Respiration

Saraswati Vidya Niketan

Human and Social Biology

Name: Form:

Instruction: Answer all questions. Time: 30 minutes

Question 1

(a) Gaseous exchange surfaces usually have a large surface area which increases the rate of diffusion of
gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide.
(i) Besides having a large surface area, what are two OTHER characteristics of gaseous exchange
surfaces? (2 marks)
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(ii) Explain how gaseous exchange occurs within the alveoli with the use of a labelled diagram.
(4 marks)

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(b) During a 400 m race, Kirenia started to experience muscle fatigue and pain in her legs.
(i) Name the type of respiration that would most likely cause her to experience muscle fatigue and
pain in her legs. (1 mark)
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(ii) Name the organelle that this process takes place in. (1 mark)
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Respiration
(iii) Which substance caused her to experience muscle fatigue and pain in her legs? (1 mark)
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(iv) How would the substance named in (b)(iv) affect Kirenias performance? (1 mark)
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(v) How can Kirenia relieve herself from muscle fatigue and pain during the race? (1 mark)
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(c) State two major differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration. (2 marks)
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Question 2

(a) Figure 1 iis a diagram of the human respiratory system. Label parts A, B, C, D and E. (5 marks)

DIAGRAM SHOWING THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

(b) Complete the table below to show how the lungs and diaphragm would move during inhalation and
exhalation. (2 marks)
Features Inhalation Exhalation
Lungs

Diaphragm

Table showing how the lungs and diaphragm move during inhalation and exhalation.