and Uses of Apparatus
Analytical Balance is an instrument used to measure mass.

Erlenmeyer flask is an apparatus used as a container for the water sample
Graduated Cylinder is an apparatus used to measure the 100 ml water sample
Pipette and pipetol is a apparatus used to transfer small amounts of liquid.
Spectrophotometers measure light intensity as a function of wavelength and are
commonly used to measure the concentration of a compound in an aqueous solution.

Stirring rod is an apparatus used to mix the components properly
Wash Bottle is a squeeze bottle used to rinse the apparatus with deionized water
APPENDIX B
Definition of Terms
Sulfates are aggressive detergents made of sulfur-containing mineral salts. The most common
are Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) and Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLES).
Buffer solution is one which resists changes in pH when small quantities of an acid or an alkali
are added to it. Buffer solution is an aqueous solution consisting of a mixture of a weak acid and
its conjugate base, or vice versa..
Spectrophotometry is a branch of spectroscopy that deals with measurement of the radiant energy
transmitted or reflected by a body as a function of the wavelength.
Calibration curve, also known as a standard curve, is a general method for determining the
concentration of a substance in an unknown sample by comparing the unknown to a set of
standard samples of known concentration.
Turbidimetry is the process of measuring the loss of intensity of transmitted light due to
the scattering effect of particles suspended in it. Light is passed through a filter creating a light of
known wavelength which is then passed through a cuvette containing a solution. A photoelectric
cell collects the light which passes through the cuvette. A measurement is then given for the
amount of absorbed light
APPENDIX E
Material Safety Data Sheet

Barium chloride dihydrate, p.a.
ACC# 95909
Section 1 - Chemical Product and Company
Identification
MSDS Name: Barium chloride dihydrate, p.a.
Catalog Numbers: AC203130000,
AC203130010, AC203135000, AC380290000
Synonyms: Barium dichloride dihydrate
Company Identification:
Acros Organics N.V.
One Reagent Lane
Fair Lawn, NJ 07410
For information in North America, call: 800-ACROS-01
For emergencies in the US, call CHEMTREC: 800-424-9300
Section 2 - Composition, Information on Ingredients

CAS# Chemical Name Percent EINECS/ELINCS
10326-27-9 Barium chloride dehydrate unlisted
Section 3 - Hazards Identification

EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Not available. Appearance: white crystals.
Not available.
Target Organs: Kidneys, heart, liver, spleen, gastrointestinal system, bone marrow, nerves.
Potential Health Effects

Eye: Contact produces irritation, tearing, and burning pain. May cause conjunctivitis.
Skin: May cause skin irritation. May be harmful if absorbed through the skin. Prolonged contact
with skin, especially if the skin is wet or moist, causes
Ingestion: Poison by ingestion. May cause kidney damage. May cause severe digestive tract
irritation with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. May cause hemorrhaging of the
digestive tract. Barium chloride affects the muscles (especially the smooth muscles of the
cardiovascular and respiratory systems), causes salivation, tingling of the mouth or face,
convulsions, numberness, muscle paralysis, respiratory failure, slow pluse rate, pulmonary
edema, irregular heart beat, hypokalimia (potassium deficiency in the
Inhalation: Harmful if inhaled. May cause respiratory tract irritation. May cause effects similar to
those described for ingestion.
Chronic: Not available.
Section 4 - First Aid Measures

Eyes: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and
lower eyelids. Get medical aid.
Skin: Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing
contaminated clothing and shoes.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or
water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately.
Inhalation: Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give
artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.
Notes to Physician: Treat symptomatically and supportively.
Section 5 - Fire Fighting Measures

General Information: As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-
demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear.
Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or chemical foam.
Flash Point: Not available.
Autoignition Temperature: Not available.
Explosion Limits, Lower:Not available.
Upper: Not available.
NFPA Rating: (estimated) Health: 2; Flammability: 0; Instability: 0
Section 6 - Accidental Release Measures

General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks: Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Avoid
generating dusty conditions.
Section 7 - Handling and Storage

Handling: Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Do not breathe dust, mist, or vapor. Do
not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Use only in a chemical fume hood.
Storage: Store in a cool, dry place. Store in a tightly closed container.
Section 8 - Exposure Controls, Personal Protection
Engineering Controls: Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an
eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne concentrations
low.
Exposure Limits
Chemical Name ACGIH NIOSH OSHA - Final PELs
Barium chloride dihydrate none listed none listed none listed
OSHA Vacated PELs: Barium chloride dihydrate: No OSHA Vacated PELs are listed for this
chemical.
Personal Protective Equipment
Eyes: Not available.
Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators: Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European
Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if
exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced.
Section 9 - Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical State: Crystals
Appearance: white
Odor: Not available.
pH: 5-8 (5% aq.solution)
Vapor Pressure: Negligible.
Vapor Density: Not applicable.
Evaporation Rate:Negligible.
Viscosity: Not available.
Boiling Point: 1560 deg C
Freezing/Melting Point:962 deg C
Decomposition Temperature:> 100 deg C
Solubility: Soluble.
Specific Gravity/Density:Not available.
Molecular Formula:BaCl2.2H2O
Molecular Weight:244.28
Section 10 - Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
Conditions to Avoid: Incompatible materials, ignition sources, excess heat.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, bromine trifluoride, 2-furan +
percarboxylic acid.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, chlorine.
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur.
Section 11 - Toxicological Information

