Producerea Rasinilor

Dispersions for Architectural
Coatings:
Elton seminar
12.02.2008
Luis Santos
E-EDK/BA
Marketing Architectural Coatings

E-EDK/BA
Santos: E-EDK/BA 1
Dispersions for Architectural coatings
Content
1-Chemistry, Principles
2- Binders
3-Straight acrylic dispersions
4. SA dispersions, Applications
5-Exterior paints
6-Silicate paints
7-Textured paints
8-Flexible coatings (6267, 6252)
9-Low VOC paints
10-Marble stone finishes (A 754, DS 6266)
11-Interior paints
12-House paints (A 684)
13-Gloss paints
14-Wood coatings CONTENT
15-Primers
16-floor coatings
15-Additives
L.Santos: E-EDK/BA 2
BASF
Our chemistry and product range - Backward Integration
Crude Oil Aromatics Benzene Maleic acid
Cyclohexanone Binders
Styrene S/A-Dispersions
Naphta Ethylene Methacrylic acid Methacrylic ester PA-Dispersions
Vinyl chloride VC-Copolymers
Ethylen oxide Emulsifier Polyacrylate resins
Propylene Propylen oxide Polyetherols Acrylic ester resins
Acrylonitrile Diisocyanates Aldehyde resins
Acrylic acid Acrylic esters Crosslinkers
Butyraldehyde Oxoalcohols Polyisocyanates
Natural gas Acetylene Vinyl ether Melamine resins
Ammonia Urea Melamine Urea resins
Synthetic gas Methanol Formaldehyde
Functional Polymers and its position in the
BASF value chain
Functional Polymers Non Functional Polymers
Basic Chemicals Monomers Polymers Markets/Customer

Merchant Market for
Naphtha
Acrylic Acid &
Acrylic Monomers
Propylene Acrylic Acid Superabsorbents
Hygiene Industry
Dispersions
Oxo Alcohols Acrylic Monomers Adhesive Industry
Straight Acrylics
Styrene Acrylics
Styrene Butadiene Construction Industry
Styrene
(XSB+HSL)
Acrylic Solutions Architectural Coatings
Butadiene
Acrylic Resins
Acrylic Powders Fiber Bonding Industry
& Carpet Industry
Ethylen imine Polyethylene imine Paper Industry

Vinylformamid Polyvinylamine
Dyes Medical Membranes
LPG Acetylene n-Vinylpyrrolidon Polyvinylpyrrolidon Pharma & Cosmetics

L.Santos:
1. BASF GroupE-EDK/BA
2. Functional Polymers Division 3. Regional Business Unit Adhesive and Construction Polymers Europe 4. Strategic Business Units 5
Functional Polymers Division
Global Positioning to Serve Customers
Hamina
Antwerp
Monaca Ludwigshafen
Appleton
Chattanooga Tarragona Gebze

Portsmouth Nanjing
Freeport Yokkaichi
Aberdeen Karachi Shanghai
Altamra Rayong
Thane
Mangalore Kuantan
Jakarta
Lima
Guaratinguet
Melbourne
Concn General Lagos
Monomers SAP Polymers
L.Santos:
Strategic Business Unit
Architectural Coatings
Market Segments
Wood
Wood Paints
Paints
Exterior
Exterior Paints
Paints Interior
Interior Paints
Paints
Construction Coatings Gloss Paints

Elastomeric Coatings
L.Santos:
Dispersions for Architectural coatings: Binders
Dispersions Emulsions
Acrylics
Gloss
Dispersions paints
Elastomeric
Wood
coatings
Emulsions
Con. Roof
Exterior Tiles
Vinylcopolymers Interior Styrene acrylics
Influence of monomer composition

60
%
Typical water absorption (%) from paint

50 films after 24 h water imersion
40
Monomer Glass transition temperature,
Tg (C)
Acrylic acid esther
30
Methyl-acrylate MA ca. +6
Ethyl-acrylate EA ca. -26
n-Buthyl-acrilate nBA ca. -53
t-Buthy-acrylate tBA ca. +55 20
2-Ethyl Hexyl acrylate EHA ca. - 60
metacrylic acid esther 10

Methyl metacrylate MMA ca. +105
Buthyl metacrylate BMA ca. +40 Polimer composition
0
St/ Acr Acr VAc/ E VAc/ Vers VPr/ Acr VAc/ Acr VPr VC/ VAc/ E VAc/Vers/Acr
Styrene S ca. +95
Monomer Tg (C) Water absorption 50
after 24h (%)
Pure Acrylic dispersions MMA, nBA 13 12 45
Styrene Acrylic S, nBA 20 8 40
dispersions
35
30
25
not saponificated saponificated
20
15
10
Hydrolisis of paint (in %) after 5
Polimer composition
24 h with 1N NaOH/ 60C 0
St/ Acr Acr VPr/ Acr VAc/ E VAc/E/ VC VAc/ Acr VPr VAc/ Ve rs VAc
Preferred paint application

Composition UV - Saponifi- Water- Pigment Prefered paint
Resistance cation uptake binding power application
Pure Acrylics very good very low Low ca. low gloss emulsion paints
to 12% wood stains
good exterior TiO2 free
Styrene/ good extremely extremely very good exterior and interior paints,
Acrylics to low low ca. 8% textured finishes; primers
very good
Vac- gloss emulsion paints
Copolymer. exterior paints
VeoVa very good low rel. high low textured finishes
interior paints
Vac-Acrylics very good high very high more or less exterior paints
interior paints
Vac/VC/E low very high high low EIFS
Straight acrylics/ pure acrylics : based on acrylic esters and methacrylic esters
UV-stability, hydrophobicity, chemical resistance, water vapour permeability . Mainly applied for low
pigmentation paint grades
Acylic-styrene-copolymers (SA) : based on acrylic esters, (methacrylic esters) and styrene

saponification resistance, hydrophobicity, pigment binding capacity, highest gloss, excellent cost/
performance ratio. Mainly applied for highly filled paints BINDERS
General evaluation between dispersions

St/Acr (290D)
Water up-take
5 St/ Acr (EHA/St)
Price /Quality Yellowing Acr (BuA/MMA)

4
Acr (BuA/EA or MMA/EA)
3 VAc/Vers
Easy to handle 2 Saponification
0
Free monom. UV Resistance / out door
Shear stress stability Pigment-Binding power
superficial self degradation Water vapour permeability (1:1)
Possible application of the dispersion type

St/Acr (290D)
Facade paints
5 St/ Acr (EHA, EA/St)
Cement modifications Gloss/ Satin paints Acr (BuA/MMA)
4 Acr (BuA/EA)
3 VAc/Vers
Anti-corrosion coatings High PVC paints
2
Wood coatings 0 Elastic paints
Textured paints Primer to mineral substrates
Low odour paints Plasters / Mortar
Silicate paints
Where are applyed the acrylic dispersions
Pure Principal area of application

Acrylic li i
Styrene
Principal area of application
Acrylic li i
... Wood coatings ... ....... Intern paint .......

Application Water based gloss paint Primer and undercoats
Transparent / Stain varnishes ... Facade paints .....
Gloss High gloss ...... Satin/ matt paint .......

level Satin paint Total matt
PVC 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%
One of the first links in a refinement chain
Monomers
Pigments, Fillers
EDK/BA Producers of
Binders paints Additives
and lacquers *)
*)
Solvents
*): Influenced by Distribution

Surface materials,
Coating technology,
Legislation DIY Applicators *)
Consumer
Coated surface *)
<<
Straight Acrylics dispersions chart

Double crosslinking, DS 6257 X APEO- free
High gloss, solvent free
elastic
DS 6277 X
Crosslinking; weather hard, blocking DS 6260/ 61
Low stab. LR 8960 resistant
LR 9014
wet adhesion
R/blocking DS 6276 X
low odour, CIT free,
Emulsion gloss paints
core/shell wood coatings/ stains fine particle, clear R/blocking
low VOC
A 509 solvent-free, low odour DS 6270 X
Good for
fine particle size, good penetration A 508 unpigmented
MFFT primer
Nano composite
Universal character Identical to 18 D,
A 754 but DS 6266 UV
(ex-DS 6254) stabiliy.
Col.9 DS 1100X
wet adhesion
House paints
Low PVC, APEO free A 684
APEO-free BDS
high crosslinking 8995 (RA) / 1070 8979 (SA) / 1051
With adhesion promotor
wet adhesion, DS 6262 X
block resistance
Floor paint 8974 (RA) No R/ Ca effluorescence
hard
A 706 Emulsion gloss 8972 New, comes from 9009
paint; swimming
pool paint 9006 Grund dispers. von 1070
9009 Clear coat on concrete, new

Luhydran A 848 S develop. in whitening, coagulat...
L.Santos: E-EDK/BA hard, chemical resistant 15
Straight Acrylics dispersions table

APE-free
Dispersion Solids MFFT Observations
[%] [C]
Acronal A 508 (ex-DS 6208) 41 1 a), especially for mineral grounds
Acronal A 509 50 5 outstanding b); Gloss: flat gloss
Acronal A 706 (ex-DS 6058) 48 26 c), f) > A 603, sw imming pool; Gloss: high; self-crosslinking
Acronal A 684 50 16 low e) , a) excellent a); univ.; Gloss: flat/gloss
Luhydran A 848 S 44,5 39 f) , g), d); gloss paints; self-crosslinking
Acronal LR 8960 50 <3 c), flexible, good d); Gloss: flat/gloss; CS
Acronal DS 6270 X 50 <2 Low VOC paints
Adronal LR 9014 45 3 semi/high gloss; CS (core shell)
Acronal A 754 (DS 6254) 48 13 universal
Acronal DS 6266 48 14 gloss, floor paints
Acronal DS 6257 X 60 <1 elastic; Gloss: Flat/silk
Acronal DS 6262 X 50 16 - 24 Gloss: Semi/gloss
Observations: a): Good adhesion, b) wheatering resistance; c): blocking resistant; d) wet adhesion; e): dirt pick-up, f) hardness; g):
chemically resistant; CS: core shell; <<
Styrene Acrylics dispersions chart

APEO- free
Elastomeric
Coatings
UV-crosslinking
567 D DS 6252
silicate&mineral /low VOC
Pigment binding power
S 559
low Wet adhesion,

low tack
S 563
low dirt pick-up DS 6258 X
(stain blocking)
tack-free, water resistant water sensitivity

Low VOC paints LR 8976
MFFT tannin blocking
S 726 stain&tannin
primer, taninblock,
290 D/ 296 D APEO-free ammonia -free stainblocking.
S 790 S 716
Universal products
S 710 with adhesion promotor for
adhesion to tiles mineral substrates. Good in
high DS 5013
adhesion to ceramics
high gloss, long open time DS 6275 hybrid tech. AqaGloss Hybrid
high gloss
blocking resistant, crosslinking at higher temp.
S 980
Fiber cement
L.Santos: E-EDK/BA
STYRENE ACRYLICS 17
Styrene Acrylics dispersions table

APE-free
Dispersion Solids MFFT Observ.

