12 of 19 TRIGONO METRIC RATIO & IDENTITY

SHORT REVISION
Trigonometric Ratios & Identities
1. BASIC TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES :
(a)sin2 + cos2 = 1 ; 1 sin 1 ;
1 cos 1 R
(b)sec tan2 = 1 ;
2 sec 1 R
(c)cosec2 cot2 = 1 ; cosec 1 R
2. IMPORTANT T RATIOS:
(a)sin n = 0 ; cos n = (-1)n ; tan n = 0 where n I
(2n + 1) ( 2 n + 1)
(b)sin = (1)n &cos = 0 where n I
2 2
31 5
(c)sin 15 or sin = = cos 75 or cos ;
12 2 2 12

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3+1 5
cos 15 or cos = = sin 75 or sin ;
12 2 2 12
3 1 3 +1
tan 15 = = 2 3 = cot 75 ; tan 75 = = 2 + 3 = cot 15
3 +1 3 1
2 2 2+ 2 3
(d)sin = ; cos = ; tan = 21 ; tan = 2+1
8 2 8 2 8 8
51 5+1
(e) sin or sin 18 = & cos 36 or cos =
10 4 5 4

TEKO CLASSES, H.O.D. MATHS : SUHAG R. KARIYA (S. R. K. Sir) PH: 0 903 903 7779,
3. TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS OF ALLIED ANGLES :
If is any angle, then , 90 , 180 , 270 , 360 etc. are called ALLIED ANGLES.
(a) sin ( ) = sin ; cos ( ) = cos
(b) sin (90- ) = cos ; cos (90 ) = sin
(c) sin (90+ ) = cos ; cos (90+ ) = sin (d)sin (180 ) = sin ; cos (180 ) = cos
(e) sin (180+ ) = sin ; cos (180+ ) = cos
(f) sin (270 ) = cos ; cos (270 ) = sin (g) sin (270+ ) = cos ; cos (270+ ) = sin

4. TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS OF SUM OR DIFFERENCE OF TWO ANGLES :

(a) sin (A B) = sinA cosB cosA sinB (b) cos (A B) = cosA cosB sinA sinB
(c) sinA sinB = cosB cosA = sin (A+B) . sin (A B)
(d) cosA sinB = cosB sinA = cos (A+B) . cos (A B)
tan (A B) = tan A tan B
cot A cot B 1
(e) (f) cot (A B) =
1 tan A tan B cot B cot A
5. FACTORISATION OF THE SUM OR DIFFERENCE OF TWO SINES OR COSINES :
C+D CD C+ D CD
(a) sinC + sinD = 2 sin cos (b) sinC sinD = 2 cos sin
2 2 2 2
C+D CD C+ D CD
(c) cosC + cosD = 2 cos cos (d) cosC cosD = 2 sin sin
2 2 2 2
6. TRANSFORMATION OF PRODUCTS INTO SUM OR DIFFERENCE OF SINES & COSINES :
(a) 2 sinA cosB = sin(A+B) + sin(AB) (b) 2 cosA sinB = sin(A+B) sin(AB)
(c) 2 cosA cosB = cos(A+B) + cos(AB) (d) 2 sinA sinB = cos(AB) cos(A+B)
7. MULTIPLE ANGLES AND HALF ANGLES :

(a) sin 2A = 2 sinA cosA ; sin = 2 sin cos
2 2
 cos2A = cos2A sin2A = 2cos2A 1 = 1 2 sin2A ;

13 of 19 TRIGONO METRIC RATIO & IDENTITY

(b)

cos = cos2 sin = 2cos2 1 = 1 2sin2 .
2 2 2 2
1 cos 2A
2 cos2A = 1 + cos 2A , 2sin2A = 1 cos 2A ; tan2A =
1 + cos 2A

2 cos 2 = 1 + cos , 2 sin 2 = 1 cos .
2 2
2tanA 2tan( 2)
(c) tan 2A = ; tan =
1 tan 2 A 1 tan 2 ( 2)
2tanA 1tan 2 A
(d) sin 2A = , cos 2A = (e) sin 3A = 3 sinA 4 sin3A
1+ tan A2
1+ tan A2
3tanAtan 3 A
(f) cos 3A = 4 cos A 3 cosA
3 (g) tan 3A =
8. THREE ANGLES : 13tan 2 A
tanA + tanB+ tanCtanA tanBtanC
(a) tan (A+B+C) =
1 tanA tanB tanBtanC tanCtanA
NOTE IF : (i) A+B+C = then tanA + tanB + tanC = tanA tanB tanC

