Aqa 84022 W MS Jun14

AQA CERTIFICATE
CHEMISTRY
Paper 2 (8402/2)
Mark scheme
8402
June 2014
Version: 1.0 Final

Mark schemes are prepared by the Lead Assessment Writer and considered, together with the
relevant questions, by a panel of subject teachers. This mark scheme includes any amendments
made at the standardisation events which all associates participate in and is the scheme which was
used by them in this examination. The standardisation process ensures that the mark scheme covers
the students responses to questions and that every associate understands and applies it in the same
correct way. As preparation for standardisation each associate analyses a number of students
scripts: alternative answers not already covered by the mark scheme are discussed and legislated for.
If, after the standardisation process, associates encounter unusual answers which have not been
raised they are required to refer these to the Lead Assessment Writer.
It must be stressed that a mark scheme is a working document, in many cases further developed and
expanded on the basis of students reactions to a particular paper. Assumptions about future mark
schemes on the basis of one years document should be avoided; whilst the guiding principles of
assessment remain constant, details will change, depending on the content of a particular
examination paper.
Further copies of this mark scheme are available from aqa.org.uk
Copyright 2014 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved.

AQA retains the copyright on all its publications. However, registered schools/colleges for AQA are permitted to copy material from this
booklet for their own internal use, with the following important exception: AQA cannot give permission to schools/colleges to photocopy any
material that is acknowledged to a third party even for internal use within the centre.
MARK SCHEME AQA Level 1/2 Certificate in Chemistry Paper 2 8402/2 June 2014
Information to Examiners
1. General
The mark scheme for each question shows:
the marks available for each part of the question
the total marks available for the question
the typical answer or answers which are expected
extra information to help the Examiner make his or her judgement and help to delineate
what is acceptable or not worthy of credit or, in discursive answers, to give an overview
of the area in which a mark or marks may be awarded.
The extra information is aligned to the appropriate answer in the left-hand part of the mark
scheme and should only be applied to that item in the mark scheme.
At the beginning of a part of a question a reminder may be given, for example: where
consequential marking needs to be considered in a calculation; or the answer may be on
the diagram or at a different place on the script.
In general the right-hand side of the mark scheme is there to provide those extra details
which confuse the main part of the mark scheme yet may be helpful in ensuring that
marking is straightforward and consistent.
2. Emboldening
2.1 In a list of acceptable answers where more than one mark is available any two
from is used, with the number of marks emboldened. Each of the following bullet
points is a potential mark.
2.2 A bold and is used to indicate that both parts of the answer are required to award
the mark.
2.3 Alternative answers acceptable for a mark are indicated by the use of or. Different
terms in the mark scheme are shown by a / ; eg allow smooth / free movement.
3. Marking points
3.1 Marking of lists
This applies to questions requiring a set number of responses, but for which
students have provided extra responses. The general principle to be followed in
such a situation is that right + wrong = wrong.
Each error / contradiction negates each correct response. So, if the number of error
/ contradictions equals or exceeds the number of marks available for the question,
no marks can be awarded.
However, responses considered to be neutral (indicated as * in example 1) are not
penalised.
Example 1: What is the pH of an acidic solution? (1 mark)
Student Response Marks

awarded
1 green, 5 0
2 red*, 5 1
3 red*, 8 0
3 of 20
Example 2: Name two planets in the solar system. (2 marks)
Student Response Marks awarded