[%] [C]
Acronal 567 D 50 1 Standard elastic
Acronal S 559 (ex-LR 8959) 50 3 Gloss: Flat
Acronal S 563 (ex- DS 6203) 50 3 Gloss: Flat/silk; a): good
Acronal 290 D/ 296 D 50 20 universal
Acronal S 716 50 22 low odour
Acronal S 726 45 8 tanin block
Acronal S 790 (ex-LR 8961) 50 20 universal
Acronal LR 8976 52 1 Gloss: Flat/silk, mortar compatible
Acronal DS 6275 46 21 Gloss: High
Acronal DS 6252 50 1 elastic, UV X-link.
Acronal DS 6258 X 50 3 Gloss: Flat/silk
a): Wet adhesio n
Dispersions for Architectural coatings: Applications
Dispersions: Field of application

Field of application Recommended Also possible
Faades Acronal 290 D/ S 790 A 754; A 509;
Silicone paints Acronal 290 D/ S 790 Acronal S 559
Silicate & mineral paints Acronal S 559 Acronal 290 D/ S 790
House Paints Acronal A 684 / LR 9014
Textured paints Acronal 290 D/ S 790 Acronal S 559
Marble stone finishes Acronal A 684/ A 754
Elastomeric coatings: Acronal DS 6252/ DS 6257 X, 567 D
Primers Acronal A 508 Acronal LR 8976/ S 559
Stain blocking primers Acronal S 726, LR 8976, DS 6258 X
Interior paints Acronal 290 D/ S 790 Acronal S 559
Low VOC- Interior paints Acronal S 559/ DS 6258 X/ LR 8976 Acronal S 563 / DS 6255X
Emulsion satin paints Acronal 290 D/ S 790 / DS 6275
Wood stains/ coatings Acronal LR 9014/ LR 8960 Acronal A 754, A 684; Luh. A 848 S
Mid to High gloss Paints Acronal LR 9014/ DS 6275 / A 706
High gloss Paints AQAgloss X / Acronal DS 6275 Acronal LR 9014
Floor paints Acronal DS 6262
Swimming pool paints Acronal A 706
Tile coatings Acronal DS 5013
Concrete Roof tiles Acronal 9006
APPLICATIONS
Crosslinking at high temperatures-cement/ Fibre cement coatings : Acronal S 980/ Luhydran A 848 S <<
Dispersions for Architectural coatings: Exterior paint
Exterior paint : Flat and Textured paints

TOPICS: FUNCTIONS:
Protection of Substrate against:
Function and properties needed
Binder types and properties Humidity/Rain
PVC and application properties of different paints Wind
Types of exterior paints in Europe Frost
Sunlight, UV-radiation
Main problems in exterior paints Micro organisms
Renovation and water based primers (Acr. A 508) Air impurities
Future trends and further commends Dirt
Solvent-free exterior paints (Acr. DS 6258 X)
New binders for elastomeric coatings (Acr. DS 6252;
DS 6257 X)
House paints with universal adhesion and for tiles
(Acr. A 684)
Nanocomposites a new binder generation for exterior
paints (Col. 9 DS 1100)
Smart coatings paints with extra functionality
Drying accelerators to elongate painting season
(Basophob RSP)
Water perling effect paints (Acr.l S 790, DS 6258 X)
and photocatalyt. paints
Decoration and Aesthetics
EXTERIOR PAINTS Colour, texture, appearance

Binders used: Main Properties:
Polymer Dispersions: long term durability (no yellowing, no

fading, no chalking etc.)
Acrylic copolymers (straight
or pure acrylics) resistance to dirt pick-up and micro
Acrylic-styrene-copolymers organisms (fungi, algae)
(styrene-acrylics)
water resistance and water barrier
Vinylester copolymers: properties
Vinyl acetate / Ethylen/ VC
Vinyl acetate / Acrylate water vapor permeability (possibility
Vinyl acetate / Vinyl versatate of re-drying the substrate)
(Vinyl acetate / Maleate) good adhesion (under dry and wet
conditions) to all possible substrates
Silicon Resins
elasticity and crack-bridging ability
Water glass no efflorescence and no snail trails
Lime environmental friendliness
excellent application behavior

Main types:
Dispersion paints (acrylic, styrene acrylic or Textured finishes, plasters, structured paints
vinylester-based, (very often in D, CH, Au,
PVC 50 to 60 %, low water uptake, durability and Pl etc.; especially on Exterior Insulation Finishing
color strength, good adhesion) Systems; EIFS)
Sil-paints (styrene acrylic, high PVC > 65 %, open Colored aggregates (clear acrylic polymer matrix
porous, low cost) with imbedded
marble stones or quartz)
Silicon resin paints (styrene acrylics with silicon
resin emulsion, high PVC, open porous, high water Elastomeric paints (low PVC 30 45 %, crack-
resistance, excellent water-vapor permeability, bridging ability;
algae and fungi resistant, highest quality mainly in Portugal, Spain and France)
reputation)
House paints (dispersion paint, universal
Dispersion silicate paints (acrylics with character, excellent adhesion to all kind of
potassium water glass, mineral character, substrates, wood, metal, mineral, plastics;
desinfective, often used for renovation of historical specialty;
buildings) PVC < 50 %)
Lime or mineral paints (cheap, in Southern Special types (e.g. sol-silicate, water pearling
Europe and for renovation, desinfective, water- effect, antigraffiti, winter paints, smart coatings
vapor permeable, low water resistance, chalking) etc.)

Properties Dispersion Sil Silicate Silicon resin
Paints Paints Paints Paints Effect of PVC and type of formulation
Water uptake + +/ to + to + ++ on dirt pick-up behavior
10 E
Water vapor to +/ + ++ + to ++
Silicate
permeability
8 Silicone
Chalking + to ++ +/ to to + PVC 21%
resistance 6 PVC 31%
PVC 57%
Elasticity ++ to +
Sil PVC 65%
Adhesion ++ + +/ + 4
Dirt pick-up to + + ++ +
2
Resistance
Time of exposure (months)
Color tones ++ +/- +/
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Renovation:
Old painters rule: A paint is only as good as the quality of the substrate. Adhesion loss very often the
reason for reclaims in exterior paints !
Pretreatment of great importance: Check the substrate (old paintings) , Surface mechanically cleaned and
disinfested, fix the substrate with deep penetrating primer, repair cracks, and finally ...
apply the paint in 3 coats at least in 2 (the first one diluted), being the total layer at least ca. 300 g/m2.
Exterior coatings Pointers

Pointers: Future Trends:
Seasonality
New application technologies to reduce
Price pressure; lack of differentiation labor costs
(e.g. spraying instead of roller
Low building activities in Europe; more application)
focus on renovation
Application under critical conditions (low
Thermal insulation needed (energy saving) temperature, high humidity, rainy
period); elongation of painting season
VOC-limitations (in future also for exterior
paints; greenhouse effect induced by VOCs) Self-priming paints or one-coat
systems;
Universal character for renovation needed ease of application
Cost effective application Paints with adhesion to all kind of
substrates
European harmonization; e.g. (e.g. for renovation)
new norm EN 1062 (water vapor
transmission and CO2 Thermal insulation systems for facades
permeability, capillary (EIFS)
water-uptake, crack-bridging Smart Coatings with extra functionality
properties, labeling.......) (e.g. self cleaning, IR-reflective etc.)
Algae and fungi protection Antigraffity coatings
More color
Solvent-free or solventpoor exterior
paints
Exterior paints/ Summary: Trends and possibilities

Different exterior paints with different profiles Nanocomposites; new inorganic/organic
today existing in parallel in the European hybrids (prototype Col. 9 DS 1100 X) offer new
Architectural Coatings Market (dispersion paints, properties to exterior paints (e.g. dirt pick-up
elastomeric paints, silicon resin paints, silicate resistance, water-vapor permeability)
paints etc.)
Polyamine drying accelerators (Basophob
Further possibilities for Southern European RSP, RSI) help to increase painting season
Market (EIFS, textured finishes, sol-silicate etc.)
realized in other countries New low Tg binders for elastomeric paints (e.g.
Acronal DS 6252, DS 6257 X) available for higher
Solvent-free exterior paints with excellent PVC paints
properties possible today (e.g. Acronal S 559,
DS 6258 X) Smart coatings with extra functionality are the
new market trend (e.g. self cleaning by photo
House paints based on new binders (e.g. Acronal catalysis or water pearling effect)
A 684, LR 9014) offer better or universal substrate
adhesion; special binders for tile coatings
available (e.g. S 710, DS 5013 X)
Fine-sized, water-based acrylic primers (e.g

Acronal A 508) help to overcome adhesion loss
Dispersions for Architectural coatings: Exterior paints
Exterior paints: parameters of classification

Exterior paints & coatings (EN 1062-1)
Dry coating thickness / paint Particle size (EN-ISI 1524;
Gloss (EN ISO 2813) ISO 787-7 & 787-18)
consumption (EN 1062-1)
G1 Glossy >60% (angle 60) S1 Fine < 100 m
E1 < 50 m
G2 Silk-gloss <60% (angle 60) S2 Medium < 300 m
E2 > 50 m to < 100 m
>10% (angle 85) S3 Coarse < 1.500 m
E3 > 100 m to < 200 m
G3 Matt < 10% (angle 85) S4 Very coarse > 1.500 m
E4 > 200 m to < 400 m
E5 > 400 m
CO2 permeability ((EN 1062-6)
C0 no requirement Water vapor permeability (EN ISO 7783-2)
C1 < 5 g/(m . day) Sd > 50 m V0 no requirement
V1 high > 150 g/(m . d) Sd < 0,14 m
V2 medium < 150 > 15 g /(m d) Sd > 0,14 < 1,4 m
.
Crack bridging (EN 1062-7, method 1)
V3 low < 15 g /(m . d) Sd > 1,4 m
A0 no requirement
A1 > 100 m at speed: - Water permeability (EN 1062-3)
A2 > 250 m at speed: 0,05 mm/min. W0 no requirement
A3 > 500 m at speed: 0,05 mm/min. W1 high > 0,5 kg/(m.h0,5)
A4 > 1.250 m at speed: 0,5 mm/min. W2 medium <0,5 >0,1 kg/(m.h0,5)
A5 > 2.500 m at speed: 0,5 mm/min W3 low <0,1 kg/(m.h0,5)
EN 1062-1 G E S V W A C
Dispersions for Architectural coatings: Exterior paints
Guiding formulations
Dispersions: exterior- Faades - general use

Universal use APE Type Solids MFT Field of application
Acronal A 754 free A 48 17 C Faade paints, mineral & wood, marble stone finishes
Acronal A 509 No A 50 5 C Mineral faade paints
Acronal DS 6270X free A 50 ca. 1C low VOC, also for exterior (replacement of LR 9001)
Acronal A 684 free A 50 17 C Marble stone finishes, House Paints, good adhesion
Acronal DS 6266 free A 48 14C Replacement of Acr. 18 D with good exterior resistance.
Acronal 290 D No SA 50 20C Faades - Silicone normal+ textured paints

Acronal S 790 free SA 50 20 C id. To 290 D
Acronal S 716 free SA 50 25 C Ammonia, odor free faade and textured paints
Acronal S 559 free SA 50 3 C Faades Silicone, silicate, low VOC
Elastomerics APE Type Solids MFT Field of application
Acronal DS 6258X free SA* 50 3C Low dirt pick-up, good scrub resistance, good blocking properties
Plastilit
Acronal3060
LR 8976 free plasticizer;
SA* 52polypropylene
1 C glycolalkyl-phenyl ether stain-blocking dispersion, NH3 free, also interior
Mat and satin paints,
(ca. of 1 to 4 % to increase elasticity of 290 D
Acron. 567 D No SA 50 < 1 C elastomeric paints ( Tg -6C) no X-linking