(ii) A+B+C =

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then tanA tanB + tanB tanC + tanC tanA = 1
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2
(b) If A + B + C = then : (i) sin2A + sin2B + sin2C = 4 sinA sinB sinC
A B C
(ii) sinA + sinB + sinC = 4 cos cos cos
2 2 2
9. MAXIMUM & MINIMUM VALUES OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS:
(a) Min. value of a2tan2 + b2cot2 = 2ab where R
(b) Max. and Min. value of acos + bsin are a 2 + b 2 and a 2 + b 2
(c) If f() = acos( + ) + bcos( + ) where a, b, and are known quantities then
a 2 + b 2 + 2ab cos( ) < f() < a 2 + b 2 + 2ab cos( )

TEKO CLASSES, H.O.D. MATHS : SUHAG R. KARIYA (S. R. K. Sir) PH: 0 903 903 7779,
(d) If , 0, and + = (constant) then the maximum values of the expression
2
cos cos, cos + cos, sin + sin and sin sin
occurs when = = /2.
(e) If , 0, and + = (constant) then the minimum values of the expression
2
sec + sec, tan + tan, cosec + cosec occurs when = = /2.
(f) If A, B, C are the angles of a triangle then maximum value of
sinA + sinB + sinC and sinA sinB sinC occurs when A = B = C = 600
(g) In case a quadratic in sin or cos is given then the maximum or minimum values can be interpreted
by making a perfect square.
10. Sum of sines or cosines of n angles,
n
n1
( )
sin
sin + sin ( + ) + sin ( + 2 ) + ...... + sin + n 1 = sin + 2
sin 2
2
n
n1
(
cos + cos ( + ) + cos ( + 2 ) + ...... + cos + n 1 =
sin 2
sin )
cos +


2
2
EXERCISEI
Q.1 Prove that cos + cos ( + ) 2cos cos cos ( + ) = sin
Q.2 Prove that cos 2 = 2 sin + 4cos ( + ) sin sin + cos 2( + )
Q.3 Prove that , tan + 2 tan 2 + 4 tan 4 + 8 cot 8 = cot .
Q.4 Prove that : (a) tan 20 . tan 40 . tan 60 . tan 80 = 3
4 3 5 7 3
(b) tan 9 tan 27 tan 63 + tan 81 = 4 . (c) sin + sin 4 + sin 4 + sin 4 =
16 16 16 16 2
Q.5 Calculate without using trigonometric tables :
2 cos 40 cos20
(a) cosec 10 3 sec 10 (b) 4 cos 20 3 cot 20 (c)
sin 20
sec5 cos40 3 5 7
(d) 2 2 sin10 + 2sin35 (e) cos6 + cos6 + cos6 + cos6
2 sin5 16 16 16 16
(f) tan 10 tan 50 + tan 70
7 3 7 3
Q.6(a) If X = sin + + sin + sin + , Y = cos + + cos + cos +
12 12 12 12 12 12
 14 of 19 TRIGONO METRIC RATIO & IDENTITY
X Y
then prove that = 2 tan2.
Y X
(b) Prove that sin12 + sin 21 + sin 39 + sin 48 = 1+ sin 9 + sin 18 .
Q.7 Show that : (a) cot 7
1
2
1
or tan 82 = 3 + 2
2
( )( )
2 +1 or 2 + 3+ 4 + 6
1
(b) tan 142 = 2 + 2 3 6 .
2
m+n
Q.8 If m tan ( - 30) = n tan ( + 120), show that cos 2 = .
2(mn )
y x sin y 3 + sin 2 x
Q.9 If tan + = tan3 + , prove that = .
4 2 4 2 sin x 1 + 3 sin 2 x
4 5
Q.10 If cos ( + ) = ; sin ( - ) = & , lie between 0 & , then find the value of tan 2.
5 13 4
tan
sin 1+ tan 1tan tan
= ( m > n ) then
n
Q.11 Prove that if the angles & satisfy the relation = .
sin(2+ ) m m+ n mn
Q.12 (a) If y = 10 cosx 6 sin x cos x + 2 sinx , then find the greatest & least value of y .
(b) If y = 1 + 2 sin x + 3 cos2 x , find the maximum & minimum values of y x R .