1 Neptune, Mars, Moon 1
2 Neptune, Sun, Mars, 0
Moon
3.2 Use of chemical symbols / formulae

If a student writes a chemical symbol / formula instead of a required chemical name,
full credit can be given if the symbol / formula is correct and if, in the context of the
question, such action is appropriate.
3.3 Marking procedure for calculations
Full marks can be given for a correct numerical answer, without any working shown.
However, if the answer is incorrect, mark(s) can be gained by correct substitution /
working and this is shown in the extra information column or by each stage of a
longer calculation.
3.4 Interpretation of it
Answers using the word it should be given credit only if it is clear that the it refers
to the correct subject.
3.5 Errors carried forward
Any error in the answers to a structured question should be penalised once only.
Papers should be constructed in such a way that the number of times errors can be
carried forward are kept to a minimum. Allowances for errors carried forward are
most likely to be restricted to calculation questions and should be shown by the
abbreviation e.c.f. in the marking scheme.
3.6 Phonetic spelling
The phonetic spelling of correct scientific terminology should be credited unless
there is a possible confusion with another technical term.
3.7 Brackets
(..) are used to indicate information which is not essential for the mark to be
awarded but is included to help the examiner identify the sense of the answer
required.
3.8 Ignore / Insufficient / Do not allow
Ignore of insufficient is used when the information given is irrelevant to the question
or not enough to gain the marking point. Any further correct amplification could gain
the marking point.
Do not allow means that this is a wrong answer which, even if the correct answer is
given, will still mean that the mark is not awarded.
4 of 20
4. Quality of Communication and levels marking
In Question 5(b) students are required to produce extended written material in English, and
will be assessed on the quality of their written communication as well as the standard of the
scientific response.
Students will be required to:

use good English
organise information clearly
use specialist vocabulary where appropriate.
The following general criteria should be used to assign marks to a level:
Level 1: basic
Knowledge of basic information
Simple understanding
The answer is poorly organised, with almost no specialist terms and their use
demonstrating a general lack of understanding of their meaning, little or no detail
The spelling, punctuation and grammar are very weak.
Level 2: clear
Knowledge of accurate information
Clear understanding
The answer has some structure and organisation, use of specialist terms has been
attempted but not always accurately, some detail is given
There is reasonable accuracy in spelling, punctuation and grammar, although there may
still be some errors.
Level 3: detailed
Knowledge of accurate information appropriately contextualised
Detailed understanding, supported by relevant evidence and examples
Answer is coherent and in an organised, logical sequence, containing a wide range of
appropriate or relevant specialist terms used accurately.
The answer shows almost faultless spelling, punctuation and grammar.
5 of 20
Question Answers Extra information Mark AO/spec ref
1(a)(i) thermal decomposition 1 AO1

5.3a
1(a)(ii) calcium oxide accept quicklime 1 AO1

5.3a, 5.3c
1(a)(iii) quarrying 1 AO1

5.3c
1(a)(iv) any one from: 1 AO1

building (material) 5.3c
controlling soil acidity accept to neutralise acid soil
making cement
making glass
produce CaO (lime)
produce Ca(OH)2 (calcium accept to produce limewater
hydroxide) ignore to test for CO2
ignore use in iron extraction
1(b)(i) carbon dioxide gas is given off 1 AO2

1.3g, 1.3i,
5.3a
1(b)(ii) does not break down / accept is stable to heat or has not 1 AO2
decompose reacted or not hot enough to
1.3g, 1.3i,
break down
5.3a
do not accept incorrect references
to reactivity
accept no gas is given off
1(c)(i) measuring cylinder not vertical / ignore gas escaping 1 AO3

straight / level
1.3g, 1.3i,
5.3a
Question 1 continues on the next page
6 of 20
Question 1 continued
1(c)(ii) third result for zinc carbonate 1 AO3

indicated
1.3g, 1.3i,
did not put bung in firmly or gas accept any answer which would 1 5.3a
leaked cause no gas to be collected
accept did not heat it
do not accept did not heat
strongly enough as any heating
would produce a gas due to
expansion
dependent on first mark
1(c)(iii) no carbon dioxide or gas not do not accept insufficient carbon 1 AO1
carbon dioxide dioxide
5.3a
because rubidium carbonate does accept not hot enough to break 1
not break down down
if no other mark gained, allow air
in the tube expands when heated
or feasible alternative gas for 1
mark
Total 11
7 of 20
2(a)(i) copper is less reactive than 1 AO3

hydrogen or copper is unreactive
6.1a
2(a)(ii) Zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid 1 AO1

