Mechanical Engineering Threaded Fasteners & Power Screws

Outline of the Week

-Terminology
-Type of threaded fasteners

-Static loading on the fasteners

-Dynamic loading on the fasteners

-Power screws

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Mechanical Engineering
Thread Terminology

The pitch line or diameter is located at the height of the

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theoretical sharp v-thread profile.
Mechanical Engineering
Thread Profile

The pitch line or diameter is located at the height of the theoretical

sharp v-thread profile.

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Mechanical Engineering Threaded Fasteners

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Mechanical Engineering
Bolt

Figure 8-9, Shigley 5

Mechanical Engineering
Bolts

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Mechanical Engineering
Sheet Metal and Lag Screws

Sheet metal screws are often self-tapping.

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Mechanical Engineering
Machine Screws

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Mechanical Engineering
Set Screws

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Mechanical Engineering Thread Standards
American Standard B1.1-1949
First American standard to cover the Unified Thread Series agreed upon
by the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States. Represents the
basic American standard for fastener threads. Threads made to this
standard are called unified threads.

ANSI B1.1-1989/ASME B1.1 1989

Revised standard that still incorporates much of the original standard.

ANSI B1.13M-1983 (R1989)

Contains system of metric threads for general fastening purposes in
mechanisms and structures. Fasteners made to this standard are often
referred to as M-series.

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Mechanical Engineering Thread Series
Thread Series: groups of diameter-pitch combinations distinguished
from each other by the number of threads per inch applied to a specific
diameter.

Unified Thread Series (UNC or UNRC)

Most commonly used in the bulk production of bolts, screws, nuts for general
engineering applications.

Unified Fine-Thread Series (UNF or UNRF)

Use when more threads per inch are required (i.e. where are short length
of engagement is available).

M-Series
Metric system of diameters, pitches, and tolerance/allowances.

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Mechanical Engineering Thread Classes
Define the amount of tolerance and allowance associated with a
particular thread.

Classes 1A, 2A, 3A .

Apply to external threads.
Class 2A is the most commonly used

Classes 1B, 2B, 3B .

Apply to internal threads.
Class 2B is the most commonly used.
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Mechanical Engineering
Thread Designations (Inch Series)

An example of the standard method used to designate bolt and screw thread
requirements on a drawing or in a specification.

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Mechanical Engineering
Thread Designations (Metric Series)

Major diameter
tolerance grade

Major diameter
tolerance position

Pitch diameter Pitch diameter

tolerance grade tolerance position

An example of the standard method used to designate bolt and screw thread
requirements on a drawing or in a specification.

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Mechanical Engineering Tensile Stress Area
The average axial stress in a fastener is computed
using a tensile stress area.

Tests of threaded rods have shown that an unthreaded rod having a diameter equal to the
mean of the pitch diameter and the minor diameter will have the same tensile strength as the
threaded rod. (see Table 8.1, 8.2.)
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Mechanical Engineering Bolt Strength
Proof load (Fp ): The maximum load (force) that a bolt
can withstand without acquiring a permanent set.

Proof Strength (Sp ): The quotient of the proof load and

the tensile stress area ----- Fp= At Sp

Preload (Fi ): Initial tensile force for tightening screws

and nut-bolt assemblies.

0.75 At Sp For nonpermanent connections, reused fastners

Fi =
0.90 At Sp For permanent connections

(see Table 8.9-8.11)

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Mechanical Engineering
Bolt Tension with External Joint-Separation Force

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Mechanical Engineering
Bolt Tension with External Joint-Separation Force

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Mechanical Engineering
Bolt Tension with External Joint-Separation Force

Case I)

Case II)

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Mechanical Engineering
Shear Forces

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