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(c) If y = 9 sec2x + 16 cosec2x, find the minimum value of y x R.

(d) Prove that 3 cos + + 5 cos + 3 lies from - 4 & 10 .
3

( )
(e) Prove that 2 3 + 4 sin + 4 cos lies between 2 2+ 5 & 2 2+ 5 . ( ) ( )
tan A
Q.13 If A + B + C = , prove that = (tan A) 2 (cot A).
tan B.tan C
Q.14 If + = c where , > 0 each lying between 0 and /2 and c is a constant, find the maximum or
minimum value of

TEKO CLASSES, H.O.D. MATHS : SUHAG R. KARIYA (S. R. K. Sir) PH: 0 903 903 7779,
(a) sin + sin (b) sin sin
(c) tan + tan (d) cosec + cosec
Q.15 Let A1 , A2 , ...... , An be the vertices of an n-sided regular polygon such that ;
1 1 1
= + . Find the value of n.
A1 A 2 A1 A 3 A1 A 4
Q.16 Prove that : cosec + cosec 2 + cosec 22 + ...... + cosec 2 n 1 = cot (/2) cot 2 n - 1
Q.17 For all values of , , prove that;
+ + +
cos + cos + cos + cos ( + + ) = 4 cos .cos . cos .
2 2 2
1 + sin A cos B 2 sin A 2 sin B
Q.18 Show that + = .
cos A 1 sin B sin(A B) + cos A cos B
tan + tan sin 2 + sin 2
Q.19 If tan = , prove that sin 2 = .
1 + tan . tan 1 + sin 2 . sin 2
Q.20 If + = , prove that cos + cos + cos = 1 + 2 cos cos cos .
(1 tan 2 )(1 tan 2 )(1 tan 2 ) sin + sin + sin 1
(1 + tan 2 ) (1 + tan 2 )(1 + tan 2 )
Q.21 If + + = , show that = .
2 cos + cos + cos
Q.22 If A + B + C = and cot = cot A + cot B + cot C, show that ,
sin (A ) . sin (B ) . sin (C ) = sin3 .
3 5 17
Q.23 If P = cos + cos + cos + ......... + cos and
19 19 19 19
2 4 6 20
Q = cos + cos + cos + ......... + cos , then find P Q.
21 21 21 21
Q.24 If A, B, C denote the angles of a triangle ABC then prove that the triangle is right angled if and only if
sin4A + sin4B + sin4C = 0.
Q.25 Given that (1 + tan 1)(1 + tan 2)......(1 + tan 45) = 2n, find n.
EXERCISEII
Q.1 If tan = p/q where = 6, being an acute angle, prove that;
1
(p cosec 2 q sec 2 ) = p 2 +q 2 .
2
Q.2 Let A1 , A2 , A3 ............ An are the vertices of a regular n sided polygon inscribed in a circle of radius R.
If (A1 A2)2 + (A1 A3)2 + ......... + (A1 An)2 = 14 R2 , find the number of sides in the polygon.
 cos 3 + cos 3

15 of 19 TRIGONO METRIC RATIO & IDENTITY

Q.3 Prove that: = (cos + cos) cos( + ) (sin + sin) sin( + )
2 cos( ) 1
Q.4 Without using the surd value for sin 180 or cos 360 , prove that 4 sin 360 cos 180 = 5
sin x sin3x sin9x 1
Q.5 Show that , + + = (tan27x tanx)
cos3x cos9x cos27x 2
5
r 5
r
Q.6 Let x1 = cos 11
and x2 = cos
11
, then show that
r =1 r =1
1
x1 x2 = cos ec 1 , where denotes the continued product.
64 22
2
Q.7 If = , prove that tan . tan 2 + tan 2 . tan 4 + tan 4 . tan = 7.
7
cosx
Q.8 For 0 < x < prove that , > 8.
4 sin x(cosx sinx )
2

2 7 2 3 7
Q.9 (a) If = prove that, sin + sin 2 + sin 4 = (b) sin . sin . sin =
7 2 7 7 7 8