RTECS#:
CAS# 10326-27-9: CQ8751000
LD50/LC50:
Not available.
Carcinogenicity:
CAS# 10326-27-9: Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, NTP, or CA Prop 65.
Epidemiology: No data available.
Teratogenicity: No data available.
Reproductive Effects: No data available.
Mutagenicity: No data available.
Neurotoxicity: No data available.
Other Studies:
Section 12 - Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: No data available. Barium chloride accumulates in plants when it exceeds calcium
and magnesium levels in soil.
Environmental: No information available.
Physical: No information available.
Other: Avoid entering into waters or underground water.
Section 13 - Disposal Considerations

Chemical waste generators must determine whether a discarded chemical is classified as a
hazardous waste. US EPA guidelines for the classification determination are listed in 40 CFR
Parts 261.3. Additionally, waste generators must consult state and local hazardous waste
regulations to ensure complete and accurate classification.
RCRA P-Series: None listed.
RCRA U-Series: None listed.
Section 14 - Transport Information

US DOT Canada TDG
Shipping Name: BARIUM COMPOUNDS, N.O.S. BARIUM COMPOUNDS NOS
(BARIUM CHLORIDE DIHYDRATE)
Hazard Class: 6.1 6.1
UN Number: UN1564 UN1564
Packing Group: III III
Section 15 - Regulatory Information
US FEDERAL
TSCA
CAS# 10326-27-9 is not on the TSCA Inventory because it is a hydrate. It is considered to be
listed if the CAS number for the anhydrous form is on the inventory (40CFR720.3(u)(2)).
Health & Safety Reporting List
None of the chemicals are on the Health & Safety Reporting List.
Chemical Test Rules
None of the chemicals in this product are under a Chemical Test Rule.
Section 12b
None of the chemicals are listed under TSCA Section 12b.
TSCA Significant New Use Rule
None of the chemicals in this material have a SNUR under TSCA.
CERCLA Hazardous Substances and corresponding RQs
None of the chemicals in this material have an RQ.
SARA Section 302 Extremely Hazardous Substances
None of the chemicals in this product have a TPQ.
SARA Codes
CAS # 10326-27-9: immediate, delayed.
Section 313
This material contains Barium chloride dihydrate (listed as Barium compounds, n.o.s.), %,
(CAS# 10326-27-9) which is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 313 of SARA Title
III and 40 CFR Part 373.
Clean Air Act:
This material does not contain any hazardous air pollutants.
This material does not contain any Class 1 Ozone depletors.
Clean Water Act:
None of the chemicals in this product are listed as Hazardous Substances under the CWA.
None of the chemicals in this product are listed as Priority Pollutants under the CWA.
None of the chemicals in this product are listed as Toxic Pollutants under the CWA.
OSHA:
None of the chemicals in this product are considered highly hazardous by OSHA.
STATE
CAS# 10326-27-9 can be found on the following state right to know lists: New Jersey, (listed
as Barium compounds, n.o.s.), Pennsylvania, (listed as Barium compounds, n.o.s.).
California Prop 65
California No Significant Risk Level: None of the chemicals in this product are listed.
European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols:
T
Risk Phrases:
R 25 Toxic if swallowed.
R 20 Harmful by inhalation.
Safety Phrases:
S 45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice
immediately (show the label where possible).
WGK (Water Danger/Protection)

CAS# 10326-27-9: 1
Canada - DSL/NDSL
None of the chemicals in this product are listed on the DSL or NDSL list.
Canada - WHMIS
not available.
This product has been classified in accordance with the hazard criteria of the Controlled Products
Regulations and the MSDS contains all of the information required by those regulations.
Canadian Ingredient Disclosure List
CAS# 10326-27-9 is not listed on the Canadian Ingredient Disclosure List.
Section 16 - Additional Information
MSDS Creation Date: 4/17/1998

Revision #5 Date: 9/26/2007
The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently
available to us. However, we make no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express
or implied, with respect to such information, and we assume no liability resulting from its use.
Users should make their own investigations to determine the suitability of the information for
their particular purposes. In no event shall Fisher be liable for any claims, losses, or damages of
any third party or for lost profits or any special, indirect, incidental, consequential or exemplary
damages, howsoever arising, even if Fisher has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
Magnesium chloride hexahydrate MSDS

