JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW TEMPLATE

North American University

Education Department
M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction/
EDUC 5324 Integrating Technology into Education

Name:___ Gulnaz Aslanova ________ Date: ___06/03/2017____

Cite the reviewed article in APA format:

Waxman, H., Boriack, A., Yuan-Hsuan, L., & MacNeil, A. (2013). Principals'
Perceptions of the Importance of Technology in Schools. Contemporary Educational
Technology, 4(3), 187-196.

INTRODUCTION
Research Questions (if research questions are not specifically mentioned, what is
the theoretical background or overarching theme):
What is the major functions of technology for principals in public schools?

Purpose of the research:

The purpose of this research was to set the limits of National Education Technology
Standards for Administrators (NETS A) how to successfully integrate technology in
their schools.

METHODOLOGY
What is the methodology for the research or approach used to understand the
issue? Provide information regarding the following:

Participants:
Interview questionnaire that asked principals about their perceptions regarding the
importance of technology for their schools was responded by 310 principals.
*126 of participants were male and 184 of them were female.

Procedures:
Graduate students in the Educational Leadership program administered this
questionnaire. Students were trained on how to administer the instrument and required
to interview a specific number of current public school principals. The survey was
designed specifically for this purpose and included both qualitative and quantitative
questions.
Data Collection Methods/Data Source:
For this research, the only data was used from the interviews. The questions for interview
were Has technology had an impact in your school?" and "If so, in what specific ways
has it made a difference?

Data Analysis:
Analysis of the interview data began with a process of data reduction. The participants
responses were read several times to become familiar with the data. The data was then
coded into meaningful categories. Once the categories were established, another
researcher independently coded a 10% sample of responses to determine the consistency
of the coding. The inter-coder reliability results revealed a high level of agreement
(Cohens kappa = .94). (Waxman, H., Boriack, A., Yuan-Hsuan, L., & MacNeil, A.
(2013). Principals' Perceptions of the Importance of Technology in
Schools. Contemporary Educational Technology, 4(3), 187-196.)

RESULTS
Findings or Results (or main points of the article):
The responses for the questionnaire about major functions of technology were grouped
into six categories:
*35% of the principals indicated that technology was used as a primary communication
tool.
*28% of principals answered that technology was integrated in teachers classroom
instruction.
*14% of principals responded that technology was used for data sharing and
management.
*The fourth category was using technology as a resource to find information (15%)
*The fifth category was used technology for administrative tasks, such as taking
attendance (10%)
*For the last category was used for student learning (10%)

DISCUSSIONS

Conclusions/Implications (for your profession):

Principals should be able to understand and implement new technologies at schools. They
should pioneer new developments for instructional purposes. They should be able to plan and
manage technology at schools.
Schmeltzer (2001) argues that administrators need a broad set of experiences; they need to
develop an understanding of how technology can improve instructional practices and a repertoire
of strategies for supporting teachers efforts to use technology in the classroom.
REFLECTIONS

Students Reflections (changes to your understanding; implications for your

school/work):
 Principals are most responsible stakeholders at campuses from planning, developing,
monitoring, and evaluating. Technology should and must be one of the main responsibilities of
principals as well. Ten years ago we were not talking about the reading a books from tablets,
kindles or iPad but today we have these technology at our dispense in every aspect of our lives.
As a principals, managers, or leaders we should plan how to make these novice devices
compatible within our work. Whether it is a school, university, or any other educational
institutions we should be ready for fast developing world. Keeping up with these expectations
and necessitates our principals should be able to implement, use and understand the needs of
technology at our schools.
It is very important to monitor and evaluate the technology development at campus. Principal
should plan how to bring the new technology to the school.

References;
Waxman, H., Boriack, A., Yuan-Hsuan, L., & MacNeil, A. (2013). Principals'
Perceptions of the Importance of Technology in Schools. Contemporary Educational
Technology, 4(3), 187-196.