6.1a
2(b) (gas) syringe 1 AO1

6.1a
2(c)(i) 35 allow 3 1 AO3

because not close to others accept it is much lower than the 1 6.1a
others
ignore references to trends or
patterns
dependent on the first mark
2(c)(ii) (49 + 50 + 48) / 3 correct answer with or without 1 AO3

working gains 2 marks
= 49 1 6.1a
allow ecf from anomaly identified
in (i) for 2 marks:
Exp 1 anomalous gives
43.3
Exp. 2 anomalous gives
44
Exp. 4 anomalous gives
44.7
answer of 45.5 or 46 (anomaly
not excluded) gains 1 mark
correct working excluding
anomaly but with wrong answer
gains 1 mark
2(c)(iii) so that a mean can be calculated accept improves accuracy of the 1 AO2
mean or so anomalies can be
6.1a
identified / discarded or to reduce
effect of random errors
ignore makes it a fair test
ignore reliability, validity,
repeatability, reproducibility
8 of 20
2(d)(i) idea of mixing with oxygen / air, accept converse 1 AO3

letting air / oxygen in
3.1d
2(d)(ii) H2O do not accept incorrect additional 1 AO3

products
balancing 2 (1) 2 allow fractions or multiples 1

Total 11
9 of 20
3(a) any three from: 3 AO3

concentration of (salt) 6.1b
solution
volume of (salt) solution ignore amount of solution
initial temperature (of the ignore room temperature
solution)
surface area / form of
metal
moles of metal allow mass / amount
ignore time
ignore size of tube
3(b) 20 1 AO2
32 1 6.1b
12 allow ecf 1
3(c)(i) four bars of correct height tolerance is + / - half square 2 AO2

3 correct for 1 mark 6.1b
bars labelled 1
3(c)(ii) one variable is non-continuous / accept qualitative or discrete 1 AO2

categoric
accept no values between the 6.1b
metals
3(c)(iii) magnesium 1 AO3

because biggest temperature accept gives out most energy 1 6.1b
change
ignore rate of reaction
3(c)(iv) does not react / silver cannot 1 AO3

displace copper
6.1b
because silver not more reactive 1
(than copper) or silver below
copper in reactivity series
do not accept silver is less
reactive than copper sulfate
10 of 20
3(c)(v) replace the copper sulfate could be implied 1 AO3

with any compound of a named allow students to score even if 1 6.1b
metal less reactive than copper use an insoluble salt
Total 16
11 of 20
4(a)(i) brown 1 AO1

3.3a
4(a)(ii) oxygen + iron + water hydrated iron oxide / rust 1 AO2

allow correct symbol equation 1.3f
ignore oxidation numbers for
product
4(b)(i) 32.3 1 AO2

3.3a
4(b)(ii) 7.6 ecf from (b)(i) 1 AO2

3.3a
4(b)(iii) do not know start volume of air 1 AO3

because the burette not allow iron wool takes up some of 1 3.1a, 3.3a
graduated to the end the space
if no other marks awarded accept

all iron may have rusted (1) or still
some oxygen left / not all used up
(1)
4(c)(i) gains oxygen and water or allow reacts with or gains oxygen 1 AO2
oxygen and water are added allow reacts with or gains water
1.3h
allow reacts with or gains
elements which add to mass
ignore iron oxide forms
4(c)(ii) as temperature increases (from accept positive correlation 1 AO3

10 C to 42 C or to 50 C) the accept mass increases
1.3h
increase in mass of nail increases
rate of increase gets faster as accept exponential 1
temperature goes up ignore non linear
no further increase at accept no further increase at high 1
temperatures over 42 C temperatures
exponential increase scores 2
marks
12 of 20
4(c)(iii) use a (bigger) flask or let air into ignore more water 1 AO3
the tube or leave for less time or
3.3a
to make sure sufficient oxygen / accept converse 1
air or not all oxygen used up
if no other marks awarded allow
change in surface area for rusting
or change in number of nails for 1
mark
Total 12
13 of 20
5(a) pure copper is twice as good a accept reverse argument 2 AO3