Acron.
Acron. DS 6252 free SA 50 < 1 C elastomeric Paints ( Tg -5C) with X-linking
Acronal DS 6257 free A 60 < 1 C elastomeric Paints ( Tg -28C)
Notes: APEO-free: colour green; A: Straight acrylic; SA: Styrene acrylic; CS: Core shell, Bold: active; not Bold:
*
withdraw ; in italic: cancelled; Styrene optimized acrylic
Dispersions: exterior- with wet adhesion
With wet adhesion APE Type Solids MFT Field of application
Acronal DS 6262X free A 50 24C Harder development of A 603. Floor paint. Rich emulsion paints.
Acronal A 706 No A 48 24 C Swimming pool and satin gloss paints
Acronal A 684 free A 50 17 C House Paints, Mable stone finish, excellent wet adhesion
Acronal LR 8960 free A- CS 50 <3C Wood coatings and stains.
Acronal LR 9014 free A- CS 45 3C Wood coatings and stains. Clear protection of concrete. Rich
emulsion paints, high glossy to satin paints , low VOC
Luhydran A 848 S free A 45 39 C suitable for fiber mortar & roof paints. Combin. with CS dispers.
Acronal S 563 free SA 50 3 C low voc House Paints, until satin gloss paint, good wet adhesion
*
withdraw ; in italic: cancelled; Styrene optimized acrylic <<
Silicate paints
Properties:
Mineral binder
Lower superficial tension, non film formation
Non thermoplastic
Adhesion due to chemical reaction with the
substrate
High water vapor permeability
High CO2 permeability
Dispersion based paint Silicate paint
Silicate paints: Silicate-dispersion paints: Low water up take (w < 0,1 kg/(m2.h0,5)
Potassium water glass Potassium water glass
+
Pigments Pigments
High water vapor permeab. (SD < 0,14 m)
Fillers Fillers
=
No organic components Dispersion
Longer resistance,
Inorganic binding Organic components < 5%
lower dirt pick up and
2 components Mainly inorganic binding
SILICATE
2 components no presence of algae or fungus
PAINTS
Silicate paints
6000 40
Influence of binder ratio Organic- Amount of waterglass decreasing from 7.0% to 4.2%
Inorganic 35
5000
Outdoor exposure after 3 years shows a 30
total degradation where no organic 4000 Polymer content 5 wt%
25
binder is used and a perfect surface after
3000 DIN Scrub 20
3 years of exposure when an optimized
amount of organic binder is used. ISO Scrub 15
2000
The optimized ratio organic binder: water 10
glass, reported in solids in relation to the 1000
5
Delta E are the following ones: Ratio organic to inorganic (dry on dry by wt)
0 0
E (Cielab) 4,03 1,78 1,05 0,7 0,75 0,8 0,85 0,9 0,95 1 1,05 1,1 1,15 1,2
Chalk (0-5) 0 1 2 With increasing ratio organic: inorganic decreases also

drastically the adhesion and increases the drying time at
Polymer, solid, % 10 10 10 low temperatures
Waterglass, solid, % 0 2,8 5,6
Amount of TiO2
Other important issues to have in mind :
Selection of appropriate thickeners
Different fillers (type and amount) to verify
which are the ones which more influence Selection of pigment dispersers in order to have
chalking more stable dispersion (this is optimized with
<<
Polyacrylates and Polyphosphonates)
Guiding formulations- silicate paints
Dispersions for Architectural coatings: textured paints
Textured paints
A Textured coating is a thick-layer The Textured paints can
rough structured paint
be classified by:
The main difference with a standard exterior paint are:
Grain size:
The use of coarser aggregates
Typical: 1 to 4 mm
Higher Polymer: Filler ratio
Exterior paint: ca. 1:3 Coarse, fine, rough
Textured paint: ca. 1:9 Application and floating
Troweled
Sprayed
Rolled
Brushed
Structure or Texture
Swirled
Scraped
Tyrolean
Sandpebble
Sandblast
TEXTURED PAINTS
Textured paints: textures

The different textures can be obtained by:
Different aggregates
Different thickeners: MHPC, MC, HEC; Bentonite, Latekoll D, ...
Different modifications of CaCO3
Limestone
Chalk Marble
Textured paints: aggregates

Important also to have present the ....The packaging of the aggregate
Al-silicate Fine Mica or Talk
Acr. 290 D
35% void-volume between

TiO2 the filler particles
The finest Calcium
carbonate
different sizes and shapes of the several

components in the formulation
Optimung packaging
Textured paints: Structures and formulations

Acronal 290 D 168
TKPP, 50% sol. 5
Rolled, coarse, floated
Parmetol A 26 2 Acronal 290 D 170
Defoamer, ex: Nopco 8034 4 a-Polyphosphate, 25% sol. 6
MHPC, 20.000, 3% sol. 40 Pigment disperser A 2
Lumiten I-ES 2 Acronal 290 D 220
Parmetol A 26 3
Lusolvan FBH or Texanol 10 TKPP, 50% sol. 7 Defoamer, ex: Nopco 8034 5
Basophob WDS 5 Parmetol A 26 3 Latekoll D, 6% sol. with NH3 6
TiO2, rutile 30 Defoamer, ex: Nopco 8034 3 Mineral spirits 10
Calcite, 40 m 260 MHPC, 20.000, 2% sol. 20 Butyl DiGlycol 10
Calcite, 130 m 87 Collacral PU 75 4 Basophob WDS 6
Mg.K.Al. Silicate, 600 m 77 Water 43 TiO2, rutile 90
Lusolvan FBH or Texanol 7 Quartz flour 20 m 365
Calcite, 1,8 - 2,5 mm 300
Mineral spirits 10 Quarz sand 0,35 mm 317
Water 10
Basophob WDS 6 Water 10
Total 1000
TiO2, rutile 62 Total 1000
Calcite, 5 m 120
Calcite, 15 m 45
Calcite, 130 m 130
Calcite, 0,5 - 1,0 mm 270
Trowelled with scrapped Calcite, 1,8 - 2,5 mm 50
effect. Total 1000
MHPC: Good adhesion and no smearing
upon floating <<
Dispersions for Architectural coatings: Elastics
Flexible coatings - Acronal DS 6257 X

Outdoor Exposure after 10 Months
Chemical composition: APEO-free; self- and UV- 400,0 Elongation @ Break [%] -10 C
crosslinking straight acrylic emulsion
23 C
Physical Data: SC: 60 1 %; pH :7,0 8,5; 300,0
MFT: < 0 C Tg:- 28C
200,0
Viscosity (100 1/s): 50 - 500 mPas
100,0
Residual Monomers: < 100 ppm;
Tensile Strength @ Break (23C), N/mm2: 1,8 N/mm 0,0
Elongation @ Break (23C, film /PVC 35%):1800% / 300 % Acronal DS 6257 Primal EC 2848
Tensile Strength at Break (-10C), N/mm2 : 8,5 N/mm 6,0
Maximum Tensile Strength
Elongation @ Break (-10C , film /PVC 35%):1100%/300% 5,0 [N/mm]
-10 C
4,0 23 C
Water up-take of film of dispersion: ca.11%
3,0
Acronal DS 6257 X
Application Properties 2,0
Primal EC 2848 Acronal S 321 1,0
high elasticity over a broad temperature range, especially
0,0
in the low temperature region
low surface tack Acronal DS 6257 Primal EC 2848
good dirt pick-up resistance 20,0 Water Uptake Paint Film [%] 60,0 0,6
good thickener response 19,5 W ater Vapor Permeability
good water vapor permeability 50,0 0,5
19,0
18,5 40,0 0,4
18,0 30,0 0,3

17,5
FLEXIBLE COATINSGS 17,0
20,0 WDD [g / m * d] sd [m] 0,2
16,5 10,0 0,1
16,0 0,0 0,0
Acronal DS 6257 Primal EC 2848 Acronal DS 6257 Primal EC 2848
Flexible coatings - Acronal DS 6252

Composition: Styrol acrylate copolymer with UV Water Uptake (Dispersion film)
crosslinking modern stabilized with APEO-free surfactants 5
Acronal DS 6252
Physical Data: S.C. :50 1 %; pH :7,0 -8,5; MFFT :<1 C 4
Acronal 567 D
Particle size :appr.130 nm Tg: -5 C
3
Elongation@ breack (20C): ca. 1100 %

2
Tensile Strength @ Break (20 C), N/mm2 : ca. 2,0 Elongation @ -10 C Water Uptake (PVC 35)
Elongation@ breack (0C) :ca. 600 % 1
Tensile Strength @ Break (0 C), N/mm2 :ca. 13,0
Viscosity (100 1/s, DIN ISO 3219) :400 - 1200 mPas 0
Water uptake of film (after 24 h) : approx. 12%
Application Properties:
high elasticity at room temperature with sufficient elasticity
at 0C
low surface tack due to photocrosslinking and good dirt
pick-up resistance of formulated coatings
good adhesion to critical substrates (sand paint) Elongation @ RT Tack
800
low water sensitivity at acceptable water vapour Elasticity, % of paint based on Acronal DS 6252 at
permeability 700 different PVC and at different temperature
good overall performance
Modern styrene acrylate as a cost effective binder for 600
elastomeric coatings (incl. APEO-free, modern alternative 20
500
for Acronal 567 D)
0C
400
-10C
300
200
100
0
L.Santos: E-EDK/BA 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 38
Flexible coatings Formulations
Based on Acronal DS 6257X, PVC 45%....... ....and DS 6252, PVC 35%
Flexible coatings
Universal use APE Type Solids, % MFT Field of application
Acronal A 754 free A 48 17 C Faade paints, marble stone finishes

Acronal A 509 No A 50 5 C Faade paints
Acronal DS 6270X free A 50 ca. 1 C low VOC, also for exterior (replacement of LR 9001)
Acronal 290 D No SA 50 20C Faades - Silicone normal+textured paints
Acronal S 790 free A 50 20 C id. To 290 D
Acronal S 716 free SA 50 25 C Ammonia, odour free faade and textured paints
Acronal DS 6219 free A 50 18 C House Paints, Marble stone finishes, Floor paints,
Emulsion rich paints
Acronal A 684 free A 50 17 C Marble stone finishes, House Paints
Elastomerics APE TypeSolids MFT Field of application

Plastilit 3060 plasticizer; polypropylene glycolalkyl-phenyl ether
(ca. of 1 to 4 % to increase elasticity of 290 D
Acron. 567 D No SA 50 < 1 C elastomeric paints ( Tg -6C) no X-linking

Acron. DS 6252 free SA 50 < 1 C elastomeric Paints ( Tg -5C) with X-linking
Acronal DS 6257 free A 60 < 1 C elastomeric Paints ( Tg -28C)
*
Dispersions for Architectural coatings: Solvent free paints
Solvent-free paints
Market Situation Binder Technology
Ecotrend increasing in future in european societies hydrophobic acrylic copolymers e.g.
further legislative regulations expected (e.g. EU- based on ethyl hexyl acrylate (EHA)
VOC-directive for architectural coatings forces VOC- realized for instance in
limit of 40 g/l for exterior paints in 2010) Acronal DS 6258X.
in future also low VOC solutions for exterior Special functionality and polymer
applications needed architecture with photo- or UV-
crosslinking
Further Chances
Dirt pick-up resistance of
Cost savings (no money for coalescent) conventional solvent containing paints is
Elastification of coating induced by softer 700 possible
environmentally friendly low MFFT binders (lower 23C
600
cracking sensitivity of coatings) 0C
500 -10C
400
Better elasticity of low VOC binders
Elongation at break values of dispersion 300
films 200
100
LOW VOC 0
PA, MFFT 0C PA, MFFT 14C SA, MFFT 20C
Dispersions for solvent free paints

APEO- free
DS 6257 X
Pure Double
crosslinking,
High gloss, solvent free
hard, blocking
acrylics elastic weather
stab.
resistant
LR 9014 DS 6261
Crosslinking; LR 8960
wet adhesion
Emulsion gloss paints low odour, CIT free, fine particle,
R/blocking wood coatings/ stains clear R/blocking
solvent-free, low odour DS 6270 X core/shell
A 509
low VOC
Good for
fine particle size,
good penetration A 508 unpigmente
d primer
Elastomeric
567 D UV-crosslinking DS 6252
Coatings
silicate&mineral /low VOC
Pigment binding power
Styrene S 559
acrylics Wet adhesion, low tack S 563 low dirt pick-up DS 6258 X Low VOC paints
low odour (stain blocking)
tannin blocking
primer, tanin /
tack-free, water resistant water sensitivity LR 8976 stain-blocking.
Dispersions for solvent free paints

wet
adhesion
S 559
Satin to
Without
Matt
LR 8976
DS 6258 X DS 6270 X
S 563
With
LR 8960
Glossy LR 9014
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
PVC range [%]
Pure acrylic and
Styrene acrylic
Acronal DS 6270 X guiding formulations