Section 1: Chemical Product and Company
Identification
Product Name: Magnesium chloride hexahydrate
Catalog Codes: SLM3697, SLM2926, SLM4306
CAS#: 7791-18-6
RTECS: OM2975000
TSCA: TSCA 8(b) inventory: Magnesium chloride
hexahydrate
CI#: Not applicable.
Synonym:
Chemical Name: Magnesium dichloride hexahydrate
Chemical Formula: Mg-Cl2.6H2O
Contact Information:
Sciencelab.com, Inc.
14025 Smith Rd.
Houston, Texas 77396
US Sales: 1-800-901-7247
International Sales: 1-281-441-4400
Order Online: ScienceLab.com
CHEMTREC (24HR Emergency Telephone), call:
1-800-424-9300
International CHEMTREC, call: 1-703-527-3887
For non-emergency assistance, call: 1-281-441-4400
Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients
Composition:
Name CAS # % by Weight
Magnesium chloride hexahydrate 7791-18-6 100
Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Not applicable.
Section 3: Hazards Identification
Potential Acute Health Effects: Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator), of
eye contact (irritant), of
ingestion, of inhalation.
Potential Chronic Health Effects:
CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available.
TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available.
DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. The substance is toxic to cardiovascular
system, upper respiratory tract.
Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage.
Section 4: First Aid Measures
Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids
open. Cold water may be
used.
p. 2
Skin Contact:
After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of water. Gently and thoroughly wash the
contaminated skin with running
water and non-abrasive soap. Be particularly careful to clean folds, crevices, creases and groin.
Cold water may be used.
Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. If irritation persists, seek medical attention.
Serious Skin Contact: Not available.
Inhalation: Allow the victim to rest in a well ventilated area. Seek immediate medical attention.
Serious Inhalation: Not available.
Ingestion:
Do not induce vomiting. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If the
victim is not breathing, perform
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Seek immediate medical attention.
Serious Ingestion: Not available.
Section 5: Fire and Explosion Data
Flammability of the Product: Non-flammable.
Auto-Ignition Temperature: Not applicable.
Flash Points: Not applicable.
Flammable Limits: Not applicable.
Products of Combustion: Not available.
Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Not applicable.
Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:
Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available. Risks of
explosion of the product in
presence of static discharge: Not available.
Fire Fighting Media and Instructions: Not applicable.
Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Store under nitrogen. When heated to decomposition it emits
toxic fumes.
Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: Not available.
Section 6: Accidental Release Measures
Small Spill:
Use appropriate tools to put the spilled solid in a convenient waste disposal container. Finish
cleaning by spreading water on
the contaminated surface and dispose of according to local and regional authority requirements.
Large Spill:
Use a shovel to put the material into a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by
spreading water on the
contaminated surface and allow to evacuate through the sanitary system.
Section 7: Handling and Storage
Precautions:
Do not ingest. Do not breathe dust. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the
container or the label. Keep
away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents.
Storage:
No specific storage is required. Use shelves or cabinets sturdy enough to bear the weight of the
chemicals. Be sure that it is
not necessary to strain to reach materials, and that shelves are not overloaded.
p. 3
Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
Engineering Controls:
Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to keep airborne
levels below recommended
exposure limits. If user operations generate dust, fume or mist, use ventilation to keep exposure
to airborne contaminants
below the exposure limit.
Personal Protection: Safety glasses. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an
approved/certified respirator or equivalent.
Gloves.
Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill:
Splash goggles. Full suit. Dust respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus
should be used to avoid
inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a
specialist BEFORE handling this
product.
Exposure Limits: Not available.
Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical state and appearance: Solid. (Deliquescent crystals solid.)
Odor: Not available.
Taste: Not available.
Molecular Weight: 203.3 g/mole
Color: Not available.
pH (1% soln/water): 7 [Neutral.]
Boiling Point: Not available.
Melting Point: 118C (244.4F)
Critical Temperature: Not available.
Specific Gravity: 1.59 (Water = 1)
Vapor Pressure: Not applicable.
Vapor Density: Not available.
Volatility: Not available.
Odor Threshold: Not available.
Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: Not available.
Ionicity (in Water): Not available.
Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water, methanol.
Solubility:
Easily soluble in cold water, hot water, methanol. Insoluble in diethyl ether, n-octanol.
Section 10: Stability and Reactivity Data
Stability: The product is stable.
Instability Temperature: Not available.
Conditions of Instability: Not available.
Incompatibility with various substances:
p. 4
Reactive with oxidizing agents. Non-reactive with moisture.
Corrosivity: Non-corrosive in presence of glass.
Special Remarks on Reactivity: Not available.
Special Remarks on Corrosivity: Not available.
Polymerization: No.
Section 11: Toxicological Information
Routes of Entry: Absorbed through skin. Eye contact. Inhalation. Ingestion.
Toxicity to Animals: Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 8100 mg/kg [Rat.].
Chronic Effects on Humans: The substance is toxic to cardiovascular system, upper respiratory
tract.
Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator),
of ingestion, of inhalation.
Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Not available.
Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans: Not available.
Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans: Material is irritating to mucous membranes
and upper respiratory
tract.
Section 12: Ecological Information
Ecotoxicity: Not available.
BOD5 and COD: Not available.
Products of Biodegradation:
Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term
degradation products may arise.
Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The products of degradation are more toxic.
Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available.
Section 13: Disposal Considerations
Waste Disposal:
Section 14: Transport Information
DOT Classification: Not a DOT controlled material (United States).
Identification: Not applicable.
Special Provisions for Transport: Not applicable.
Section 15: Other Regulatory Information
Federal and State Regulations:
California prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of
California has found to cause cancer,
birth defects or other reproductive harm, which would require a warning under the statute:
Magnesium chloride hexahydrate
California prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of
California has found to cause cancer
p. 5
which would require a warning under the statute: Magnesium chloride hexahydrate TSCA 8(b)
inventory: Magnesium chloride
hexahydrate
Other Regulations: Not available..
Other Classifications:
WHMIS (Canada): Not controlled under WHMIS (Canada).
DSCL (EEC):
This product is not classified according to the EU regulations.
HMIS (U.S.A.):
Health Hazard: 2
Fire Hazard: 0
Reactivity: 0
Personal Protection: E
National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.):
Health: 2
Flammability: 0
Reactivity: 0
Specific hazard:
Protective Equipment:
Gloves. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent.
Safety glasses.
Section 16: Other Information
References:
-Hawley, G.G.. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11e ed., New York N.Y., Van Nostrand
Reinold, 1987. -SAX, N.I.
Dangerous Properties of Indutrial Materials. Toronto, Van Nostrand Reinold, 6e ed. 1984. -The
Sigma-Aldrich Library of
Chemical Safety Data, Edition II.
Other Special Considerations: Not available.
Created: 10/10/2005 08:21 PM
Last Updated: 05/21/2013 12:00 PM
available to us. However, we
make no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to
such information, and we assume
no liability resulting from its use. Users should make their own investigations to determine the
suitability of the information for
their particular purposes. In no event shall ScienceLab.com be liable for any claims, losses, or
damages of any third party or for
lost profits or any special, indirect, incidental, consequential or exemplary damages, howsoever
arising, even if ScienceLab.com
has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
Sodium Acetate, Anhydrous

