Ci gg q

quan trng
g vi
SMT..?
Prepare : Nguyen Duy Phuong
Service engineer

Mass Tradingg Vietnam Co.,Ltd

,
6F,LTA Business Center,15 Dong Da St
Ward 2,Tan Binh Dist,HCM City,Vn
Tel : +84 8 3848 7585 Fax : +84 8 3848 7586
 Agenda
1. Qu trnh sn xut SMT
-Cc cng on trong lnh vc SMT
-Cc nh ngha PCB,linh kin,kem hn l g ?

2. Nhngg yyu t qquan trng

g khi chn
kem hn
-Pitch nh nht
-Loi my Mounter
-Thng s cho my Printer
-iu
iu kin mi trng
-Chn Profile
3. Th no l SMT tt ?
-Thit
Thit k Pad tt
-Thit k khun in
-Dn linh kin chnh xc
-Thng s ci t cho my Printer
-Profile setting cng rt quan trng
4. Thng tin thm v my SMT
-Printer
-Mounter
-Reflow
-Inspection
1.Qu Trnh Sn
Xut
SMT
 SMT l g?
SMTl
SMT ( Surface Mounting Technology) : L
phng php kt ni
chn ca cc linh kin
in t c dn trn b mt ca bn mch.
 V tr ca SMT trong
lnh vc in t

Lp rp
Vt liu SMT Sn
Phm

bng tay
Cc cng on trong sn xut
SMT
1. Trng hp c linh kin xuyn l v linh kin
SMT trn hai mt khc nhau
2. Trng hp c linh kin xuyn l v linh kin
SMT trn cng mt mt

3. Trng hp khng c linh kin xuyn l

 1. Trng hp c linh kin xuyn l v linh kin
SMT trn hai mt khc nhau

Cm linh kin xuyn l Chm keo Dn linh kin SMT

Cng on lp rp Dn nhng linh kin

Qua l xi thic
Q
b tay
bng t bit
c

Ra bo mch ( Option) Kim tra chc nng

sn phm
2. Trng hp c linh kin xuyn l v linh kin
SMT trn cng mt mt

Dn nhng linh kin

Qut kem hn Dn linh kin SMT
c bit

Qua l xi thic C linh

Cm li h kin
ki xuyn
l Reflow

Cng on lp rp Kim tra chc nngg

Ra bo mch ( Option)
bng tay sn phm
3 Trng
3. T hp
h khng
kh c linh
li h kin
ki xuyn
l

Qut kem hn ln bo Dn nhng linh kin

Dn linh kin SMT
mch c bit

Kim tra chc nng

Ra bo mch ( Option) Qua l hn Reflow
sn phm
 Nhng vt liu cn thit cho sn xut SMT

PCB
Linh kin
Kem hn
 PCB l g
g?
PCB l vit tt ca Print Circuit Board
PCB l mt dng bn mch c i dy sn bn
*PCB
trong
Vt liu lm PCB :Ceramic
*Vt :Ceramic,Flex
Flex PCB,
PCB Glass,
Glass plastic
plastic,
paper pannel epoxy,
*Kch
Kch c ca PCB : M,L,XL
* Hin nay, PCB cng ngy cng c xu hng nh dn
nhngg built-in nhiu chc nngg vi nhiu lp,
p, 2 mt
,,..

Ceramic Flex Glass

 Li h kin
Linh ki
C 2 loi linh kin chnh :

* Linh kin xuyn l ( Through-hole)

* Linh kin SMT

 Linh kin xuyn l:(Linh kin AI)

-T in :
( Capacitor)

i tr
in :
( Resister)

-i-t
i t :
LED
LED::

Transitor :

IC:
IC
 Linh kin dn b mt ( SMT component)

-T,tr :

-i-t :

-Transitor
T it :
-BGA(
BGA( Ball Grid Array )

-SOP ( Small Out-line Package )

-QFP
QFP ( Q
Quad
d Fl
Flatt P
Package
k )
 Kch thc ca linh kin SMT

0402mm=01005inch
0402 mm = 01005 inch V d : 1005 mm
( 0402 inch)
0603mm=0201inch 1 mm ( 0.4 inch )
1005mm=0402inch
00 0 02 i h
1608mm=0603inch
2125mm=0805inch 0.5mm
( 0.2 inch)
3216 mm =1206inch
3216mm 1206 inch
>46mmPLCC
 Kem hn
nh ngha : Kem hn l mt dng hn hp ca thic ( Sn) v
ch ( Pb) v mt s cht khc c tc dng lin kt gia PCB
v linh kin
Trc y,y thnh pphn kem hn bao ggm :
63% Sn + 37% Pb
Hin nay, thnh phn ca kem hn khng c cha Pb:
95.6% Sn + 3% Ag + 0.5% Cu
Hin nay, kem hn c s dng ch yu di dng kem
 2. Nhng yu t chnh cn
quan tm
khi chn
h loi
l i kem
k
hn
Pitch nh
nht
h Loi my
Mounter

Chn
h Profile
il
iu kin
mi trng
 Pitch nh nht
QFP
0.5 mm Pitch 0.4 mm Pitch
Pitch
Standard Rt phc tp
CSP
0 6 mm Pitch
0.6 0.5
0 5-0
0.4
4 mm Pitch

S d d
Standard R phc
Rt h tp
 Fine pitch solder paste
Fi pitch
Fine i h solder
ld paste Standard solder paste

-Kem hn Fine ppitch kch -Kem hn bnh thng kch

thc ca ht 2-25 micromet thc ca ht > 25 micromet
-Hnh dng ca ht phi trn -Hnh dng
g ca ht
c th bt
v u
k
Loi
my
y Mounter
Bn XY Move
Head Fix

(My Fuji CP6,

Panasonic Universal )
Panasonic,Universal,..)