conductor as 99% pure copper
accept answers quoting 2 correct 6.2d, 6.2f
values from the graph scores 2
qualitative answer (e.g. pure
copper is a better conductor than
impure copper) scores 1
or
answers quoting a conductivity
value from the graph scores 1
14 of 20
3AO1 / 3AO3
5(b) 6 marks
6.2d, 6.2h
Marks awarded for this answer will be determined by the Quality of Communication (QC) as well as the
standard of the scientific response. Examiners should also refer to the information on page 5 and apply a
best-fit approach to the marking.
0 marks Level 1 (12 marks) Level 2 (34 marks) Level 3 (56 marks)
No relevant content Simple list of a limited A broader set of points Answer includes linking
number of points given, made. There will between ideas, showing
with no linking between probably not be links the consequence of
ideas between ideas either not recycling or
the advantage of
recycling. Answers such
as less fossil fuel
needed so less carbon
dioxide produced or
less carbon dioxide
produced so less global
warming
examples of the points made in the response extra information
resources
(recycling) conserves supplies of ores
copper available for longer
as (at present rate of use) copper ores will
run out in about 35 years
(recycling) conserves supplies of fossil fuels or
energy
less fuel used at a lower cost
land pollution
mining scars landscape or produces noise pollution
mining destroys wildlife habitats
(recycling) less need to mine ores/fossil fuels
so less habitat destroyed or less scarring of
landscape
(recycling) less need to use landfill for waste
atmospheric pollution
burning fossil fuels produces carbon dioxide /
greenhouse gas
which (may) cause global warming or
climate change
extraction produces sulfur dioxide
which causes acid rain
which can kill trees / fish
15 of 20
5(c) grow plants accept plants absorb copper 1 AO1

(through roots)
then plants are burned 1 6.2e
ash (from burning) contains 1
copper compounds
Total 11
16 of 20
6(a) neutralisation ignore reference to exothermic or 1 AO1

endothermic
5.1b
6(b) 2 HCl + CaO CaCl2 + H2O accept multiples and fractions AO2
formulae ignore state symbols 1 1.3f, 5.1a
balancing (dependent on first 1
mark)
6(c) (the carbonate has) fizzing / ignore dissolving 1 AO2

bubbles / effervescence
ignore gas produced 5.1b, 5.3b
6(d) add excess calcium carbonate to ignore heating the acid 1 AO1
acid (and stir) / add CaCO3 until accept answer using calcium
5.1c, 5.2a,
fizzing stops oxide in place of calcium
5.2b
carbonate
(remove excess calcium 1
carbonate by) filter(ing)
warm until a saturated solution do not accept heat until all water 1
forms / point of crystallisation / gone
crystals start to form
leave to cool dependent on previous mark 1
If solution not heated
allow leave to evaporate (1)
until crystals form (1)
6(e)(i) white precipitate / solid (forms) 1 AO1

insoluble in excess or remains or dependent on a precipitate / solid 1 14.1b
no (further) change in excess forming
6(e)(ii) same result with magnesium do not accept reference to any 1 AO3
(ions) other ion(s) that do not give a
14.1b
white precipitate
accept other named ions that do
give a white precipitate
17 of 20
6(e)(iii) flame test or description of flame 1 AO3

test
E 14.1a
gives a red flame accept brick red or orange-red or 1
scarlet
do not accept crimson
Total 13
18 of 20
7(a)(i) allow OH 1 AO1

10.1a
7(a)(ii) (C2H5OH +) 3O2 2CO2 + 3H2O AO2

formulae all 3 formulae gain 2 marks; 2 1.3f, 8.3a,
2 formulae gain 1 mark 10.1b
balanced dependent on formulae 1
accept multiples
7(a)(iii) energy is required to break bonds 1 AO1

energy is released when bonds 1 11.2f
are formed
exothermic because more energy 1
is released than taken in
7(b)(i) 3318 or 3320 (J) correct answer with or without 2 AO2