ACC# 20860
Identification
MSDS Name: Sodium Acetate, Anhydrous
Catalog Numbers: AC149610000, AC149610010,
AC149610025, AC220890000, AC220890010,
AC220890050, AC220892500, AC327290000, AC327290010, AC419410000, AC419415000,
AC424250000, AC424250050, 42425-5000, BP333-1, BP333-500, NC9599353, NC9714437,
S210-2, S210-500
Synonyms: Acetic Acid,Sodium Salt; Sodium Acetate.
Fisher Scientific
1 Reagent Lane
Fair Lawn, NJ 07410
For information, call: 201-796-7100
Emergency Number: 201-796-7100
For CHEMTREC assistance, call: 800-424-9300
For International CHEMTREC assistance, call: 703-527-3887

127-09-3 Sodium acetate 100.0 204-823-8
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Appearance: white solid.
Caution! May cause eye, skin, and respiratory tract irritation. Hygroscopic (absorbs moisture
from the air).
Target Organs: None known.
Eye: May cause mild eye irritation.
Skin: May cause skin irritation. May be harmful if absorbed through the skin.
Ingestion: May cause irritation of the digestive tract. May be harmful if swallowed.
Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract irritation. May be harmful if inhaled.
Chronic: No information found.

Eyes: Get medical aid. Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at l east 15 minutes.
Skin: Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing
contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or
water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid.
artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid if cough or other
symptoms appear.
Notes to Physician: None

demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Dusts at sufficient
concentrations can form explosive mixtures with air. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic
gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion.
Extinguishing Media: For small fires, use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide or chemical
foam.
Flash Point: Not available.
Autoignition Temperature: 607 deg C ( 1,124.60 deg F)

Spills/Leaks: Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Clean up
spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Avoid generating
dusty conditions. Provide ventilation.

Handling: Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before
reuse. Use with adequate ventilation. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Avoid contact
with eyes, skin, and clothing. Avoid ingestion and inhalation.
Storage: Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from
incompatible substances.

Engineering Controls: Good general ventilation should be sufficient to control airborne levels.
Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a
safety shower.
Exposure Limits
Sodium acetate none listed none listed none listed
OSHA Vacated PELs: Sodium acetate: No OSHA Vacated PELs are listed for this chemical.
Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's
eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.
Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.

Physical State: Solid
Appearance: white
Odor: odorless to slight acetic-like odor
pH: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: Not available.
Evaporation Rate:Not available.
Boiling Point: Not available.
Decomposition Temperature:Not available.
Solubility: 1190 g/l (20 C)
Specific Gravity/Density:Not available.
Molecular Formula:C2H3O2Na

Chemical Stability: Hygroscopic: absorbs moisture or water from the air.
Conditions to Avoid: Incompatible materials, dust generation.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials: Strong oxidizing agents. Explosive mixtures may be
formed with fluorine or potassium nitrite.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, toxic fumes of sodium
oxide.
Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported.