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88
1 cos k
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Q.10 Let k = 1, then prove that =

n = 0 cos nk cos( n + 1) k sin 2 k
3
Q.11 Prove that the value of cos A + cos B + cos C lies between 1 & where A + B + C = .
2
Q.12 If cosA = tanB, cosB = tanC and cosC = tanA , then prove that sinA = sinB = sinC = 2 sin18.
3 + cos x
Q.13 Show that x R can not have any value between 2 2 and 2 2 . What inference
sin x
sin x
can you draw about the values of ?
3 + cos x

TEKO CLASSES, H.O.D. MATHS : SUHAG R. KARIYA (S. R. K. Sir) PH: 0 903 903 7779,
5
Q.14 If (1 + sin t)(1 + cos t) = . Find the value of (1 sin t)(1 cos t).
4
sin 4 cos 4 1 sin 8 cos8 1
+ = + =
b3 (a + b )3
Q.15 Prove that from the equality follows the relation ; .
a b a +b a3
Q.16 Prove that the triangle ABC is equilateral iff , cot A + cot B + cot C = 3 .
Q.17 Prove that the average of the numbers n sin n, n = 2, 4, 6, ......., 180, is cot 1.
Q.18 ( ) (
Prove that : 4 sin 27 = 5+ 5 1 / 2 3 5 1 / 2 . )
A B C
Q.19 If A+B+C = ; prove that tan2 + tan2 + tan2 1.
2 2 2
A B C 1
Q.20 If A+B+C = (A , B , C > 0) , prove that sin . sin . sin .
2 2 2 8
Q.21 Show that elliminating x & y from the equations , sin x + sin y = a ;
8ab
cos x + cos y = b & tan x + tan y = c gives 2 2 2
( )
a +b 4a 2
= c.

Q.22 Determine the smallest positive value of x (in degrees) for which
tan(x + 100) = tan(x + 50) tan x tan (x 50).
x
n tan n
Q.23 Evaluate : 2
n =1 2 n 1 cos
x
n 1
2
+ + +
Q.24 If + + = & tan tan tan = 1, then prove that;
4 4 4
1 + cos + cos + cos = 0.
Q.25 x R, find the range of the function, f (x) = cos x (sin x + sin 2 x + sin 2 ) ; [0, ]
EXERCISEIII
4xy
Q.1 sec2 = is true if and only if : [JEE 96, 1]
( x + y) 2
(A) x + y 0 (B) x = y , x 0 (C) x = y (D) x 0 , y 0
n
Q.2 (a) Let n be an odd integer. If sin n = br sinr , for every value of , then :
r=0
(A) b0 = 1, b1 = 3 (B) b0 = 0, b1 = n
 (C) b0 = 1, b1 = n (D) b0 = 0, b1 = n2 3n + 3

16 of 19 TRIGONO METRIC RATIO & IDENTITY

(b) Let A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 be a regular hexagon inscribed in a circle of unit radius .
Then the product of the lengths of the line segments A0 A1, A0 A2 & A0 A4 is :
3 3 3
(A) (B) 3 3 (C) 3 (D)
4 2
(c) Which of the following number(s) is/are rational ? [ JEE '98, 2 + 2 + 2 = 6 out of 200 ]
(A) sin 15 (B) cos 15 (C) sin 15 cos 15 (D) sin 15 cos 75

Q.3 For a positive integer n, let fn () = tan (1+ sec ) (1+ sec 2) (1+ sec 4) .... (1 + sec2n) Then
2

(A) f2 = 1 (B) f3 = 1 (C) f4 = 1 (D) f5 =1 [JEE '99,3]
16 32 64 128
Q.4(a) Let f () = sin (sin + sin 3 ) . Then f () : [ JEE 2000 Screening. 1 out of 35 ]
(A) 0 only when 0 (B) 0 for all real
(C) 0 for all real (D) 0 only when 0 .
A B C A B C
(b) In any triangle ABC, prove that, cot + cot + cot = cot cot cot . [JEE 2000]
2 2 2 2 2 2
Q.5(a) Find the maximum and minimum values of 27cos 2x 81sin 2x.