Recipe exterior paint solvent-free and plasticizer-free
(PVC = 42 %, (PVC = 50 %,
S.C. ca. 56 %): S.C. ca. 64 %):
parts p.w. parts p.w.
Water............................................................................. 238 ............................ 34-44
Natrosol 250 HHR ......................... ............................. 3 ................
Methylclellulose, 20000 mPa.s, 2% ............................ .................................. 150
Pigment Disperser NL ......................... ......................... 2 .................... .................3
NaOH, 20 %-solution .................. .................. .................. 2 ................................. 1
Sodium polyphosphate, e.g. Calgon N, 25 % .................. 4 ................................... 4
Pot conservation, e.g. Parmetol A 33, Acticide MBS ....... 2 .................... ............... 2
Film conservation, e.g. Parmetol DF 27 .................. ... 010 ............................... 010
Defoamer, e.g. Byk 038, Agitan 282, Agitan 731 .......... 3 ............................... 2
Titanium dioxide rutil type, z.B. Kronos 2190 ............ 180 .................................. 180
Omyacarb 5 GU ................ ................ ................ ........... 150 ..................................240
Talc, e.g. Finntalc M 15, Westmin 30 E ................ .......... 46 ................................... 50
disperse approx. 15 min at min. 1000 rounds/min
Defoamer, e.g. Byk 038, Agitan 282, Agitan 731............. 2 ................................. 3
Acronal DS 6270................ ................ ............ 340 ................................ 320
Water ................ ................ ................ ................ ........1829 ................. .............19-30
L.Santos: E-EDK/BA
1000 1000 44
Acronal DS 6270 X and DS 6258 X: some basic data
Some data comparision between binders used in this market segment
Acronal Acronal Primal SF Mowilith

DS 6270 X DS 6258 X 16 LDM 1871
Monomer composition MMA/BA EHA/ St MMA/BA VAc/E
Solids content/% 50 50 50 52
VOC/ppm 130 < 1000 * 1100 1900
Water uptake/% 10 6 12 77
MFFT, C 1 3
: the most of the production batches.
Still in scale up
Acronal DS 6270 X : Wet abrasion binder comparison

in interior paints
38
37
PA comparison: RV 728, PVC 79 % Abrasion according EN ISO 1998
Drying conditions: 24 h 50 C
Wet Abrasion (m)
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
Acronal DS 6270 X Acronal A 754 90
Comparison with SA : PVC 83 %;
80
70
Wet abrasion (m)
60
50
40
30
20
Acronal 6270 X Acronal A 754 Acronal 290 D Acronal S 559
Acronal DS 6258 X: Binder for solvent-free interior and

exterior paints and textured finishes
Acronal
Low copolymer with photocrosslinking
DS 6258
odor St- 2-EHA
Acronal: DS 6258X S 559
solids content 50 +/- 1 weight %
pH 7,5 8,5 Solids content, [%] 50 50
viscosity (100 1/s, DIN ISO 3219): 20 - 200 mPas Viscosity [ 100/s, mPas] 38 190
particle size ca. 0,15 m Stability ok ok
Tg / MFFT ca. 10 / 3C against 10% CaCl2 sol.
film water uptake (24 h) ca. 6 %
Filler compatibility,t ok ok
Elasticity / Tension, @ rupture ca. 1000 % / ca. 3,2 N/mm2
Compatibility ok ok
against water glas
Film tackiness, 3 4
[note, 1(=good) 5 ]
Lim water whitening, 180 90

[sec]
Film water uptake 6% 12 %

Tensile stress 3,2 2,5
at break, [N/mm]
Elongation 1000 1500

at break, [ % ]
Acronal DS 6258 X: pigment binding power and
storage stability. Outdoor exposure after 1 year
70 Storage stability on interior paint,
m Pigment binding power based on 900
60
53 scrub resistance of high PVC=79% 800
Viscosity [mPas]
50 47
interior paint 700
600
40 34 34 500
30 400
300 Viscosity initial
20
200 after 14/ 50 C
10 100 after 28d /50C
0
0
S 559 DS 6258 X KK1 KK2 S 559 DS 6258 X KK1 KK2
E Results of 1 year Outdoor Exposure of

Better performance in scrub resistance! 8 solvent free paint formulations
7
Better behavior in storage stability! 6 PVC = 42% PVC = 65%
With most thickeners used, there is a stronger 5
4
response with Acronal DS 6258 3
2
No big differences in aspect and chalking after 1
1 year outdoor exposure at different PVCs! 0
DS 6258 S 559 DS 6258 S 559
Dispersions for low VOC Paints (inter and extern)

Low VOC Paints APE Type Solids MFT Field of application (Anwendungsgebiete )
Acronal A 508 free A 41 < 3C for impregnation primers
Acronal S 559 free SA 50 3 C Interior and Silicate paints, high PVC. Full shade- and
Reduction shade, Primers, matt paints. NH3 free also for exterior
Acronal S 716 free SA 50 25 C Ammonia, odour free paints
Acronal S 563 free SA* 50 3 C House Paints, wet adhesion, matt and silk paints, NH3 free-also
for exterior
Acronal DS 6258X free SA* 50 3C Low dirt pick-up, good scrub resistan., good blocking properties
Acronal LR 8976 free SA* 52 1 C Mat & satin paints, stain-blocking dispers., NH3 free, also exterior
AQAgloss X free Hybrid 42 < 1C Glossy and satin enamels
Acronal LR 8960 free A 50 < 1C matt and glossy paints, wood coatings and stains
Acronal LR 9014 free A 45 < 1C Wood stain and coatings
Acronal DS 6270 X free A 50 ca. 1 C low VOC, also for exterior
Notes: A: Straight acrylic; SA: Styrene acrylic; CS: Core shell, Bold: New entry; not Bold: active ; in italic: cancelled, <<
L.Santos: E-EDK/BA *Styrene optimized acrylic 49
Nanocomposite: COL.9 vs silicone & silicate paints
Knzel Theory: Summary for different paint systems

Sd
Knzel law for effective moisture protection:
Diffusion equivalent layer thickness [m]
Sd W 0,2 kg/m h0,5

2,0
Property Silicone Silicate COL.9 based Emulsion
Emulsion paints
Paint Paint paint Paint
Water vapor transmission High High High Low

1,5
Capillary water take-up Low High Med. - Low Low
to
ler Water release High High High Low
at
1,0 ed
ar
ea
0,5
Silicone Silicate Paints
Paints COL.9 paint
0
0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5
Capillary water take-up coefficient w W [kg/m2 h0,5 ]
First BASF-product on nanocomposite technology:
COL.9 DS 1100 X COL.9

The Innovation for Waterborne
straight acrylic Facade Paints with
Tg / MFT - 4 C / < 5 C
Outstanding Durability
solids content 35 wt%
silica amount based on total solids: 40 wt%
particle size ~ 50 100 nm Dirt Pickup Resistance
pH 9.0 9.5
viscosity (100 1/s, DIN ISO 3219) 5 100 mPas
Chalking Resistance
Color Retention
Crack Resistance
<<
Dispersions for Architectural coatings: Marble stone
Acronal A 754 : General purpose straight Acrylic Binder for

exterior applications and marble stone finishes
Market product Acr.A 754 /
Motivation: universal straight acrylic binder for exterior Coll.DS 6256
applications, by a modern APEO-free version with improved
application properties
Main Application:marble stone finishes
Demand: - high outdoor durability

- low water whitening
- universal character
Composition: MMA, EHA ; APE-free emulsifying system

Solids content: 48 +1 %
Superior water whitening resistance due to:
pH: 7.5 9
Viscosity (100 1/s): 200-900 mPas Monomer composition: MMA/EHA
MFFT: 14 C tailored emulsifier system
LD > 90
fine particle size (~ 90 nm)
Water take-up: 8 % in 24 h
MARBLE STONE FINISHES
Acronal DS 6266 : General purpose straight Acrylic Binder

for exterior applications and marble stone finishes
The facts: Solids 48%
MFFT and influence of 3% of coalescing agents
MFFT 14C
Particle size 80 nm
Composition MMA/ BA
MFFT and influence of coalescing

agents Pendulum hardness after 7d/ RT (sec)
Amount of coalescing agent added (% on polymer

tel quel)
Acronal DS 6266: Merits
The merits: Formulation latitude: flat to semi-gloss Formulation latitude: flat to semi-gloss
Ease of formulation: Stability and resistance
Unsurpassed exterior durability
High associative thickener response
Tough but flexible, tack free films
Exceptional blush resistance
Tough but flexible, tack free films
Dispersions for Architectural coatings: Interior paint
Interior Paints: properties and requirements

Typical paint properties: Main requirements:
Hiding power >98% Should not be exposed to out door conditions
Brightness >85% Should be cheaper as possible
Scrub resistance > 1000 cycles (DIN) Should be easily applicable by roll
Crack resistance > 500 m Should be possible to apply them (mainly in
Stormer viscosity 120-120 KU Germany) on paperwall
ICI viscosity 1,2 1,8 cP Should be easy to use pigment pastes to get the
Storage stability 10 KU after 14d/50C necessary colour shades
INTERIOR PAINTS
Interior paint Exterior paint
Interior paints: requirements

Decorative paints (based on Acronal 290 D):
PVC Gloss definition High PVC in relation PVC > CPVC
PVC < 20% Gloss (> 60%, 60)
PVC ca. 30-40 % Silky gloss paint (<60%, 60; > 10, 85)
PVC ca. 30-40% Eggshell (20-35%, 60)
PVC ca. 50 % Facade paint, matt, Flat (<10%, 85)
PVC ca. 78 % high valued interior paint
PVC ca. 82 % High PVC interior paint
Binder phase Fillers/
Pigments
Requirements from the dispersions:

- Tg
- preferable fine particle size
Dispersion with coarse Fine particle size dispersions

particle size M (f) = M (g ); R (g ) = 8 x R ( f )
with M ( g ) and R ( g ) Nr Particle : 512
140/150 nm +23% particles
Interior paints: influence of PVC and binders

Interior paint (based on Acronal 290 D) :
3000
Influence of PVC on the Wet Scrub
2500
PVC 78 %
2000
Scrub cycles accord. DIN
1500 PVC 83%
1000 PVC 85%

Influence of polymer type and drying
PVC 86% PVC 87% time in the scrub resistance
500
PVC 89% PVC 91%
PVC 88% PVC 90%
0
12% 8% 7% 6,50% 6% 5,50% 5% 4,50% 4%
Amount on Polymer dispersion (wet ) in %
Nr of scrub cycles
Interior paint: Brightness and Contrast ratio
Interior paint : Contrast ratio

(PVC 87%) Influence of binder
VeoVa
Vac Interior paint : Brightness (DIN 53778)

Influence of PVC
Vac/Acr Amount of Acr. 290 D, % (wet)
4 PVC 91%
SA 4,5 PVC 90%

Contrast ratio, %
5 PVC 89%
93 93,5 94 94,5
5,5 PVC 88%
6 PVC 87%
6,5 PVC 86%
7 PVC 85%
8 PVC 83% Brightness, %
90 90,2 90,4 90,6 90,8 91 91,2 91,4 91,6

Interior paints: influence of additives

Influence of the following Interior paint (with Acronal 290 D, PVC 81%): Water
Additives: retention in dependence of MC amount
- Thickener 35
- Coalescent time, s
30
- Pigment disperser
25
Interior Paint (based on 290 D, PVC 80%)
20
Dependence of thickener
6000 15
Cicles of Scrub resistance
5000 10
5
4000 MC amount in % formulation
0
3000
0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7
2000 DIN
1000
0
0,1 % 0,2 % 0,3 % 0,35 % 0,4 % 0,45 % 0,5 % 0,6 %
71 69,1 67,3 66,2 65,5 64,7 63,9 62,4
Amount on Natrosol in % Solid content of paint in %

Interior paint (based on Acronal 290 D,PVC 82 %):