11.2a
if answer incorrect, allow 1 mark
for correct working, eg:
temperature change = (38.322.5
= ) 15.8 or Q = (50 x 4.2 x 15.8 =)
allow ecf from temp change
7(b)(ii) if answer from (b)(i) used: allow ecf from (b)(i) 1 AO2
(3318 / 0.85) = 3904 accept 2 sig figs up to calculator 11.2b
value
if value of 3000 used:
3000 / 0.85 = 3529
7(c)(i) the more carbon atoms in one do not accept proportional 1 AO3
molecule, the more heat energy is
11.2b
given out
19 of 20
7(c)(ii) heat loss (to surroundings or to accept not all energy used to heat 1 AO3
the can or to the air) water
11.2b
allow incomplete combustion
allow not all burned
ignore thermometer or balance
errors
7(c)(iii) incomplete combustion (occurs 1 AO3

when more C atoms in molecule)
8.3a
7(c)(iv) 1370 correct answer with or without 3 AO2

1.3b, 11.2b
(Mr ethanol =) 46 gains 1 mark
46 x 29.7 gains 2 marks
max 2 marks if incorrect sig figs
(1366.2, 1366, 1400)
final answer ecf on incorrect Mr
max 2 marks
Total 16
20 of 20

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AQA CERTIFICATE

Version: 1.0 Final

Further copies of this mark scheme are available from aqa.org.uk

Copyright 2014 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved.

Student Response Marks

Example 2: Name two planets in the solar system. (2 marks)

Student Response Marks awarded

3.2 Use of chemical symbols / formulae

4. Quality of Communication and levels marking

Students will be required to:

The following general criteria should be used to assign marks to a level:

Question Answers Extra information Mark AO/spec ref

1(a)(i) thermal decomposition 1 AO1

1(a)(ii) calcium oxide accept quicklime 1 AO1

1(a)(iii) quarrying 1 AO1

1(a)(iv) any one from: 1 AO1

1(b)(i) carbon dioxide gas is given off 1 AO2

1(c)(i) measuring cylinder not vertical / ignore gas escaping 1 AO3

Question 1 continues on the next page

Question Answers Extra information Mark AO/spec ref

1(c)(ii) third result for zinc carbonate 1 AO3

Question Answers Extra information Mark AO/spec ref

2(a)(i) copper is less reactive than 1 AO3

2(a)(ii) Zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid 1 AO1

2(b) (gas) syringe 1 AO1

2(c)(i) 35 allow 3 1 AO3

2(c)(ii) (49 + 50 + 48) / 3 correct answer with or without 1 AO3

Question 2 continues on the next page

Question Answers Extra information Mark AO/spec ref

2(d)(i) idea of mixing with oxygen / air, accept converse 1 AO3

2(d)(ii) H2O do not accept incorrect additional 1 AO3

balancing 2 (1) 2 allow fractions or multiples 1

Question Answers Extra information Mark AO/spec ref

3(a) any three from: 3 AO3

3(c)(i) four bars of correct height tolerance is + / - half square 2 AO2

3(c)(ii) one variable is non-continuous / accept qualitative or discrete 1 AO2

3(c)(iii) magnesium 1 AO3

3(c)(iv) does not react / silver cannot 1 AO3

Question 3 continues on the next page

Question Answers Extra information Mark AO/spec ref

3(c)(v) replace the copper sulfate could be implied 1 AO3

Question Answers Extra information Mark AO/spec ref

4(a)(i) brown 1 AO1

4(a)(ii) oxygen + iron + water hydrated iron oxide / rust 1 AO2

4(b)(i) 32.3 1 AO2

4(b)(ii) 7.6 ecf from (b)(i) 1 AO2

4(b)(iii) do not know start volume of air 1 AO3

if no other marks awarded accept

4(c)(ii) as temperature increases (from accept positive correlation 1 AO3

Question 4 continues on the next page

Question Answers Extra information Mark AO/spec ref

Question Answers Extra information Mark AO/spec ref

5(a) pure copper is twice as good a accept reverse argument 2 AO3

Question 5 continues on the next page

examples of the points made in the response extra information

Question Answers Extra information Mark AO/spec ref

5(c) grow plants accept plants absorb copper 1 AO1

Question Answers Extra information Mark AO/spec ref

6(a) neutralisation ignore reference to exothermic or 1 AO1

6(c) (the carbonate has) fizzing / ignore dissolving 1 AO2

6(e)(i) white precipitate / solid (forms) 1 AO1

Question Answers Extra information Mark AO/spec ref

6(e)(iii) flame test or description of flame 1 AO3