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(b) Find the smallest positive values of x & y satisfying, x y = , cot x + cot y = 2. [REE 2000, 3]
4

Q.6 If + = and + = then tan equals [ JEE 2001 (Screening), 1 out of 35 ]
2
(A) 2(tan + tan) (B) tan + tan (C) tan + 2tan (D) 2tan + tan
1 1
Q.7 If and are acute angles satisfying sin = , cos = , then + [JEE 2004 (Screening)]
2 3
2 2 5 5
(A) , (B) , (C) , (D) ,
3 2 2 3 3 6 6
Q.8 In an equilateral triangle, 3 coins of radii 1 unit each are kept so that they

TEKO CLASSES, H.O.D. MATHS : SUHAG R. KARIYA (S. R. K. Sir) PH: 0 903 903 7779,
touch each other and also the sides of the triangle. Area of the triangle is
(A) 4 + 2 3 (B) 6 + 4 3
7 3 7 3
(C) 12 + (D) 3 +
4 4
[JEE 2005 (Screening)]

Q.9 Let 0, and t1 = (tan)tan, t2 = (tan)cot, t3 = (cot)tan , t4 = (cot)cot, then
4
(A) t1 > t2 > t3 > t4 (B) t4 > t3 > t1 > t2 (C) t3 > t1 > t2 > t4 (D) t2 > t3 > t1 > t4
[JEE 2006, 3]
ANSWER SHEET (EXERCISEI)
5 56
Q 5. (a) 4 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) 4 (e) (f) 3 Q 10.
4 33
13
Q 12. (a) ymax = 11 ; ymin = 1 (b) ymax = ; ymin = 1, (c) 49
2
3
Q14. (a) max = 2 sin (c/2), (b) max. = sin (c/2), (c) min = 2 tan (c/2), (d) min = 2 cosec (c/2)
Q 15. n = 7 Q23. 1 Q.25 n = 23
EXERCISE II
1 1 13
Q.2 n=7 Q.13 2 2 , 2 2 Q.14 10 Q.22 x = 30
4
2 1
Q 23. Q.25 1 + sin 2 y 1 + sin 2
sin 2x 2 n 1 sin x
2n 1
EXERCISEIII
Q.1 B Q.2 (a) B, (b) C, (c) C Q.3 A, B, C, D Q.4 (a) C
5
Q.5 (a) max. = 35 & min. = 35 ; (b) x = ;y= Q.6 C Q.7 B
12 6
Q.8 B Q.9 B
 EXERCISEIV (Objective)

17 of 19 TRIGONO METRIC RATIO & IDENTITY

Part : (A) Only one correct option
( )
tan x 2 .cos (32 + x ) sin3 (72 x )
cos(x 2 ).tan (32 + x )
1 . when simplified reduces to:

(A) sin x cos x (B) sin2 x (C) sin x cos x (D) sin2x
4 3 6
The expression 3 sin 2 + sin (3 + ) 2 sin 2 + + sin (5 + ) is equal to
4 6
2.

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 3 (D) sin 4 + sin 6
3. If tan A & tan B are the roots of the quadratic equation x 2 ax + b = 0, then the value of sin2 (A + B).
a2 a2 a2 a2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
a 2 +(1b)2 a 2 +b 2 (b+c )2 b 2 (1a)2
4. The value of log2 [cos ( + ) + cos ( ) cos 2. cos 2] :
2 2

(A) depends on & both (B) depends on but not on

(C) depends on but not on (D) independent of both & .
cos20+8sin70sin50sin10
5. is equal to:
sin 2 80

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(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3/4 (D) none

6. If cos A = 3/4, then the value of 16cos2 (A/2) 32 sin (A/2) sin (5A/2) is
(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 3 (D) 4
7. If y = cos2 (45 + x) + (sin x cos x)2 then the maximum & minimum values of y are:
(A) 2 & 0 (B) 3 & 0 (C) 3 & 1 (D) none
3 5 17
8. The value of cos + cos + cos +...... + cos is equal to:
19 19 19 19
(A) 1/2 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) none
9. The greatest and least value of log 2
(sin x cos x + 3 2 ) are respectively:
(A) 2 & 1 (B) 5 & 3 (C) 7 & 5 (D) 9 & 7

