EXPERIMENT NO.

9
Statement:
To investigate and calculate the magnitude (frequency, Amplitude) of vibrations
with the help of vibration analyzer.

Apparatus:
Vibration analyzer

Theory:
Vibration analyzer:
A vibration analyzer is used for testing and inspection in manufacturing production
facilities, product development laboratories, construction sites and more. A
vibration analyzer can measure vibrations and oscillations in machines and
installations as well as in tools or components. A vibration analyzer also is used to
assess a machine's axis of rotation. If there is rotating unbalance, the rotor may be
exchanged during a scheduled downtime of the machine. (see figure below)

Measurements obtained by a vibration analyzer typically identify parameters of

vibration acceleration, vibration velocity and vibration displacement. In this way,
vibration is recorded with great precision. Portable vibration analyzer devices
provide accuracy and mobility, allowing for vibration measurements to be taken
effectively and conveniently in the field. Many vibration analyzer products feature

Figure 1 Vibration analyzer

memories for storing vibration measurement data for further analysis.

Machine Vibrations:
Machine vibration is simply the back-and forth movement of machines or machine
components. Any component that moves back and forth or oscillates is vibrating.
Machine vibration can take various forms. A machine component may vibrate over
large or small distances, quickly or slowly, and with or without perceptible sound or
heat. Machine vibration can often be intentionally designed and so have a functional
purpose. At other times machine vibration, can be unintended and lead to machine
damage. Most times machine vibration is unintended and undesirable
Causes of vibrations:
1. Repeating forces (static and dynamic unbalance)
2. Resonance
3. Misalignment
4. Looseness
5. Broken and worn gears and bearings, etc.

Effects of vibrations
1. Fatigue failure
2. Noise pollution
3. Severe machine damage
4. Work life at risk
5. Efficiency loss, etc.

Procedure:
1. First, select the part to be tested.
2. Then, turn on the machine. Check the root loads. If it is right the move
forward otherwise reset, it.
3. Attached the accelerometer to the various points on the part and check which
point gives maximum vibration.
4. After selecting the point, make the graph of vibration.
5. Compare the graph with the standards. This gives us the fault in the
machine/part.

Comments:
1. Place the accelerometer as closer to the part as possible.
2. Check different points to locate the faulty position.
3. Save the points to prevent data loose.
4. Use previously saved data points to compare the results after the correction.