WOLDIA UNIVERSITY

FACULITY OF TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTEMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGIEERING
Stream power
Prepared by:
Name ID-no/
1 .AMSALU DEMEWEZ 0183/06
2.SENDEK ASMARE 0600/06
3.MOGES GETACHEW 0513/06
4.MANDEFRO TADESSE 214/05
5.DAWIT ATALAY 0524/06

ADIVSOR NAME:
Mr.Mintesnot Kasa

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Contents

ABSTRACT...............................................................................................................................ii

ACRONYMS............................................................................................................................vi

List of Figures..........................................................................................................................vii

CHAPTER- 1.............................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................1

1.1 Overview..........................................................................................................................1

1.2 Problem Statement............................................................................................................1

1.3 Objectives.........................................................................................................................2

1.3.1 General Objective......................................................................................................2

1.3.3 Specific Objectives....................................................................................................2

1.4 Methodology.....................................................................................................................2

1.6 Scope and Limitation........................................................................................................4

1.7 Organization of the Project.............................................................................................4I

CHAPTER-2..............................................................................................................................5

BACKGROUND THEORY AND LITERATURE REVIEW....................................................5

2.1 Background.......................................................................................................................5

2.1.1 Automatic light dimmer.............................................................................................5

2.1.2 Automatic Lawn Light with LDR..............................................................................6

2.1.3 Automatic Night Lamp with Triac.............................................................................6

2.1.4 Automatic Night Lamp with Morning Alarm Using Microprocessor........................7

CHAPTER-3..............................................................................................................................8

AUTOMATIC NIGHT LAMP WITH MORNINGALARM.....................................................8

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 3.1 Basic Concept of Automatic Night Lamp with Morning Alarm......................................8

3.2 Advantages.......................................................................................................................8

3.3 Applications......................................................................................................................8

3.4 Circuit Diagram..............................................................................................................9

3.5 Circuit Operation..............................................................................................................9

3.6 Description of Components............................................................................................10

3.6.1 Light Dependent Resistor........................................................................................10

3.6.2 Power Supply...........................................................................................................12

3.6.3 Resistor....................................................................................................................13

3.6.4 Transistor.................................................................................................................14

3.6.5 Diode........................................................................................................................17

3.6.6 Comparator..............................................................................................................18

3.6.7 Relays.......................................................................................................................19

3.6.8 Auxiliary Contacts...................................................................................................21

3.6.9 Speaker.....................................................................................................................22

CHAPTER-4............................................................................................................................22

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION.............................................................................................22

4.1 Results............................................................................................................................22

4.2 Conclusion......................................................................................................................23

REFERENCES.......................................................................................................................24

ACRONYMS

AC Alternative Current
DC Direct Current
DL Depletion Layer
IC Integrated Circuit

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LDR Light Dependent Resistor
LED Light Emitting Diode
NC Normally Closed
NO Normally Open
X-OR Exclusive or gate
MOSFET Metal oxide of sulphide field effect transistor
mm Mili meter
SPST Single pole and single throw
Traic Triode alternative current

List of Figures
Table No Description Page No
Figure 1.1: Block diagram of automatic light dimmer circuit diagram..............................11
Figure 2.1: Automatic light dimmer circuit diagram [4] ...................................................14
Figure 2.2: Automatic night lamp with Triac circuit diagram [3] .....................................15
Figure 3.1: Ccircuit diagram of Automatic Night Lamp with Morning Alarm...................17
Figure 3.2: LDR [5]............................................................................................................19
Figure 3.3: Symbol of LDR [5]...........................................................................................19
Figure 3.4: Practical LDR [5] ...........................................................................................19

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CHAPTER- 1

INTRODUCTION
This Project "Automatic on and off Lamp with Morning Alarm" needs no manual operation to
switch it OFF and ON the lamp. When darkness rises to a certain value then sensor circuit gets
activated and switches ON the lamp and when there is enough other source of light at the
surrounding i.e. day time, the lamp gets OFF. This circuit is developed using Microprocessor.
The sensors are made with help of LDR which are Light Dependent Resistors, whose Resistance
is inversely proportional to the Light falling on it. The LDR converts the light energy into
electrical energy and this variable electrical energy was converted into digital signal (0 or 1) by
using the timer IC. The Timer IC output goes low when light falls on the LDR and the timer IC
output goes high when the LDR was placed in dark.

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