RTECS#:
CAS# 127-09-3: AJ4300010
LD50/LC50:
CAS# 127-09-3:
Draize test, rabbit, eye: 10 mg Mild;
Draize test, rabbit, skin: 500 mg/24H Mild;
Inhalation, rat: LC50 = >30 gm/m3/1H;
Oral, mouse: LD50 = 6891 mg/kg;
Oral, rat: LD50 = 3530 mg/kg;
Skin, rabbit: LD50 = >10 gm/kg;
Carcinogenicity:
Epidemiology: No information found
Teratogenicity: No information found
Reproductive Effects: No information found
Mutagenicity: No information found
Neurotoxicity: No information found
Other Studies:

Ecotoxicity: Fish: Bluegill/Sunfish: LC50 = 5000 mg/L; 24 Hr.; UnspecifiedWater flea Daphnia:
EC50 = 5800 mg/L; 48 Hr.; Unspecified Acute aquatic effects: 96-hour LC50 for fathead
minnow: GT 100mg/L, 96-hour LC50 for water flea: GT 1000mg/L. This chemical has a low
potential to affect aquatic organisms.
Environmental: This chemical is readily biodegradable and is not likely to bioconcentrate.
Physical: None.
Other: This chemical has a high biological oxygen demand, and it is expected to cause
significant oxygen depletion in aquatic systems.


US DOT Canada TDG
Shipping Name: Not regulated as a hazardous material Not Regulated
Hazard Class:
UN Number:
Packing Group:
US FEDERAL
TSCA
CAS# 127-09-3 is listed on the TSCA inventory.
Chemical Test Rules
Section 12b
Section 313 No chemicals are reportable under Section 313.
Clean Air Act:
Clean Water Act:
OSHA:
STATE
CAS# 127-09-3 is not present on state lists from CA, PA, MN, MA, FL, or NJ.
California Prop 65
Hazard Symbols:
Not available.
Risk Phrases:
Safety Phrases:
S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes.

CAS# 127-09-3: 1
Canada - DSL/NDSL
CAS# 127-09-3 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
Canada - WHMIS
This product has a WHMIS classification of D2B.

Acetic acid, >96%
ACC# 00120
Identification
MSDS Name: Acetic acid, >96%
AC124040025, AC124040050, AC124040250, AC148930000, AC148930010, AC222140000,
AC222140010, AC222140025, AC222140051, AC222140200, AC222142500, AC295320000,
AC295320010, AC295320025, AC295320100, AC423220000, 14893-0025, 42322-0025, 42322-
5000, A35-500, A35-500LC, A38-212, A38-450LB, A38-500, A38-500LC, A38212LC, A38C-
212, A38C212LC, A38J500, A38P-20, A38P500, A38S-212, A38S-500, A38SI-212, A465-1,
A465-250, A465-500, A490-212, A491-20, A491-212, A491-212LC, A491-4, A507-212, A507-
4, A507-500, A507SK-212, AC38C212EA, BP1185-500, BP1185500LC, BP2400-500, BP2401-
212, BP2401-500, BP2401C-212, BP2401P-20, BP2401S-212, BP2401S-500, BP2401SI-212,
NC9011470, NC9758600, S70048-1SC, S70048-2MF, S700481MF
Synonyms: Ethanoic acid; Ethylic acid; Methanecarboxylic acid; Vinegar acid; Glacial acetic
acid.
Fisher Scientific
1 Reagent Lane
Fair Lawn, NJ 07410

64-19-7 Acetic acid >96 200-580-7
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Appearance: clear, colorless liquid. Flash Point: 39 deg C.
Danger! Causes severe eye and skin burns. Causes severe digestive and respiratory tract burns.
Flammable liquid and vapor. May be harmful if absorbed through the skin. Glacial acetic acid
solidifies below 62F (17C). Corrosive to metal.
Target Organs: Teeth, eyes, skin, mucous membranes.
Eye: Causes severe eye irritation. Contact with liquid or vapor causes severe burns and possible
irreversible eye damage.
Skin: Causes skin burns. May be harmful if absorbed through the skin. Contact with the skin may
cause blackening and hyperkeratosis of the skin of the hands.
Ingestion: May cause severe and permanent damage to the digestive tract. Causes severe pain,
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and shock. May cause polyuria, oliguria (excretion of a diminished
amount of urine in relation to the fluid intake) and anuria (complete suppression of urination).
Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Inhalation: Effects may be delayed. Causes chemical burns to the respiratory tract. Exposure may
lead to bronchitis, pharyngitis, and dental erosion. May be absorbed through the lungs.
Chronic: Chronic exposure to acetic acid may cause erosion of dental enamel, bronchitis, eye
irritation, darkening of the skin, and chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract. Acetic acid
can cause occupational asthma. One case of a delayed asthmatic response to glacial acetic acid
has been reported in a person with bronchial asthma. Skin sensitization to acetic acid is rare, but
has occurred.

