Fair Housing in Milwaukee

Civil Rights At Home

 De Jure vs. De Facto Segregation

De Jure Segregation De Facto Segregation

Jim Crow Laws Neighborhoods &
Buses Housing
Public Areas
Water Fountains
 African Americans are Segregated

Redlining

Racial Restrictive Covenants

 Redlining
Maps were drawn up in the 1930s and
1940s showing areas of a city where
people should be denied home loans.
Determined by economic and
oftentimes race.
 Racial Restrictive Covenants

Covenant: Contract imposed on the buyer of

property.
Designated that any non-white individuals
could not live in the subdivision. After a certain
amount of years the covenant expires.
16 of the 18 suburbs in Milwaukee County had
these covenants.
The Northern Campaign-1966
Following the successes of Selma and Montgomery,
MLK Jr and the SCLC focus their attention on housing
discrimination against African Americans and
segregation in education.
Primarily spent time in cities like Chicago and Detroit.
MLK and the activists use nonviolent demonstrations
but are met with resistance in all-white
neighborhoods.
I have seen many demonstrations in the south but I
have never seen anything so hostile and so hateful as
Ive seen here today--MLK
Alderwoman Vel Phillips

First woman and

African American on
the Milwaukee
Common Council.
Put forth bills to
stop discrimination
in housing, but lost
each time.
 Father James Groppi-1967

Following the failure of the bills, Fr.

Groppi, a leader in the NAACP Milw.
Chapter, leads hundreds of marches
and picket lines to demonstrate
nonviolently against discrimination in
housing.
http://collections.lib.uwm.edu
/cdm/singleitem/collection/m
arch/id/721/rec/2
Commandos
The Long Hot Summer of 1967

159 riots happen in different cities during the the Summer of 1967.
Cinncinati
Boston
Chicago
New York
Detroit
Birmingham
MILWAUKEE
Pres. Johnson sets up the Kerner Commission to find out what
caused the riots.
Findings=black frustration at lack of economic opportunity
 Memphis,TN 1968

While on the Poor Mans

Campaign, a planned rally
against economic injustice,
Martin Luther King Jr. is
shot from the second floor
Balcony of his motel.
Killer: James Earl Ray
MLKs death sets off riots in
several cities.
 Fair Housing Act 1968

Following the Assassination of MLK, Lyndon

B. Johnson pushes for the Fair Housing Act to
be passed.
Prohibits discrimination concerning the sale,
rental and financing of housing.
But do we still have segregation?
https://demographics.virginia.
edu/DotMap/index.html