TEKO CLASSES, H.O.D. MATHS : SUHAG R. KARIYA (S. R. K. Sir) PH: 0 903 903 7779,
10. In a right angled triangle the hypotenuse is 2 2 times the perpendicular drawn from the opposite
vertex. Then the other acute angles of the triangle are
3 3
(A) & (B) & (C) & (D) &
3 6 8 8 4 4 5 10
1 1
11. cos290 + 3 sin250 =
2 3 4 3
(A) (B) (C) 3 (D) none
3 3
3 1
12. If < < , then 2 cot + is equal to
4 sin 2
(A) 1 + cot (B) 1 cot (C) 1 cot (D) 1 + cot
3 x
13. If x , then 4 cos2 + 4 sin 4 x + sin 2 2x is always equal to
2 4 2
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D) none of these
14. If 2 cos x + sin x = 1, then value of 7 cos x + 6 sin x is equal to
(A) 2 or 6 (B) 1 or 3 (C) 2 or 3 (D) none of these
11
15. If cosec A + cot A = , then tan A is
2
21 15 44 117
(A) (B) (C) (D)
22 16 117 43
1
16. If cot + tan = m and cos = n, then
cos
2 1/3 2 1/3
(A) m (mn ) n(nm ) = 1 (B) m(m 2n)1/3 n(nm 2)1/3 = 1
(C) n(mn2)1/3 m(nm 2)1/3 = 1 (D) n(m 2n)1/3 m(mn2)1/3 = 1
cos 6 x + 6 cos 4 x + 15 cos 2x + 10
17. The expression is equal to
cos 5 x + 5 cos 3 x + 10 cos x
(A) cos 2x (B) 2 cos x (C) cos2 x (D) 1 + cos x
sin A 3 cos A 5
18. If = and = , 0 < A, B < /2, then tan A + tan B is equal to
sin B 2 cos B 2
(A) 3/ 5 (B) 5/ 3 (C) 1 (D) ( 5 + 3 ) / 5
tan 3
cot
3
19. If sin 2 = k, then the value of + is equal to
1 + tan 2
1 + cot 2
1 k 2 2 k2
(A) (B) (C) k2 + 1 (D) 2 k2
k k
 18 of 19 TRIGONO METRIC RATIO & IDENTITY
Part : (B) May have more than one options correct
20. Which of the following is correct ?
(A) sin 1 > sin 1 (B) sin 1 < sin 1 (C) cos 1 > cos 1 (D) cos 1 < cos 1
21. If 3 sin = sin (2 + ), then tan ( + ) 2 tan is
(A) independent of (B) independent of
(C) dependent of both and (D) independent of but dependent of
3 sin( + ) 2 cos ( + )
4 cos 6
22. It is known that sin = & 0 < < then the value of is:
5 sin
5
(A) independent of for all in (0, ) (B) for tan > 0
3
3 (7 + 24 cot )
(C) for tan < 0 (D) none
15
23. If the sides of a right angled triangle are {cos2 + cos2 + 2cos( + )} and
{sin2 + sin2 + 2sin( + )}, then the length of the hypotenuse is:
+
(A) 2[1+cos( )] (B) 2[1 cos( + )] (C) 4 cos2 (D) 4sin2
2 2
24. If x = sec tan & y = cosec + cot then:
y +1 1+ x y 1

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(D) xy + x y + 1 = 0
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(A) x = (B) y = (C) x =

y 1 1 x y +1
25. (a + 2) sin + (2a 1) cos = (2a + 1) if tan =
3 4 2a 2a
(A) (B) (C) 2 (D) 2
4 3 a +1 a 1
2b
26. If tan x = , (a c)
ac
y = a cos2x + 2b sin x cos x + c sin2x
z = a sin2x 2b sin x cos x + c cos2x, then
(A) y = z (B) y + z = a + c (C) y z = a c (D) y z = (a c)2 + 4b2
n n
cos A + cos B sin A + sin B

TEKO CLASSES, H.O.D. MATHS : SUHAG R. KARIYA (S. R. K. Sir) PH: 0 903 903 7779,
27. +
sin A sin B cos A cos B
A B A B
(A) 2 tann (B) 2 cot n : n is even (C) 0 : n is odd (D) none
2 2
6 6 2
28. The equation sin x + cos x = a has real solution if
1 1 1 1
(A) a (1, 1) (B) a 1, (C) a (D) a , 1
2 2 2 2