Eyes: In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for a t least 15 minutes. Get
medical aid immediately.
Skin: In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while
removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical aid immediately. Wash clothing before
reuse.
Ingestion: If swallowed, do NOT induce vomiting. Get medical aid immediately. If victim is
fully conscious, give a cupful of water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing
is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.
Notes to Physician: Persons with pre-existing skin disorders or impaired respiratory or
pulmonary function may be at increased risk to the effects of this substance. Treat
symptomatically and supportively.

demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire,
irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Use
water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Reacts with most metals to form highly
flammable hydrogen gas which can form explosive mixtures with air. Flammable liquid and
vapor. Vapors are heavier than air and may travel to a source of ignition and flash back. Vapors
can spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas.
Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, "alcohol resistant" foam, or carbon dioxide.
Flash Point: 39 deg C ( 102.20 deg F)
Autoignition Temperature: 426 deg C ( 798.80 deg F)
Explosion Limits, Lower:4.0 vol %
Upper: 19.9 vol %

Spills/Leaks: Absorb spill with inert material (e.g. vermiculite, sand or earth), then place in
suitable container. Wash area with soap and water. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-
proof tool. Provide ventilation. Use water spray to cool and disperse vapors, protect personnel,
and dilute spills to form nonflammable mixtures. Control runoff and isolate discharged material
for proper disposal. Spill may be carefully neutralized with soda ash (sodium carbonate).

Handling: Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before
reuse. Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on
clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous.
Discard contaminated shoes. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose
empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames. Use only with adequate ventilation. Keep away
from heat, sparks and flame. Do not breathe vapor or mist. Use corrosion-resistant transfer
equipment when dispensing.
Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep from contact with oxidizing materials.
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Do not store near
alkaline substances. Acetic acid should be kept above its freezing point of 62F(17C) to allow it
to be handled as a liquid. It will contract slightly on freezing. Freezing and thawing does not
affect product quality.

eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate general or local exhaust ventilation to keep
airborne concentrations below the permissible exposure limits. Use a corrosion-resistant
ventilation system.
Exposure Limits
Acetic acid 10 ppm TWA; 15 ppm STEL 10 ppm TWA; 25 mg/m3 TWA 50 ppm IDLH
10 ppm TWA; 25 mg/m3 TWA
OSHA Vacated PELs: Acetic acid: 10 ppm TWA; 25 mg/m3 TWA
Eyes: Wear chemical splash goggles and face shield.
Skin: Wear appropriate gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators: A respiratory protection program that meets OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI
Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace
conditions warrant respirator use.

Physical State: Liquid
Appearance: clear, colorless
Odor: pungent odor - vinegar odor
pH: <.01
Vapor Pressure: 11.4 mm Hg @ 20 deg C
Vapor Density: 2.10 (Air=1)
Evaporation Rate:0.97 (n-Butyl acetate=1)
Viscosity: 1.22 cP
Boiling Point: 117 - 118 deg C
Freezing/Melting Point:16.6 deg C
Decomposition Temperature:Not available.
Solubility: Soluble.
Specific Gravity/Density:1.05 (Water=1)
Molecular Formula:C2H4O2

Chemical Stability: Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage and
handling conditions.
Conditions to Avoid: Ignition sources, excess heat, freezing temperatures, confined spaces, Note:
Use great caution in mixing with water due to heat evolution that causes explosive spattering.
Always add the acid to water, never the reverse..
Incompatibilities with Other Materials: Metals, strong oxidizing agents, bases, chlorine
trifluoride, nitric acid, acetaldehyde, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, bromine pentafluoride,
perchloric acid, potassium tert-butoxide, ethyleneimine, 2-aminoethanol, ethylene diamine,
phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus isocyanate, chromic acid.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide.
RTECS#:
CAS# 64-19-7: AF1225000
LD50/LC50:
CAS# 64-19-7:
Draize test, rabbit, skin: 50 mg/24H Mild;
Inhalation, mouse: LC50 = 5620 ppm/1H;
Skin, rabbit: LD50 = 1060 uL/kg;
.Carcinogenicity:
Epidemiology: No information available.
Teratogenicity: No teratogenic effects were observed among the offspring of mice, rats, or
rabbits that had been given very large doses of apple cider vinegar (containing acetic acid) during
pregnancy.Acetic acid treatment of suckling rats (via maternal administration) was associated
with abnormalities of behavioral testing.
Reproductive Effects: Intratesticular, rat: TDLo = 400 mg/kg (male 1 day(s) pre-mating) Fertility
- male fertility index (e.g. # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile
nonpregnant females).
Mutagenicity: Sister Chromatid Exchange: Human, Lymphocyte = 5 mmol/L.; Unscheduled
DNA Synthesis: Administration onto the skin, mouse = 79279 ug/kg.; Cytogenetic Analysis:
Hamster, Ovary = 10 mmol/L.
Neurotoxicity: No information available.
Other Studies:

Ecotoxicity: Fish: Fathead Minnow: LC50 = 88 mg/L; 96 Hr; Static bioassay @ 18-22CFish:
Bluegill/Sunfish: LC50 = 75 mg/L; 96 Hr; UnspecifiedFish: Goldfish: LC50 = 423 mg/L; 24 Hr;
UnspecifiedWater flea Daphnia: EC50 = 32-47 mg/L; 24-48 Hr; UnspecifiedBacteria:
Phytobacterium phosphoreum: EC50 = 8.86-11 mg/L; 5,15,25 min; Microtox test If released to
water or soil, acetic acid will biodegrade readily. Evaporation from dry surfaces is likely to
occur. When spilled on soil, the liquid will spread on the surface and penetrate into the soil at a
rate dependent on the soil type and its water content. Acetic acid shows no potential for
biological accumulation or food chain contamination.
Environmental: If released to the atmosphere, it is degraded in the vapor-phase by reaction with
photochemically produced hydroyxl radicals (estimated typical half-life of 26.7 days). It occurs
in atmospheric particulate matter in acetate form and physical removal from air can occur via
wet and dry deposition.
Physical: Natural waters will neutralize dilute solutions to acetate salts.
Other: No information available.

US DOT Canada TDG
Shipping Name: ACETIC ACID, GLACIAL ACETIC ACID GLACIAL
Hazard Class: 8 8(3)
Packing Group: II II
US FEDERAL
TSCA
Chemical Test Rules
Section 12b
CAS# 64-19-7: 5000 lb final RQ; 2270 kg final RQ
SARA Codes
CAS # 64-19-7: immediate, delayed, fire.
Section 313 No chemicals are reportable under Section 313.
Clean Air Act:
Clean Water Act:
CAS# 64-19-7 is listed as a Hazardous Substance under the CWA.
OSHA:
STATE
CAS# 64-19-7 can be found on the following state right to know lists: California, New Jersey,
Pennsylvania, Minnesota, Massachusetts.
California Prop 65
Hazard Symbols:
C
Risk Phrases:
R 10 Flammable.
R 35 Causes severe burns.
Safety Phrases:
S 23 Do not inhale gas/fumes/vapour/spray.
S 26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of
water and seek medical advice.
S 45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice
immediately (show the label where possible).
CAS# 64-19-7: 1
Canada - DSL/NDSL
Canada - WHMIS
This product has a WHMIS classification of E, B3.
CAS# 64-19-7 is listed on the Canadian Ingredient Disclosure List.

Potassium nitrate
ACC# 19470
Identification
MSDS Name: Potassium nitrate
AC193800500, AC193802500, AC205910000, AC205910010, AC205915000, AC424150000,
AC424150050, AC424155000, 13620834, BP368-500, P261-3, P263-100, P263-3, P263-50,
P263-500, P383-100, P383-500
Synonyms: Nitric acid potassium salt; Niter; Saltpeter.
Fisher Scientific
1 Reagent Lane
Fair Lawn, NJ 07410

7757-79-1 Potassium nitrate 99+ 231-818-8

EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Appearance: white.
Danger! Strong oxidizer. Contact with other material may cause a fire. Hygroscopic (absorbs
moisture from the air).
Target Organs: None known.
Eye: May cause eye irritation.
Skin: May cause skin irritation. May be harmful if absorbed through the skin.
Ingestion: May cause irritation of the digestive tract. May be harmful if swallowed.
Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract irritation. May be harmful if inhaled. The toxicity of
nitrates is due to their in-vivo conversion to nitrites which may lead to methemoglobinemia.
Chronic: No information found.

Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the
upper and lower eyelids. If irritation develo ps, get medical aid.
Skin: Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing
contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical aid if irritation develops or persists.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Get medical aid if irritation or symptoms occur.
artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid if cough or other
symptoms appear.
Notes to Physician: Treat symptomatically and supportively.

demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Strong oxidizer.
Contact with other material may cause fire.
Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or chemical foam.
Flash Point: Not applicable.
Autoignition Temperature: Not available.
NFPA Rating: (estimated) Health: 1; Flammability: 1; Instability: 3; Special Hazard: OX

Spills/Leaks: Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Avoid
generating dusty conditions. Provide ventilation. Do not use combustible materials such as paper
towels to clean up spill. Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.,) away from spilled material.
Do not let this chemical enter the environment.

Handling: Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid
ingestion and inhalation. Use with adequate ventilation. Keep from contact with clothing and
other combustible materials.
Storage: Do not store near combustible materials. Store in a cool, dry place. Store in a tightly
closed container.

eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne concentrations
low.
Exposure Limits
Potassium nitrate none listed none listed none listed
OSHA Vacated PELs: Potassium nitrate: No OSHA Vacated PELs are listed for this chemical.
Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's
eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.
Skin: Wear appropriate gloves to prevent skin exposure.

Physical State: Crystals
Appearance: white
Odor: odorless
pH: 6 - 8 (5% aq. sol.)
Vapor Pressure: Not available.
Evaporation Rate:Not available.
Boiling Point: 400 deg C @ 760 mmHg
Decomposition Temperature:> 400 deg C
Solubility: 320 g/L (20C)
Specific Gravity/Density:2.11
Molecular Formula:KNO3
Chemical Stability: Hygroscopic: absorbs moisture or water from the air.
Conditions to Avoid: Incompatible materials, dust generation, combustible materials, organic
materials, exposure to moist air or water.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, reducing agents, combustible
and flammable materials (e.g. alkyl resins, asphalt, gasoline, grease, methyl acetone, polystyrene,
polyurethane).
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, oxygen.

