NOLOGY INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND ‘THIRUVANANTHAPURAM 695 547 B.Tech End Semester Examination - May 2014 AE323 ~ Air Breathing Propulsion Time: 3 Hours Date: 02/05/2014 Max. Marks: 100 Part—A (10 x 2 Marks = 20 Marks) al ramjet engine showing both the static and the stagnation 1. Draw the hes and p-v diagram of an properties? ~_7* raw the i-s and p-v diagram of a real compressor showing only the stagnation properties? Write the expression to estimate the change in entropy across the real compressor? 3: A Separate flow turbofan engine develops exhaust velocities of 450 m/s and 350 mvs in the core and fan nozzles respectively. The nozzles are perfectly expanded. The mass flow rate through the core nozzle is 30 ke/s and through the fan nozzle is 350 kg/s. Calculate the gross thrust of the core and the fan nozzles ‘4 Why centrfgal compressor generates higher stage pressure rato than an axial compressor? Explain With the help of rotational stagnation enthalpy and blade speed? \_-45-" Why the design of inlet is more challenging than the design of nozzle? 6.” What is Buz instability? <-* Deine self ignition temperature and flame speed? _A¥ Wien do we choose a C-D nozzle with its added weight and complexity over a simple, light weight convergent nozzle? 9--Draw the combined velocity triangle diagram of fro Yeeton axial compressor stage at the inlet and exit of the rotor? 10-Draw the enthalpy-entropy diagram of centrifugal compressor? Show both absolute and relative stagnation enthalpies? yet esd Peep pers 11. An ideal Brayton cycle is operating with a compression ratio of 20, a compressor inlet temperature of 300 K and a turbine inlet temperature of 1800 K. Find the thermal eff incy of the cycle and compare With the efficiency of a Camot engine working between the same temperature limits, Ke femperatures of compressor and turbine fixed at 300 K and 1800 K, estimate the pressure ratio and the thermal efficiency at the maximum net work output provided by the Brayton cycle. (¢, = 1.004 ki/kg K and y =1.4) (12 Marks) 12-A ramietis to propel an aircraft at Mach 3 at high altiude where the ambient Pressure is 8.5 kPa and the ambient temperature is 220 K. The turbine inlet temperature is 2540 K If all the components of th ionless ~ determine (a) the thermal efficiency (b) the Propulsion efficiencyand the (c) overall efficiency. Let the speci appropriate to f<< 1, (8 Marks) Methane is burning in atmospheric air (21% O2 and 79% N; by volume) in a premixed mode, Assume heat ratio be y = 1.4 and make the approximations that the flame is not exchanging energy with the surroundings and the stable products formed are in gaseous phase and also there is no issociation. Initial pressure and temperature of the premixed methane air mixture is_1 bar and 298 K. The mole fraction of oxygen in the products is measured as 5%, Estimate the ‘equivalence ratio of the mixture and-the flame. temperature? (20 Marks) (4. Three supersonic lets named isentropic CD inlet, the KD inlet and simple normal shock inlet performance in terms of stagnation pressure ratio across them needs to be evaluated. Assume that all the inlets are operating at their best back pressure condition. For a design flight Mach number 2, estimate the stagnation pressure ratio across each of the inlets. (10 Marks) 15. Consider the two jensional supersonic intake as shown in the figure. The free stream Mach number is 30. The intake has a three shock system as shown. Determine the overall total pressure ratio and the ‘overall static pressure ratio. (10 Marks) oo locity component of 200 m/s (uniform through the stage). The absolute flow angle at the outlet from stator is 65° from the axial direction. At the design point, what is the work done by the fluid at mid radius on the rotor (ki/kg)? (10 Marks) 5 17. An impulse turbine and 50% reaction ae are operating at different rotor speeds, In both cases the absolute velocity at the exit of stator isa 40 400 m/s and the exit stator blade angle is c2 = = 70° and the absolute velocity atthe exit of rotor (C3) ig axial. Ifthe turbine blades are uncooled and well insulated from the turbine disc, approximately what would be the exit stagnation temperature of the rotor be in each case, for an inlet stagnation gas temperature To, = T 1187 J/kg K. (10 Marks) = 1100 K. The specific heat for the flow is (Questions during the exam are not allowed. If you feel shortage of data, assume the same and mention it in your answer sheet)