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a Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology ger \ AE 322 Spaceflight Mechanics VI Semester, B Tech Aerospace Engineering, End Semester (05-05-2014) Duration : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 50 (State assumptions and give illustrations wherever required) _A) a) Starting from Newton's inverse square law, derive the equations of motion of a body in motion around a central body in relative form. 5) Calculate the magnitude of acceleration experienced by a spacecraft at an altitude of 500 km due to Earth. What are the assumptions for this calculation. (2.5 + 1.5) 4 Marks 2) a) Derive an expression to find the eccentricity vector if the radius and velocity vectors are known. b) Prove that the eccentricity vector is towards periapsis vector. _~ -(2.5 + 1.5) 4 Marks _3/2) Define Eccentric anomaly and derive the conic equation in terms of EA A spacecraft is in orbit around Earth. Its perigee and apogee altitudes are 250 km and 10000 km respectively. The spacecraft’s current altitude is 3000 km with positive flight path angle. Find the time taken by the spacecraft to reach this altitude from periapsis. sae ay < Ee (2.5 + 2.5) 5 Marks 4) a) Distinguish between direct and retrograde orbits. ? b) Define a two body problem and give a procedure to solve the two body problem. c) Find the Julian date for the civil date 1* January 2000, 12 noon. y= 307y—7 [HMA , BEM Sp + 1721013.5) (1.5 +3 +1.5) 6 Marks 5) a) Distinguish between the Geoid and Oblate spheroid in terms of harmonic coefficients. b) Discuss different types of harmonic coefficients of non-spherical potential ©) A spacecraft is orbiting the Earth in 70 deg inclined orbit. Its argument of perigee is 150 deg. Discuss the effect of oblateness on the spacecraft’s perigee location of the: orbit relative to descending node. A er At Ay L 4 yon AM PYys we | Can a ow of v W aw 5)" a) Find the magnitude of acceleration due to non rotating atmospheric drag on a E Spacecraft orbiting the Earth in 200 km circular orbit . The ballistic coefficient is 50 \\., kg/m’, b) Find the life time of the spacecraft in 200 x 547 km orbit assuming constant density and ballistic coefficient. (Density at 200 km altitude is 2.557, kg/m’; at 300 km = 1.708 kg/m?; af 400 km altitude = 2.249 kg/m’) yo X07 violas -(2.5 +1.5) 4 Marks oo 7) 2) The energy of the orbit is to be increased. Derive conditions that will lead to maximum energy change. 5) Explain Hohmann transfer with assumptions and illustration ) Design a Hohmann transfer with minimum transfer time between 500 x 5000 km to 6000 x 10000 km Earth orbits. The perigee locations of these orbits are in the opposite directions, -(2+2+3) 7 Marks j 8) Design a Feasible Rendezvous maneuver for the space vehicles as given in the eo F ty A a 5 E 8 / “ y a4 Ye 180° Chaser. v £ A\ a a 300% 300 km a MEN Je W ie om -4 Marks 9) a) Derive relations to design a general plane change maneuver b) A space craft is in an a circular orbit of 300 km with an orbital inclination is to be reduced to 15 deg, The nodal deg. Design a plane change maneuver. inclination of 30 deg, The change must be kept as 30 (2.5 +2.5) 5 Marks ‘of Earth = 6378 km torial radius of Moon =

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