Influence of additives on scrub resistance:
1000
Influence of Solvents:
s c ru b re s is t a n c e c y c le s
2,2 % on solvent
750 WS = White spirit; FBH = Lusolvan FBH
580
500
(D IN )
500
400
250
2000
0 Influence of pigment disperser:
WS: FBH (1,2:1,0) WS:FBH (0,6:1,6) WS:FBH (0,0:2,2) 1550
1500
scrub resistance cycles (DIN)
1000 940
730
500
Pigment disperser used:

0
A ( NH4+ ) NL ( Na + ) MD 20 ( Na + )
Interior paints: (based on Acronal 290 D,PVC 87%).
Influence of type of fillers on:
1000 100
scrub resistance Brightness:
800 95
600
90
400
85
200
0 80
Blanc Fixe Chalk Calcite Calcite China Clay Blanc Fixe Chalk Calcite Calcite China Clay
CCN CCP CCN CCP
160 2,5 100
KU contrast ratio:
140 Viscosity: ICI 2 99,5
120
100 1,5 99
80
98,5
60 1
98
40
0,5
20 97,5
0 0
97
Blanc Fixe Chalk Calcite Calcite China Clay
Blanc Fixe Chalk Calcite Calcite China Clay
CCN CCP CCN CCP
Interior paints: DIN 13300
Wet scrub resistance

70 m < A @ 40 scrubs
A < 70 m @ 40 scrubs
20 m < A < 70 m @ 200 scrubs
5 m < A < 20 m @ 200 scrubs Contrast ratio:

Class
95% > CR
A < 5 m @ 200 scrubs

98% > CR > 95%
Abrasion (A, m)
99,5% > CR > 98%
CR > 99,5%
Contrast ratio (CR, %)

Iso Norm@ PVC 83%, Thickeners Class 3: Bulk class and/ or DIY class
Class 3: dominated by SA @ PVC > 80%
Class 2: dominated by Vac-Copo. @ PVC < 70%
New Norm makes consumer decision easier:
1st select Abrasion class,
2nd compare by Hiding power
ISO Norm, Polymers
PVC 83%,
Important also the type of TiO2

PVC 79%,
S 790

The main differences of this norm with the old one is that now is important to verify which is the hiding
power we can get for the same abrasion resistance.
The old scrub resistance level (now ~ class 2: 5 to 20 m in abrasion) which could be reached then with
>5000 scrubs, is now in the class 2 dominated by PVAc binders because for the lower PVC level (when
compared with class 3) at which we have to work and where is no possible to make use of the dry hiding
effect it is easier to reach higher Hiding power, or same Hiding power with lower amount TiO2, than if we
use SA binders instead.
The old wash resistance level (now ~ class 3) which could be reached then with >2000 scrubs, is now in the
class 3 dominated by SA binders because for higher PVC level at which SA binders have higher pigment
power than other binders, at which we can work with the dry hiding effect (introduction of included air pores
refractive index of air ca. 1,00 - and for that not using so much TiO2, it is easier to reach higher Hiding
power for the respective abrasion resistance level (20 to 70 m)
The class 1 is a very special class of paints (< 5 m of abrasion) with very low PVC, very much high level of
binder with higher gloss level and in principle is possible to reach with all kind of binders. However for the
same abrasion resistance the hiding power is eventually higher with PVAc (refractive index ca. 1,45-1,47) or
Pure acrylics (refr. Index ca. 1,45) than with SA binders (refr. Index ca. 1,55 1,59), or using eventually less
TiO2, due to the refractive index differences between TiO2 and the used binders in each case.
The hiding power in class 2 (and eventually class 1) is easily to reach with binders which presents higher
refractive index differences with TiO2 ( refractive index 2,70-2,76) -which is the case for PVAc or pure
acrylics than with SA binders. The higher the differences the higher the hiding power.
Dispersions for Architectural coatings: Interior paints
Interior paints: Norms

Interior paints & coatings DIN EN 13 300 (old: DIN 53 778)
Scrub resistance Contrast ratio
(ISO 11 998) (ISO 6504-3)
loss of dry film thickness Determined at the spread rate, which is
Class 1 <5 m after 200 cycles quoted by the supplier
Class 2 >5 < 20 m after 200 cycles Class 1 >99,5%
Class 3 >20 < 70 m after 200 cycles Class 2 >98% <99,5%
Class 4 < 70 m after 40 cycles Class 3 >95%<98%
Class 5 >70 m after 40 cycles Class 4 <95%
same as for exterior paints/coatings:

Particle size Gloss
(EN-ISI 1524; ISO 787-7 & 787-18) (EN ISO 2813)
S1 Fine < 100 m G1 Glossy >60% (angle 60)
S2 Medium < 300 m G2 Silk-gloss <60% (angle 60)
S3 Coarse < 1.500 m >10% (angle 85)
S4 Very coarse > 1.500 m G3 Matt <10% (angle 85)
BASF Dispersions for Interior paints

application:
Satin gloss paints APE Type Solids MFT Field of application (interior/exterior)
Acronal A 706 No A 48 24C hard version of A 603, water resistant, self cross linked,
blocking resistance, very good chemical resistance, wet adhesion
Luhydran A 848 S free A 44 39C hard, scratch resistant, self cross-linking, very fine particle,
chem. Resistance, wet adhesion
Acronal 290 D No SA 50 20 C PVC +/- 35 % fro Satin paints

Acronal S 790 free SA 50 20 C APE free 290 D
Acronal S 716 free SA 50 25 C APE free, low odor 290D
Acronal S 563 free SA* 50 3 C good wet adhesion, low VOC
Acronal DS 6258X free SA* 50 3 C high water stability, (for wet rooms), low VOC
Acronal LR 8976 free SA* 52 1C compatible with mortar
High gloss paints APE Type Solids MFT Field of application

Acronal DS 6275 free SA* 46 21C High gloss acrylic paint
Acronal LR 9014 free A 45 3 C High gloss acrylic paint, solvent-free
AQAGloss X free Hybrid 42 <1C High gloss water based enamel. Replacement of Alquids.
Notes:A: Straight acrylic; SA: Styrene acrylic; CS: Core shell, Bold: active; not Bold: withdraw ; in italic:
*
cancelled; Styrene optimized acrylic <<
Dispersions for Architectural coatings: House paints
Acronal A 684 : PA for exterior coatings excellent wet

adhesion
Straight acrylic dispersion APEO-
Application properties
free version with special wet
HOUSE PAINTS superior dry and wet adhesion on critical substrates
adhesion promotor (e.g. on concrete, old fassade paints, wood, alkyd
paints, ceramic tiles, glass, PMMA, PVC, metal (zinc,
Data: iron, aluminium, galvanized steel.)
Solids Content : 50 1 weight %
pH-value : 7,5 - 9 excellent outdoor durability in different climates
MFFT : ca. 17C (no yellowing, low cracking and chalking tendency)
Light transmittance (LD-value): ca. 90 % good blushing resistance
Particle diameter : ca. 0,12 m
low dirt pick-up tendency
Viscosity (at 100 1/s, DIN ISO 3219): 100 - 400 mPas
good formulation lattitude (from flat to gloss)
Tests to do: straight acrylic dispersion with universal character for
Outdoor stability, house paints, wood coatings, exterior paints
Modified cold-check test:
Adhesion and Blistering. Adhesion tests (dry/ wet) of paints on different substrates:
W V P,
Dry
Water uptake,
Standard
Xenon test 1200 (1000 h): acrylic
Wet
Gloss, binder
L*a*b*, Wet
Acronal
Chalking. A 684
Dry
All tests on 12 substrates
L.Santos: E-EDK/BA fibr cem. zinc alumina pine aged alkyd (PVC) tiles 68
Dispersions for Architectural coatings: House Paints
Dispersions for House Paints: product portfolio
House Paints APE Type Solids MFT Field of application
Acronal A 684 free A 50 17C Good adhesion on almost all kind of substrates. Wet adhesion.
Transparent coatings
Acronal S 563 free SA* 50 3C satingloss, low VOC
*
Gloss paints: High gloss made by BASF

High Gloss Superior Open Time
Acronal DS 6275
GLOSS PAINTS
Absolutely Solvent Free
Acronal LR 9014
High gloss paints: key requirements

Acronal DS 6275
Superior high gloss
open time closer to those of alkyd paints
good blocking resistance
low water sensitivity
good wet adhesion
solvent free formulation If a must, use Acronal LR 9014
Acrylic gloss paints with DS 6275

High Gloss at any viewing angle Test Method Open Time
Gloss at 20: > 65 % (DS 6275) 200 m film (wet) is applied on PVC-foil (Leneta) with a
blade
Gloss at 60: > 85 % every minute the paint film is distributed with a wire blade
20 (DS 6275)
open time ends, when the disturbed paint film is not
levelling out
60
Open time
Solvent based alkyd gloss paints
Surface of coated substrate
Acronal DS 6275
Definition acc.EN 13300 and EN 1062-1
Required reflection:
Standard dispersions
angle reflection
Gloss paint 60 > 60
20 not defined
85 not defined Superior high gloss !
Semi gloss / satin 60 up to 60 open time closer to those of alkyd paints !
20 not defined
85 > 10

Acronal DS 6275 Open time (leveling) of different paint systems
Basic properties:
MFT: 20C
Tg: 28C
water uptake: 11%
bimodal particle size distribution, D 50: 105 nm
solvent needed in formulations: about 3.2%
What makes it so unique?

special co-monomer to enhance open time
optimized styrene level:
enough to achieve superior gloss
limitation to guarantee the pure acrylic solvent based DS 6275* based standard acrylic
properties *) gloss paint acrylic paint gloss paint
* Acronal DS 6275: water based binder with long open time
*) suitable for low pigmented systems, UV

resistance

Starting Point Formulations
I II III
Water 80,0 65,0 65,0 Influence of Dispersant
Pigment Disperser MD 20 19,0 19,0 20,0
Ultradispers AB 30, 30 % solids 15,0 15,0 15,0
In can preservative 2,0 2,0 2,0 Pigment Disperser MD 20 sodium salt of
Defoamer Tego Foamex LA-E 511 4,0 MSA/iso-butene copolymer, hard gloss, block
Tego Airex 902 W 4,0 4,0 Ultradispers AB 30 : ammonium salt of
DSX 3000, 30% 18,0 17,0 17,0 BA/AA-copolymer, soft wet adhesion
Collacral LR 8989, 5% solution 19,0 15,0 15,0
Titanium dioxide Tronox 828 225,0 225,0
X-fast Black ED 7484 50,0
grind the above for 20 minutes at 1000 rpm, then add while stirring
Agitan E 255 2,0
Tego Airex 902 W 2,0 2,0 Thickener influence
Texanol 15,0 15,0 15,0
Solvenon DPM 17,0 17,0 17,0
Acronal DS 6275 565,0 570,0 570,0 Thickener
Water 19,0 34,0 34,0 DSX 3000 : polyether, very effective
Total 1.000,0 1.000,0 826,0 over whole viscosity range
Collacral LR 8989 : low shear PU-
PVC: 18 % PVC: 18 %
PVC: 18 % PVC: 18 % thickener
solids (weight): 51 % solids (weight): 51 %
solids (volume): 40 % solids (volume): 40 %
solids (volume): 40 % solids (volume): 40 %
visc. (KU): 100 visc. (KU): 100
visc. (KU): 100 visc. (KU): 100
visc. (ICI): 1,6 visc. (ICI): 1,6
visc. (ICI): 1,6 visc. (ICI): 1,6
gloss (20): 66 gloss (20): 66
gloss (20): 66 gloss (20): 66
gloss (60): 86 gloss (60): 86
gloss (60): 86 gloss (60): 86

Gloss as function of solvent type
90 gloss 20 gloss 60
Recommendable defoamers
%
120
80 Goss 20 1d RT
%
Gloss 60 1d RT
70 Gloss 20 2d 50
100
60 Gloss 60 2d 50
visual rating
50
80
40
30 60
20
10 40
0
Lusolvan FBH Texanol Dowanol Butyldiglykol Propylenglykol Ethylenglykol 20
DPnB
0
Tego Airex 902 W Tego Foamex 810 Tego Faomex 830* Agitan E 255 without
Other defoamers tested
Tego L-AE 511

