Name_____________________

Period ______
Circulation/Respiratory Reading Questions
Chapter 42

1. How does an open circulatory system differ from a closed system?

OPEN CLOSED

2. Match the description with the correct term.

A. Arteries D. Cardiovascular system

B. Atrium E. Ventricle
C. Capillaries F. Veins

______ Internal transport system in humans and other vertebrates that consists of the heart, blood vessels,
and blood
______ Heart chamber that receives blood
______ Heart chamber that pumps blood
______ Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
______ Blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart
______ Microscopic blood vessels with thin, porous walls; site of gas and material exchange between tissues
and blood

3. Complete the following chart comparing the generalized circulatory schemes of vertebrates

4. How is the systemic circuit of blood flow different from the pulmonary circuit?

Systemic Pulmonary

5. What is the function of the valves inside the heart?

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6. Match the function with the correct valve.

A. Aortic semilunar valve P. Pulmonary semilunar valve

B. Bicuspid valve T. Tricuspid valve

______ Prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium
______ Prevents backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium
______ Prevents backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle
______ Prevents backflow of blood from the pulmonary trunk (artery) into the right ventricle

7. Describe what happens during:

Systole Diastole

8. Identify the type of blood (Oxygenated or Deoxygenated) carried or pumped by each of the following
structures.

______ Aorta ______ Inferior vena cava

______ Left atrium ______ Left ventricle
______ Pulmonary trunk/arteries ______ Pulmonary veins
______ Right atrium ______ Right ventricle
______ Superior vena cava

9. Use the word list below to complete the following.

Aorta, Pulmonary veins, Inferior vena cava, Right atrium, Left atrium, Right ventricle, Left
ventricle, Superior vena cava, Pulmonary arteries

The _________________________ and _________________________ carry blood into the right atrium. The
_________________________ pumps blood into the right ventricle. The _________________________
pumps blood into the pulmonary trunk. The _________________________ carry blood to the lungs. The
_________________________ carry blood to the left atrium. The _________________________ pumps blood
into the left ventricle. The _________________________ pumps blood into the aorta. The
_________________________ carries blood to the body.
10. Match the description with the correct conduction system component. Use the key provided to indicate your
answers.
A. SA node C. AV bundle & branches
B. AV node D. Purkinje fibers

______ Located in the right atrium just inferior to the entrance of the superior vena cava
______ Located in the lower atrial septum at the junction of atria and ventricles
______ Located within the interventricular septum
______ Located within the walls of the ventricles
______ Pacemaker
______ Provides the stimulus for contraction
______ Sets the rate of depolarization for heart as whole
______ Delays conduction of the impulse
11. Listed below are the events that cause the heart to contract. Put the steps in the correct order.
______ Depolarization of the SA node
______ Impulse passes along the Purkinje fibers
______ Impulse spreads throughout the atria
______ AV node receives impulse
______ Impulse passes through the AV bundle
______ AV node delays conduction of the impulse for approximately 0.1 sec.
______ Atria contract
______ Impulse passes through the bundle branches
______ Ventricles contract

12. Identify the component of blood described in each of the following.

Ps = Plasma R = Red blood cells

Pt = Platelets W = White blood cells

______ Consists of water and dissolved materials

______ Transport dissolved materials
______ Erythrocytes
______ Most numerous blood cells
______ Cells are biconcave in shape, lack a nucleus at maturity, and contain hemoglobin
______ Transports oxygen and help transport carbon dioxide
______ Leukocytes
______ Monocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes
______ Fight infections
______ Cell fragments
______ Involved in blood clotting

13. . What two events occur during gas exchange?

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14. Complete the following chart comparing respiratory structures.

15. How is positive pressure breathing different from negative pressure breathing?

Positive Pressure Breathing

Negative Pressure Breathing

16. Indicate if each of the following events occurs during Inhalation or during Exhalation.

______ Diaphragm contracts and moves down

______ Rib cage expands as rib muscles contract

______ Volume in chest cavity increases

______ Pressure inside chest cavity decreases

______ Air enters lungs

______ Diaphragm relaxes and moves up

______ Rib cage gets smaller as rib muscles relax

______ Volume in chest cavity decreases

______ Pressure in chest cavity increases

______ Air exits lungs

17. Explain the Bohr shift.

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