RTECS#:
CAS# 7757-79-1: TT3700000
LD50/LC50:
CAS# 7757-79-1:
Oral, rabbit: LD50 = 1901 mg/kg;
Carcinogenicity:
Epidemiology: No information available.
Teratogenicity: No information available.
Reproductive Effects: See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.
Mutagenicity: See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.
Neurotoxicity: No information available.
Other Studies:

Ecotoxicity: No data available. No information available.
Environmental: Nitrates are predominantly used as fertilizer. Unfortunately, nitrates have a
tendency to migrate into groundwater as they do not bind to soil and are extremely
soluble.Excessive levels of nitrates in drinking water may cause serious illness and death. Infants
are most susceptible to nitrate toxicity. "Blue Baby Syndrome" can occur when the infant's
conversion of nitrate to nitrite interferes with the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
Symptoms of Blue Baby Syndrome include, but may not be limited to, shortness of breath and
bluish colored skin.
Physical: No information available.
Other: Do not empty into drains.


US DOT Canada TDG
Shipping Name: POTASSIUM NITRATE POTASSIUM NITRATE
Hazard Class: 5.1 5.1
Packing Group: III III

US FEDERAL
TSCA
Chemical Test Rules
Section 12b
SARA Codes
CAS # 7757-79-1: immediate, delayed, fire.
Section 313
This material contains Potassium nitrate (listed as Water Dissociable Nitrate Compounds),
99+%, (CAS# 7757-79-1) which is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 313 of
SARA Title III and 40 CFR Part 373.
Clean Air Act:
Clean Water Act:
OSHA:
STATE
CAS# 7757-79-1 can be found on the following state right to know lists: New Jersey,
Pennsylvania, Massachusetts.
California Prop 65
Hazard Symbols:
O
Risk Phrases:
R 8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire.
Safety Phrases:
S 17 Keep away from combustible material.
S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
CAS# 7757-79-1: 1
Canada - DSL/NDSL
Canada - WHMIS
This product has a WHMIS classification of C.
CAS# 7757-79-1 is not listed on the Canadian Ingredient Disclosure List.


Appendices Appendix A List and Uses of Apparatus

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Appendices Appendix A List and Uses of Apparatus

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APPENDICES

List and Uses of Apparatus

Analytical Balance is an instrument used to measure mass.

commonly used to measure the concentration of a compound in an aqueous solution.

Material Safety Data Sheet

Section 2 - Composition, Information on Ingredients

Section 3 - Hazards Identification

Potential Health Effects

Section 4 - First Aid Measures

Section 5 - Fire Fighting Measures

Section 6 - Accidental Release Measures

Section 7 - Handling and Storage

Section 8 - Exposure Controls, Personal Protection

Section 9 - Physical and Chemical Properties

Section 10 - Stability and Reactivity

Section 11 - Toxicological Information

Section 12 - Ecological Information

Section 13 - Disposal Considerations

Section 14 - Transport Information

WGK (Water Danger/Protection)

Section 16 - Additional Information

MSDS Creation Date: 4/17/1998

Magnesium chloride hexahydrate MSDS

Sodium Acetate, Anhydrous

Section 2 - Composition, Information on Ingredients

Section 4 - First Aid Measures

Section 5 - Fire Fighting Measures

Section 6 - Accidental Release Measures

Section 7 - Handling and Storage

Section 8 - Exposure Controls, Personal Protection

Section 9 - Physical and Chemical Properties

Section 10 - Stability and Reactivity

Section 11 - Toxicological Information

Section 12 - Ecological Information

Section 13 - Disposal Considerations

Section 14 - Transport Information

Section 15 - Regulatory Information

WGK (Water Danger/Protection)

Section 16 - Additional Information

Acetic acid, >96%

Section 2 - Composition, Information on Ingredients

Section 4 - First Aid Measures

Section 5 - Fire Fighting Measures

Section 6 - Accidental Release Measures

Section 7 - Handling and Storage

Section 8 - Exposure Controls, Personal Protection

Section 9 - Physical and Chemical Properties

Section 10 - Stability and Reactivity

Section 12 - Ecological Information

Section 14 - Transport Information

Section 15 - Regulatory Information

Section 16 - Additional Information

Section 2 - Composition, Information on Ingredients

Section 3 - Hazards Identification

Section 4 - First Aid Measures

Section 5 - Fire Fighting Measures

Section 6 - Accidental Release Measures

Section 7 - Handling and Storage

Section 8 - Exposure Controls, Personal Protection

Section 9 - Physical and Chemical Properties

Section 11 - Toxicological Information

Section 12 - Ecological Information

Section 13 - Disposal Considerations