Byk 024
Byk 011
Byk 035 Foamstar MF 324
Byk 022 Dehydran 1620

gloss
DS 6275 5
HG 95
HG 74 4
HG 98 Brillux Lacryl 275

3
100
2 Acronal DS 6275 / RV225 90 Bruguer esmalte
recoatability wet adhesion 80
1
Diescolack HG 70 Titanlux 3566
0
60
50
40
Conti PU Weilack 30 Einza Wohnlack LF
20
10
open time flow / brush drag 0
Krautol Comfort Weilack Einza Glanzlack
Hornbach Acryl Hoch Buntlack Einza Glanzbuntlack
ICI Wohnraumlack Capacryl Hauslack
Classic Design Color Glasurit Buntlack Hochglanz
gloss 20 gloss 60 open time [min]
Acronal LR 9014
Acronal LR 9014 Special particle morphology
Straight acrylic dispersion for
water-based, exterior semishell or
wood coatings and solvent free halfmoon
lacquers structure
fine sized, hydrophobic core/ shell dispersion
basic data
Solids Content : 45 1 weight-%
pH-value : 7,5 - 8,5
MFFT : < 3C
Particle size : < 80 nm
Viscosity (100 1/s, DIN ISO 3219) : 100 - 400 mPas
AFM Phase Image 1x1m
Hard phase
Soft phase
80 nm
Acronal LR 9014: Starting Point Formulations

III IV Influence of TiO2
Water 100,0 100,0
Gloss value Haze CIELAB values
Agitan E 255 2,0 2,0
Sapetin D 20 10,0 60 and 20 L* a* B*
in %
Pigment Disperser MD 20 10,0
Edaplan 480 10,0
Ultradispers AB 30, 30 % solids 10,0 Kemira 675 80 / 56 56 96,78 -0,48 -0,80
Collacral LR 8990 (40% solid content) 10,0 10,0 Kronos 2300 77 / 49 68 96,78 -0,54 -0,82
Tronox CR 828 215,0 215,0 Ti Pure R 700 81 / 57 52 96,87 -0,43 -0,78
grind the above for 20 minutes at 1000 rpm, then add while stirring Tronox CR 828 81 / 57 55 96,89 -0,89 -0,39
Agitan E 255 2,0 2,0
Acronal LR 9014 625,0 625,0
Plastilit 3060 20,0
Collacral LR 8990, 40 % solid content 2,0
Water 26,0 4,0
Total 1.000,0 1.000,0
PVC: 17 % PVC: 17 %
PVC: 17 % PVC: 17 %
gloss (20): 56 gloss (20): 61
gloss (20): 56 gloss (20): 61
gloss (60): 80 gloss (60): 82
gloss (60): 80 gloss (60): 82
Acronal LR 9014 or DS 6275 ? (Comparison formula I and III)
Your Choice for gloss Paints: Acronal LR 9014 or Acronal DS 6275

gloss 60
100
90
adhesion gloss 20
80
70
60
50
water uptake 48h [% ] open time
40
30
20 DS 6275
10 LR 9014
0 Lacryl 275
Glasurit
gloss retention
wet adhesion
250h Xenon[% ]
water whitening[min] dirt pick up
blocking max. elongation[% ]

Formulation high gloss paint based on Acronal LR 9014

Paste Add the following ingredients in the sequence presented. By each one of the
Propilenglicol 24,49 additions keep the stirring at the minimal speed. Give at least 1 min of stirring
Water 47,97 between each addition
Byk 024 4,08 Viscosity KU / ICI 102 / 1,9
Texanol 21,43 Pendelum hardness (sec); 240m w et
Disperbyk 190 15,31 (2350% rel.H.) 1d 19,6
AMP 90 3,06 (2350% rel.H.) 3d 23,8
Tilol 267 - O 1,74 (2350% rel.H.) 7d 28,0
Tipure R - 700 212,29 (2350% rel.H.) 14d 30,8
10 min. stirring at maximal speed. Check the milling gra Gloss (film on glass, 240m wet)
and introduce the follwing mixture: 1d/RT angle20 / angle60 52,2 / 81,7
Water 57,15 3d/RT angle20 / angle60 50,4 / 80,9
7d/RT angle20 / angle60 47,4 / 79,6
Coatex Rheo - 2000 10,21
Wet adhesion on aged alkyd (cross cut-test 2mm)
Sub Total 397,73 24h drying (Blisters) 4
Paint 24h drying + 2h water storage 4
Acronal LR 9014 544,91 Wet adhesion on aged alkyd (Freeze-thaw test) , 200m w et
Water 11,33 1 cyclus adhesion / blisters 3 / 0
Neorez R 981 5,10 2 cyclus adhesion / blisters 3 / 0
at each introduction 1 min. stirr at minimal speed 3 cyclus adhesion / blisters 3 / 0
add paste with slow stirring 397,73
water absorption [ %] 15,3
5 min. at minimal Speed
loss after water absorption [ %] 4,2
Byk 024 2,04
Byk 333 3,06 Levelling-test (up from 0,75 mm) 5
Tecalrust F2R 1,22 sagging behavior (up from 250 m) 8
Mirecide N / 250 1,74
Open time (min.), Leneta 13
Tynt Ayd WD 2018 0,71
Water 27,05 Blocking resist. on Leneta Applicat. 200m w et,drying time 24h at RT; Burden: 10kg (400g/cm)
Coatex Rheo - 2000 5,10 adhesion / damage 1 / 0
1.000,00 adhesion / damage 2- / 2
AQAGloss: the water based alternative to Alkyd resins
Alkyd-like features:
AQAGloss X Gloss and haze
Water it down and shine it up ! Body and hiding power*
Stain blocking
- professional features Low Blistering
- better for our environment *)Confirmed by professional painter!
without siccative and oxime
solvent water
based AQAGloss based
alkyd X acrylic
Gloss 60 92 90 81
Gloss 20 83 81 57
Haze 17 14 159
AQAGloss: properties and guiding formulation
AQAGloss X: Properties AQAGloss X : based High Gloss Paint

Water 70.3
Solid content: ca. 42 %
Byk 020 4.5
pH: 7-8.5
Disperbyk 190 22.2
Viskosity (mPas): ca. 70
MFT: <1 C
Collacral LR 8990 11.6
Water uptake (24 h):10 % Kronos 2190 222.7

Solvent content: 2.4% disperse at 3000 rpm for 15 min, then add
Total VOC approx. 2,5 % AQAGloss X 640.2
Propylene glycol 20.5
Tego Airex 902 W 5.0
Tego Wet 270 3.0
1000.0
Total VOC in lacquer: 36.5 g / 1000g
Dispersions for Architectural coatings: Gloss paints
Gloss Paints: product portfolio
APE Type Solids MFT Field of application (Anwendungsgebiete )
Acronal S 563 free SA* 50 3 C House Paints, wet adhesion, matt and silk paints, NH3 free-also
for exterior
Acronal LR 8976 free SA* 52 1 C Mat and satin paints, stain-blocking dispersion, NH3 free also
for exterior
Acronal DS 6275 free SA* 46 < 1C High gloss dispersions paints
AQAgloss X free Hybrid 42 < 1C Glossy and satin enamels
Acronal LR 8960 free A 50 < 1C matt and glossy paints, wood coatings and stains, CS
Acronal LR 9014 free A 45 < 1C Wood coatings, CS
Notes: A: Straight acrylic; SA: Styrene acrylic; CS: Core shell, Bold: New entry; not Bold: active ; in italic: cancelled,
*Styrene optimized acrylic <<
Dispersions for Architectural coatings: Wood coatings
Wood what to do to protect it?

Wood: what is it?
oldest raw material used by mankind
complex polymeric structure:
WOOD COATINGS
consisting of lignin, carbohydrates (cellulose and hemicellulose) and
minor amounts of organic chemicals (extractives e.g. terpenes and
resins) and minerals (variable composition)
Problems associated with wood:
inhomogeneous anisotropic, living material
porous material/surface
UV-instability
danger of attack by micro-organisms in case of high humidity
water-swellable and hygroscopic
no dimensional stability
UV-initiated decomposition of lignin => wood degradation !
Classical solution:
pigmented coatings (TiO2)

use of transparent iron oxides (stains)
use of UV-absorber in combination with HALS
unsolved problem: clear coats
Types of wood coatings and market
Types of wood coatings:

Exterior wood coatings; Acronal-
Type (EDK)
Primer
- Impregnation (e.g. blue stain fungi)
- Tannin blocking primer (anti-bleeding
properties)
- Adhesion primers Market segmentation Europe
Consumer Aesthetic
aspects
Top Coats
- Clear Coats transparent Industrial
pigmented
- Wood stains semitransparent (use of
transparent iron oxides for pigmentation)
- Wood paints pigmented, hiding Wood Coatings
properties (exterior)
Differentiation: special types for stable non-
wood (e.g. windows) and nonstable wood pigmented
(pannels, fences...) Wood Coatings
(industrial interior: Professional
Industrial furniture and parquet lacquers, furniture, DIY
interior: Luhydran-type (EV-business)
parquet,...)
Business of EVP
Market wood coatings in Europe
Regional diversification of consumer requested Market & product types

product performance
Dispersion-Types:
Pigmented
Industrial - Acrylic dispersion
Professional, DIY - Solvent-borne alkyds
- Alkyd emulsions
Water - Hybrids (Alkyd/Acrylic, PU/Acrylic)
Elasticity
resistance - UV curing, water-borne systems (e.g.
in future for windows)
Transparency Main markets:

Water whitening Scandinavia, Italy, Germany, UK,
(wet and dry)
Benelux, France
Wood coating producers:

Adler, Akzo Nobel, Arch Coatings,
Hardness Blocking resistance
Becker Acroma, Dyrup, Helios, Sigma
Kalon, Teknos, Tikurilla, Remmers,
ICA, ICI, IVM, Jotun, V 33 etc.
Non-pigmented Industrial
Overall binder demand in Europe

: ca. 54 000 ton p.a.
Dispersions for wood coatings and Joinery

Core products Application
Luhydran A 848 S interior stains, clear lacquers, hard modifier
Acronal S 726 tannin blocking primers (APEO, ammonia)
Acronal LR 8960 exterior stains & paints (durability, elasticity)

Multistage
Acronal LR 9014 Technology high performance exterior stains and paints
Acronal DS 6261 CIT-free, low VOC-version of Acronal LR 9014
New development Binder with excellent water resistance &

Multistage outdoor durability, focus pigmented systems
Technology
New development Binder with an excellent blocking resistance /
elasticity profile, focus stains
Dispersions for joinery

Core-shell type straight acrylic dispersion:
Acronal LR 8960 2nd generation; excellent elasticity and outdoor durability, hailstone resistance but
moderate blocking resistance and thickener response
Acronal LR 9014 latest generation with best overall performance, excellent blocking, alkali and blushing
resistance and strong thickener interaction but...
option of tailor-made combinations:
Acronal LR 8960/ Luhydran A 848 S hardness induced by Luhydran
Acronal LR 9014/ Acronal LR 8960 extra elasticity ind. by LR 8960
Dispersions for wood coatings

Interior Exterior Primer
Stable Nonstable Stain Dipping Penetra-

wood wood blocking primer tion
with Solvent-free
standard
wet adhesion pigmented
Luhydran Acronal Acronal Acronal Acronal Acronal Acronal

(LR 9001)
A 848 S LR 8960 A 509 A 684 DS 6270 X S 726 A 508
block Resist., wet- Low temperature standard with only for primers,
Self cross link.
adhesion elasticity wet-adhesion tannin blocking
Acronal Acronal Acronal Acronal Acronal Acronal Acronal