EXERCISEIV (Subjective)
1. The minute hand of a watch is 1.5 cm long. How far does its tip move in 50 minutes?
(Use = 3.14).
2. If the arcs of the same length in two circles subtend angles 75 and 120 at the centre, find the ratio of
their radii.
3. Sketch the following graphs :
x
(i) y = 3 sin 2x (ii) y = 2 tan x (iii) y = sin
2
3 3
4. Prove that cos + cos (2 + ) cot + cot (2 + ) = 1.
2 2
9 5
5. Prove that cos 2 cos cos 3 cos = sin 5 sin .
2 2 2
3 3 x x
6. If tan x = , < x < , find the value of sin and cos .
4 2 2 2

1 cot
2

4 + cos cot 4 9
7. prove that sec = cosec 4.

1 + cot 2 2 2

4
8. Prove that, sin 3 x. sin x + cos 3 x. cos3 x = cos3 2 x.
3

p 1
9. If tan = where = 6 , being an acute angle, prove that; (p cosec 2 q sec 2 ) = p 2 + q2 .
q 2
tan + tan sin 2 + sin 2
10. If tan = , prove that sin 2 = .
1 + tan . tan 1 + sin 2. sin 2

11. Show that: (i) cot 7

1
2
or tan 82
1
2
= ( 3 + 2 )( 2 +1) or 2+ 3+ 4+ 6

(ii) tan 142

1
2
= 2 + 2 3 6 . (iii) (
4 sin 27 = 5 + 5 ) (3 5 )
1/ 2 1/ 2
 Prove that, tan + 2 tan 2 + 4 tan 4 + 8 cot 8 = cot .

19 of 19 TRIGONO METRIC RATIO & IDENTITY

12.
3
13. If cos ( ) + cos ( ) + cos ( ) = , prove that
2
cos + cos + cos = 0, sin + sin + sin = 0.
sin 4 cos 4 1 sin8 cos8 1
14. Prove that from the equality + = follows the relation + =
a b a+b a 3
b 3
(a + b)3
15. Prove that: cosec + cosec 2 + cosec 22 +... + cosec 2 n 1 = cot (/2) cot 2n 1 . Hence or
4 8 16 32
otherwise prov e that cosec + cosec + cosec + cosec =0
15 15 15 15
1 1 1
16. Let A 1, A 2,......, A n be the vertices of an nsided regular polygon such that; A A = A A + A A .
1 2 1 3 1 4
Find the value of n.
17. If A + B + C = , then prove that
A B C A B C 1
(i) tan + tan + tan 1 (ii) sin . sin . sin .
2 2 2 2 2 2 8
3
(iii) cos A + cos B + cos C
2
ax sin by cos

98930 58881 , BHOPAL

ax by
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18. If + = a 2 b 2, = 0. Show that (ax)2/3 + (by)2/3 = (a2 b2)2/3

cos sin cos
2
sin2
19. If P n = cosn + sinn and Q n = cosn sinn , then show that
P n P n 2 = sin2 cos2 P n 4
Q n Q n 2 = sin2 cos2 Q n 4 and hence show that
P 4 = 1 2 sin2 cos2 , Q 4 = cos2 sin2
20. If sin ( + ) = a & sin ( + ) = b (0 < , , < /2) then find the value of
cos2 ( ) 4 ab cos( )
21. If A + B + C = , prov e that
tan B tan C + tan C tan A + tan A tan B = 1 + sec A. sec B. sec C.
22. If tan2 + 2tan. tan2 = tan2 + 2tan. tan2, then prove that each side is equal to 1 or
tan = tan .

TEKO CLASSES, H.O.D. MATHS : SUHAG R. KARIYA (S. R. K. Sir) PH: 0 903 903 7779,
EXERCISEIV EXERCISEV
1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. B
1. 7.85 cm 2. r1 : r2 = 8 : 5
8. A 9. B 10. B 11. B 12. B 13. B 14. A
x 3 x 1
15. C 16. A 17. B 18. D 19. B 20. BC 6. sin = and cos =
2 10 2 10
21. AB 22. BC 23. AC 24. BCD 25. BD 26. BC
16. n = 7 20. 1 2a2 2b2
27. BC 28. BD