DS 6275 LR 9014 A 754 S 563 LR 8976 DS 6262 X LR 9014
High gloss water resistant, standard, excellent (wet adhesion) (low odour)
block. Resist., outdoor stability
wet adhesion. outstanding
High gloss adhesion
properties
Acronal Acronal
DS 6277 DS 6276
Stable Woods: window frames, joinery
Multi-functionality of Acronal LR 9014
Wood pigmented
Wood clear varnishes
coating
/ Wood stains
Industrial and DIY

Acronal LR 9014 Window frames
application with
good blocking
Transparent resistance
concrete varnish
High gloss
Matt cleanable acrylic paints
for intern ?
application paint
Properties of Acronal LR 8960 and LR 9014

Test for hailstone resistance with :
hard PU-acrylic soft LR 8960 Blocking
resistance
ista nce
c k ing res
Blo
competitor
Water whitening resistance after 24 h .Acronal LR 9014
Acronal LR
9014
Fine-sized,
low amount of
surfactant Competitor 1 Competitor 2
Properties of Acronal LR 9014

Influence of binder on alkali resistance and wet adhesion
Cross-Cut test
Acr. LR 9014 Competitor Competitor Competitor
Alkali stability
Test with
20 % Ca (OH)2
Wet adhesion
Cross-cut test after

water contact
Wood paint without wet

adhesion promotor
Wet adhesion
on aged alkyd Two coats One coat
Wood paint with medium

wet adhesion
Wood paint with excellent

wet adhesion
Durability of Acronal LR 9014

Weathering stability - Durability Durability in dependence of wet adhesion
45 south
Wood stains after 3
years outdoor
exposure:
Binder without wet Binder with special wet
adhesion promotor adhesion promotor
Durability in dependence on elasticity
Positive influence:
high permanent and low temperature elasticity of film
(vs. tack)
low water up-take and water (vapor-)permeability
good (wet) adhesion on wood as substrate
UV-protection of wood by UV-A-absorber, pigments,
radical scavengers (HALS = hindered amine stabilizers)
stabilization against micro-organisms (by fungicides)
Elongation at break (dispersion film): coatings thickness and multilayer
23C 251 % 182 % 141 %
0C 117 % 52 % 8%
Binders for wood coatings

Contradictory properties Selection of possible multiphase structures
soft hard
elasticity no tack
smooth film blocking resistance
no/low solvent surface hardness
Multi-phase acrylic particles by stepwise

polymerization (e.g. core-shell type
dispersions)
Combination of hard and soft polymer in one

particle <100 nm
soft phase good film formation,

(low Tg) gloss, elasticity
soft matrix
hard phase blocking resistance,

(high Tg) surface hardness;
transparent,nano-sized modifier
Acronal LR 9014
Acronal LR 9014 an Optimized binder
straight acrylic durability, low yellowing
hydrophobic copolymer composition water resistance, durability
fine sized penetration, adhesion, water whitening resistance
stage polymer with optimized morphology blocking resistance + elasticity
low surfactant water resistance, rheology, water whitening
special wet adhesion promotor adhesion, durability
but optimized formulation and defect free application necessary !
Influence of particle size in transparency and rheology

1300
1200
1100 Viscosity
[mPas]
1000
900
800
700
[nm]
86 77 74 70 65 51 600
reduced particle size 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110

Viscosity of wood stain (@100 s-1) with associative thickener
Dispersions for wood coatings: product portolio

Wood coatings APE Type Solids MFT Field of application
Acronal A 509 --- A 50 5 C universal, no-blocking resistance requests
Acronal S 563 free SA* 50 3 C universal, no-blocking resist. requests, solvent free, wet adhes.
Acronal A 754 free A 48 17 C universal, no-blocking resist. requests, excell. outdoor durability
Acronal A 684 free A 50 17 C standard, no-block. resist. requests, excellent adhes. and durability
Acronal
Acronal DS 6266 free A 48
50 14C standard, no-block. resist. requests, good durability
Acronal S 716 free SA 50 25 C universal, non blocking resist. requests, low odor, not stains
Acronal S 726 free SA 45 8 C primer and paint , tannin stain blocking
Acronal LR 8976 free SA* 52 1C primer and tannin, stain-blocking
Acronal 290 D free SA 50 20 C pigmented paints
Acronal LR 8960 free A 50 < 1 C second generation CS; excellent elasticity, outdoor durability and
hailstone resistance, moderate blocking resistance
Acronal LR 9014 free A 50 45 C best overall performance, excellent blocking, alkaline, blushing and
water resistance, strong thickener interaction, wet adhesion
Combinations Acr. LR 8960/ Luh. A 848 S hardness increase;
Acr. LR 9014 / LR 8960 flexibilization by softer LR 8960
Notes: A: Straight acrylic; SA: Styrene acrylic; CS: Core shell, Bold: New entry; not Bold: active ; in italic: cancelled,
*Styrene optimized acrylic <<
Dispersions for Architectural coatings: Primers
Primers for mineral substrates- Properties

Binder particle size and penetration in
Problem: film formation PRIMERS gypsum
Wetting of rough substrate Penetration depth, [cm]
12
Excellent adhesion to substrate and to

10
top coat material
Saponification resistance 8
Electrolyte stability, interface 6

interactions
4
Penetration power
2
Water repellency Particle size [nm]
0
Regulation of substrate absorbency 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Efflorescence protection Height of rise of acrylic dispersions in gypsum specimens

(from J. Mondt, Farbe und Lack 83, 1 (1977) pages 13-17)
Viscoelastic properties of polymer
excellent results with taylor-made, fine-
sized acrylic dispersion Acronal A 508
Aqueous Primer
Testing Adhesion to Rough, Porous Substrates: Torsional Shear Test
small sample volume (20 l)

failure at the interface
Clamp tool
Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer

Rheometrics RDA2
L.Santos: E-EDK/BA
Controlled deformation rate 97
Aqueous Primer
Colloidal Stability and Pore Penetration
Al3+
Al3+ Mg2+ Al3+ Mg2+ Al3+ Mg
2+ Ca2+ Mg2+
Ca2+ Al3+ Ca2+ Al3+ Ca2+

Mg2+
sterically stabilized particles electrolyte-induced aggregation

penetrate into substrate pores at the substrate surface
Aqueous Primer
Capillary Force and Wetting of Porous Substrates
small particles large particles

capillary force
good wetting poor wetting

SEM
cohesive failure adhesive failure
Acronal A 508 - Product Properties

Aqueous polymer dispersion of acrylics and Fine sized acrylic dispersion Acronal A 508 shows
methyl methacrylate, for solvent-free primers excellent penetration into porous mineral
on aged mineral surfaces substrates
Solids content (%): 41 +/- 1 e.g. concrete specimen after dipping 5 min in
pH: 7,5 - 8,5 diluted Acronal A 508;
Viscosity (mPas, at 250 sec-1): 120 - 250 (S. C. 10%; marked with fluorescent dye); Mean
MFFT (C): <3 penetration: 2,5 mm
Particle size (m): < 0,07
Solvent-free formulation possible

High penetration on aged mineral surfaces
High adhesion on dense mineral surfaces
No sedimentation
Best application concentration 10 +/- 2%
Normal light UV-light

Efflorescence protection and adhesion
Efflorescence protection test:

Cross-cut test results for water-
Top coat =
red coloured based primer based on fine-sized
exterior acrylic dispersion Acronal A 508
paint
Comparison
Transp. without
primer primer
Concrete
specimen Acrylic primer
with S. C. 5%
Acronal A 508 No Salt

based primer cocktail
acrylic primer Acrylic primer
with S. C. 10%
Acrylic primer
with S. C. 15%
Dry adhesion Wet adhesion 24 h in water

Aqueous primer: Acronal A 508
Alternative test: Adhesion of tile adhesive
Anchor for peel off test

Tile
Tile adhesive
Primer
Self levelling compound
Concrete slab
Test 3 - Adhesion of tile adhesive on self levelling

compound

Acronal LR 8976
Primer
BA-MMA/ Styrene-copolymer dispersion
Wood tannin
Paint for wet APEO- and ammonia-free
blocking
places Film: Tack-free and water resistant
Acronal LR 8976 Tannin and nicotine blocking primers
Facade Exterior paints; semi elastic coatings
paints Wet room paints
Nicotin stain solvent-free
blocking Interior paints
Low voc SA Matt to
solvent-free
Paints satingloss
Intern paints flat, silk to glossy
Possible block resistant alternative to Acronal S
559 in lower PVC range
Solids content: 52 weight-% Alternative to Acronal S 563, when wet adhesion is
not necessary
MFFT: approx. 1C
pH: 7-8
LR 8976 S 559 S 563 Vac/E Copo.
Elongation at break of film: approx. 700 %
Wet adhesion 2 5 1 5
Water uptake of film (24h): approx. 12 weight %
Blocking resistance 2 4 2 4
Saponification 48 49 48 35
Scrub resistance at
PVC 76 % 1100 5000 900
Acronal LR 8976: Nicotine blocking primer/ paint

Nicotine barrier Nicotin barrier without ZnO 637-001-5 Nicotin barrier with ZnO 637-001-8
Water 69,0 Water 59,0
-Formulation with and Acrysol RM 12 W 5,0 Acrysol RM 12 W 5,0
without ZnO possible Pigment disperser A 1,0 Pigment disperser A 1,0
NaPP 25% 4,0 NaPP 25% 4,0
>L* b* and E Parmetol A 26 2,0 Parmetol A 26 2,0
Byk 024 3,0 Byk 024 3,0
D C E1 Acronal LR 8976 200,0 Acronal LR 8976 200,0
Kronos 2056 200,0 Kronos 2056 240,0
35
Omyacarb Delta
5 GU E 140,0 Omyacarb 5 GU
Nicotine barrier 140,0
Finntalc M 30 SL 30,0 Finntalc M 30 SL 30,0
30
Lusovan PP 20,0 ZnO 30,0
Lusovan PP 20,0
25
Acronal LR 8976
Plastilit 3060
300,0
3,0 Acronal LR 8976 240,0
E2
Plastilit 3060 3,0
20 diglycol
Butyl 8,0
Butyl diglycol 8,0
Collcral PU 75, 1:1 with PG 13,0
Collcral PU 75, 1:1 with PG 13,0
15 024
Byk 2,0
Byk 024 2,0
B 1000,0
A 10 PVC approx. 32% 1000,0
PVC approx. 38%
Tannin barrier on Merbau wood 5
- after 24 h and 48 d in Water 0
A - Fiber cement Nicotine 001/8 100m D + Indoor
B- Indoor paint PVC 81 %
C- Nicotine extract wet = D Paint
D- Nicotine barrier primer 100 m wet
E1- Indoor paint (as primer) PVC 81 %
100 m wet
E2- Indoor paint (as top coat) PVC 81 %
100 m wet
Acronal LR 8976: Tannin blocking

Tannin blocking on Merbau after
After 24 h water immersion 28 d in water:
Tannine blocker 637-979-1 001-9

Water 29,5 Water 87,0
Acrysol RM 12 W 5,0 Pigment disperser A 1,0
Pigment disperser A 1,0 NaPP, 25% 4,0
NaPP, 25% 4,0 A B
Parmetol A 26 2,0
Parmetol A 26 2,0
A Tannine blocking primer based
Byk 024 3,0 on Acr. LR 8976 Byk 024 3,0
Propylene glycol 10,0 B - Competitor product Acronal LR 8976 200,0
Acronal LR 8976 230,0 Kronos 2056 200,0
Kronos 2056 140,0
Omyacarb 5 GU 140,0
Omyacarb 5 GU 140,0
Finntalc M 30 SL 30,0 Finntalc M 30 SL 30,0
Lusovan PP 20,0 Lusovan PP 20,0
Acronal LR 8976 370,0 Acronal LR 8976 300,0
Plastilit 3060 3,0
Plastilit 3060 3,0
Butyl diglycol 8,0
Collacral PU 75, 1:1 with PG 2,5 Butyl diglycol 8,0
Byk 024 2,0 Byk 024 2,0
1000,0 Optiflo H 370 3,0
1000,0
Acronal LR 8976: Wet spaces conditions

Conditions of test:
Wet room paints or for wet conditions 1. The paint is applied on 2 coats on Gypsum or other
type of substrate (without plaster, tissue and
Dr 78.97 '22.12.1997 primer)
Recommended formulation: 2. After 1 week the painted gypsum is cut in small square
water 100,0 forms with 10cmx10cm
Pigment disperser MD 20 7,0
Parmetol A 23 2,0 3. After that the painted sample is left for ca. 3 days to
Agitan E 255 4,0 application: 2 coats in a total of 600 g/m2 dry out, being after that sealed with a 2K-epoxy
Rheolate 208, sol. 5% 120,0 surface of subs10cm x 10 cm system in all their back-uncovered sides
TiO2 R-H-D 2 170,0 4. The painted sample is weighted. After that, in a plastic
Dispersion in ca. 20 min box these painted surfaces turned downside, are
Omyacarb extra GU 90,0 put in contact to an high absorbency surface - as a
Agitan E 255 1,0 sponge which should be from their part immerse in
water until at least the half their thickness
Acr. LR 8976, 52% 471,7
Water 34,3 5. To avoid evaporation a PE film should be used to
1.000,0 cover all the test samples
6. After 4 weeks the sample in test, after being
Experimental results: cleaned with a paper should be weighed again.
(A and B are two different trials from the same formulation ) The water absorption should be then calculated in
relation to the exposed area and should be max.
A B media
between 350 and 400 g/m2 or less.
before water immersion, in g 104,35 104,02 104,185
After 28d water immersion, in g 107,77 107,00 107,385
7. Important to control the real thickness applied. All the
areas not to be exposed should be perfect sealed,
Water absorption, in g 3,42 2,98 3,2
as well as to be sure about the exact measure of
Water absorption, in g / m 349,00 298,00 323,5 area to be exposed to the test.
Small slips by each of these conditions could bring
according our experiments, our results obtained in lab were : ca. 323 g/m 2
to important differences in the final values in water
uptake.

Primers : product portfolio
Primers APE Type Solids MFT Field of application
Acronal LR 8976 free SA* 52 1 C hydrophobic, solvent-free, good cohesion; for transparent and
pigmented primers.
Mat and satin paints, stain-blocking dispersion, NH3 free;
Acronal DS 6258X free SA* 50 3C Low dirt pick-up
Acronal A 684 free A 50 17C with adhesion promotor, for transparent and pigmented
Acronal S 726 free SA 45 8 C primer for tanin blocking and stain blocking (Wood)
Acronal A 508 free A 41 < 3C for impregnation primers, ultrafine, good penetration; mainly
for transparent primers, solvent-free
Acronal S 600 No SA 50 ca. 17C good overall performance, good adhesion
Acronal 290D/296D No SA 50 20C standard, low costs, mainly for pigmented primers
*
Dispersions for Architectural coatings. Floor coatings
Floor coatings: Garage paints
FLOOR COATINGS
Floor coatings: Garage paints
<<

Architectural coatings: additives
BASF Thickeners : Range of products

Acrylic ASE and HASE thickeners
Latekoll D - ASE thickener, 25 % SC. Microbicides resistant ; Not temperature sensitive; Improved leveling;
Inexpensive; Low -High shear viscosity; Relative high water retention; pH sensitive
Collacral DS 6256 - ASE thickener , 100% , micronized granulate; Pseudo plastic flow; High low shear viscosity; Reduced
water whitening, especially with Acronal A 754; Special production technology; Textured and marble stone finishes
Latekoll DS 6269 X - HASE low shear thickener, 30%, Increase KU viscosity, very pseudo plastic flow, improve settling.
Good behavior in exterior application, spray application, textured finishes, elastomeric paints, semi-gloss paints.
Polyvinylpyrrolidon - Protective colloid and stabilizer; Prevent pigment flotation and formation of a supernatant liquid; Used
as co-thickener; Best thickening effect at pH 6; Interface active; Stabilize hydrophobic resins
Collacral L 30 -
Polyurethane (HEUR); associative-Systematic increase of viscosity at low, mid and high shear rates. Adjust rheologie by
solvent; Strong dependency on total system by its associative mode of action; Not sensitive to microbicides; No yield point
Collacral PU 75
BASF ADDITIVES
- (low to medium shear, 25%): Increase in KU viscosity, pseudoplastic flow, improve settling. For
gloss to satin emulsion paints, clear marble chip coatings, airless spray application, elastomeric
paints, wood paints and roof coatings
Collacral PU 85 - (medium shear, 25%): Increase in KU viscosity, pseudoplastic flow, improve settling. For
architectural finishes, satin emulsion paints, elastomeric paints, wood paints and roof coatings
Collacral LR 8989 - (solvent free low to mid shear, 20%): Increase in KU viscosity, pseudoplastic flow, improve settling.
Solvent free. For gloss emulsion paints, elastomeric paints, textured finishes, wood paints and stains
interior and exterior.
Collacral LR 8990 - (solvent free mid to high shear, 40%): Increase in ICI viscosity, improve in newtonian flow, improve in
leveling. Solvent free, reduce spattering, increase build up. For gloss emulsion paints, elastomeric
paints, wood paints and stains, interior and exterior.

BASF - Dispersing agents: Range of products

Pigment disperser A (30%, NH4-salt polyacrylic acid; Use: 0,1 0,4%; universal ): Very efficient dispersing effect and requirement, dispersing
agent for universal applications for non-organic fillers and pigments;
Pigment disperser NL (35%, Na-salt polyacrylic acid; Use: 0.1 0.4% universal): Very efficient dispersing effect and requirement, dispersing
agent for universal applications for non-organic fillers and pigments, ammonia-free, therefore suitable for low odour
dispersion paints., low odor, NH3-free
Pigment disperser N: (100%, powder Na polyacrylate; Use:0.1 0.4% universal), low odour, NH3-free, version of Pigment disperser NL.
Pigment disperser S (35%, Na-salt polyacrylic acid; Use: 0.1 0.4% universal, low odour, NH3-free ): Very efficient dispersing effect and
requirement, dispersing agent for universal applications for non-organic fillers and pigments increases storage stability.
Lower molecular value than Pigment disp. N, for more rapid wetting, also for low-odour dispersion paints.
Pigment disper. MD 20 (25% modified poly-carboxylate Na salt [hydrophobic; hard MSA/Isobutene-copo.) Maleic acid di-isobutene
copoly. Na salt.]; Use: ca. 0.4% (interior paints) to 0.6 2.2 % (dispersion lacq.). Excellent dispersing effect in purely
aqueous or aqueous-organic mediums (such as water/ PG). Improves wet abrasion in highly filled interior paints
containing solvents or also solvent free formul.. Improves blocking resistance of wood finishes. Very high gloss values in
formulations for dispersion paints, particularly in combination with Ultradispers AB 30.
Ultradispers AB 30: (ex-Collacr. LR 8954; 30% co-polymer from BA/ acrylic acid.
NH4 salt: BA/ acrylic acid NH4 salt (hydrophobic, soft BA/AA-copolym.)] Use:1.0 5.0% (dispersion lacquers).
Considerable improvement in dispersion paint gloss, particularly in the presence of PG. Recommended for
combination with Pigment disper. MD 20. Very low water absorbency and high contact angle when used alone. More
hydrophobic than Pigment disperser A, N, NL or S.
Ultradispers MD 21: (45% modified poly-carboxylate Na salt; Use:0.5 1.0% highly filled interior paints
Significant reduction of wet abrasion in highly filled interior paints containing solvents or also solvent-free formulations.
Ultradispers MP 10: (40% modified poly-carboxylate Na salt; Use:0.2 1.0% high electrolyte concentrations, exterior paints, interior paints,
plasters, wood finishes, primers). Developed especially as sole dispersing agent for formulations with high ion
concentrations such as with very hard water, use of ZnO and pigment pastes. Can improve development of colour tone
in water based paints when pigment pastes are used.

Dispersions for Architectural coatings: Smart paints
Smart coatings : Drying accelerators

Basophob RSP
Water based solutions of special polyamines to improve
drying speed and early rain resistance
Effect based on controlled agglomeration of the dispersion
particles
100 m wet; drying time: 10 min at RT, 30 min rain
Acceleration of the first stage of the film
formation of anioinic stabilized paints and
textured finishes starting from coating surface
pH- decrease by quick ammonia or amine
evaporation at surface as reaction trigger;
starting at pH >> 8 (best compatibility at pH 9)
ammonia or volatile amines as neutralising
agent needed
Agglomeration of binder particles in paint
through emerging polycationes
Surface protection; skin effect to increase
early-rain resistance
But no increase of water evaporation rate !

BASF - other additives: Range of products
Film forming agents Drying accelerators

Lusolvan FBH (coalescent b.p. > 250 C) Basophob RSP (poly amine)
Plastilit 3060 (plasticizer)
Water repellent
Basophob WDS (PE-wax emulsion)
Wetting agents/surfactants
Lumiten N-OG (nonionic surfactant)
Lumiten N-OC 30 (nonionic surfactant)
Lumiten AQA 10
<<
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Dispersions for Architectural

Marketing Architectural Coatings

Our chemistry and product range - Backward Integration

Crude Oil Aromatics Benzene Maleic acid

Naphta Ethylene Methacrylic acid Methacrylic ester PA-Dispersions

Vinyl chloride VC-Copolymers

Ethylen oxide Emulsifier Polyacrylate resins

Propylene Propylen oxide Polyetherols Acrylic ester resins

Acrylonitrile Diisocyanates Aldehyde resins

Acrylic acid Acrylic esters Crosslinkers

Butyraldehyde Oxoalcohols Polyisocyanates

Natural gas Acetylene Vinyl ether Melamine resins

Ammonia Urea Melamine Urea resins

Synthetic gas Methanol Formaldehyde

Functional Polymers Non Functional Polymers

Basic Chemicals Monomers Polymers Markets/Customer

Ethylen imine Polyethylene imine Paper Industry

Dyes Medical Membranes

LPG Acetylene n-Vinylpyrrolidon Polyvinylpyrrolidon Pharma & Cosmetics

Chattanooga Tarragona Gebze

Monomers SAP Polymers

Construction Coatings Gloss Paints

Vinylcopolymers Interior Styrene acrylics

Influence of monomer composition

Typical water absorption (%) from paint

metacrylic acid esther 10

Preferred paint application

Acylic-styrene-copolymers (SA) : based on acrylic esters, (methacrylic esters) and styrene

General evaluation between dispersions

Price /Quality Yellowing Acr (BuA/MMA)

Easy to handle 2 Saponification

Shear stress stability Pigment-Binding power

superficial self degradation Water vapour permeability (1:1)

Possible application of the dispersion type

Wood coatings 0 Elastic paints

Textured paints Primer to mineral substrates

Low odour paints Plasters / Mortar

Where are applyed the acrylic dispersions

Pure Principal area of application

... Wood coatings ... ....... Intern paint .......

Gloss High gloss ...... Satin/ matt paint .......

One of the first links in a refinement chain

*): Influenced by Distribution

Straight Acrylics dispersions chart

9009 Clear coat on concrete, new

Straight Acrylics dispersions table

Styrene Acrylics dispersions chart

low Wet adhesion,

tack-free, water resistant water sensitivity

Styrene Acrylics dispersions table

Dispersion Solids MFFT Observ.

Dispersions: Field of application

Exterior paint : Flat and Textured paints

Exterior paint : Flat and Textured paints

Polymer Dispersions: long term durability (no yellowing, no

Exterior paint : Flat and Textured paints

Exterior paint : Flat and Textured paints

Exterior coatings Pointers

Exterior paints/ Summary: Trends and possibilities

Fine-sized, water-based acrylic primers (e.g

Exterior paints: parameters of classification

Dispersions: exterior- Faades - general use

Acronal 290 D No SA 50 20C Faades - Silicone normal+ textured paints