Y cu
Yu v kt
k dnh
d h cao

Nu kem hn khng tt
Linh kin c th Missing hoc
Shifting
 iu kin mi trng
1. iu ha nhit cho my Printer qu cao

Kem hn dnh trn

Kem hn b kh chi qut ( Squeeze)

31C
 2
2. m
mi
i trng

m qu thp ( <30%) hoc qu cao ( >80%)

*Kem hn b kh
*Linh kin b mt do kt dnh khng tt
*Kem hn dnh trn Squeeze
 Chn Profile

Profile 1 ,Profile 2 v Profile 3 c cng nhit cao

nht ( Peak),
Peak) nhng cc setting khc nhau nn to ra
cc ng Profile khc nhau
Pitch nh Loi
my
y
nht
Mounter

iu kin
Chn Profile
mi trng
g

Chn c loi kem hn

ph hp
 Xu hng
g ca SMT trongg tngg lai
*Xu hng ca SMT ngy nay l PCB nh hn
nhng vi
i mt linh kin nhiu
nhi hn,
hn gn
nhau hn
* h thin
*Thn hi vii mii trng.
Theo chun RoHs, t nm 2006, khng c
php s dng 6 cht c hi trong sn xut v
kinh doanh, bao gm :
Pb, Halogen,Cd,Hg,Cr6+,PBB,PBDB
3 Th no l SMT tt ?
3.Th
 Thit k PAD
tt
Thit k
Hn
ch ngn
g mch
v Missingg linh kin
khun in

Thng s ci Hn ch ngn mch v Missing linh kin

t cho
myPrinter Dn linh kin
Rt quan trng, quyt nh n 80% cht
Cn chnh xc cao c bit l vi kem
lng sn phm
hn khng ch

Profile setting
ph hp
m bo cht lng mi hn v bo v
linh kin
1.Thit
k Pad tt

Vi Q
QFP 0.4 mm Pitch ?
Rt nhiu li ngn
mch

Kh in
Khun i

Thit k khng tt, kem hn b trn

Vi Q
QFP 0.4 mm Pitch ?
Kt qu tt hn!

Khun in

Thit k tt, kem hn khng b trn

Vi Q
QFP 0.4 mm Pitch ?
Kt qu tt nht!

Thit k tt, kem hn khng b trn

2 Thit k khun in
2.Thit
Mt vi quy tc khi thit k khun in
Theo chun trong cng ngip : Rd > = 0.6
Din tch ca Pad
T l Rd
( dy
d ca
khun
kh in)
i ) X (Ch
(Chu vii ca
Pad)
P d)

K
Kem h
hn Kh in
Khun i

PCB Pad
 V d

Rd = 0 51
Rd=0.51
 Quy
Q y tc chungg

Lun lun
 V d

Chip

QFP 0.5mm
Pitch
80-90 %

Kh gim
Khng i
 Mt
vi hnh nh v d

Kem hn c Pb c chc
nng self-alignment, nn
c kh nng t ko v v
tr trong trng hp b
in lch

Trc Reflow Sau Reflow

 Mt s dng khc

Pad
Khng ph
hp i vi
kem hn
khng ch
3 Th s ci
3.Thng i t cho
h Printer
P i t
 Nhng thng s quan trng cho my Printer

Cch cp kem hn cho my Printer

Kh cch
Khong h gia
i khun
kh in i v PCB khi in
i ( Snap-off)
S ff)
Lng kem hn trn khun in
Tc ca chi q
qut ( Printing
g speed)
p )
Tc h bn sau khi in xong ( Release speed)
p lc ca chi qut ln khun in ( Pressure)
G ca
Gc chi
hi qut
t so vi
i khun
kh ini ( Printing
P i ti Angle)
A l )
Thng s ci t cho giy lau ( Cleaning parameter)
Thng s ci t cho iu ha nhit
Rolling
Off-set
Cch cp kem hn
cho my Printer

Cp kem hn
cch v tr c
linh kin khoang
5 cm
 Snap-off=0
p
Chi qut

Hng chi qut

Kem hn

Khun-in
PCB

Sau khi h bn in
Good
Snap-off
p khc 0
Khun in

No Good
Kem hn b dnh

Kem hn
 Lng kem hn trn khun in

Kem hn ,khng cn cho thm

t kem hn,cn cho thm
 Tc in
Tc in ty thuc vo mi Model

Good
 Tc h bn sau
khi in
Mc tiu l kem hn khng c tai
( No Dogg Ear))

Tc h bn khng tt Tc
h bn tt

 BGA

Tc h bn khng tt Tc h bn tt
 Vi Chip

Tc h bn khng tt Tc h bn tt
 p lc ca chi
qut

1. p lc cng ln Kem hn cng t

2. p lc cng nh Kem hn cng nhiu

p lc tt,kem hn khng
st li trn mt khun in
No Good
p lc chi qut qu cao
Chi qut

Kem hn

Khun in

PCB
 Rolling

Good NG
 Nhit ci t cho
my Printer
Nhit cho my iu
ha cho hu
ht
cc loi kem
hn khong 24-25 C
Mt v d
d khi t nhit
31 C

Kem hn
kh kh c
kh,khng
dnh
 Mt
v d khii t nhit
i
24 C 24 C

Kem hn rt
mn v u
 Off sett

In lch Well-Central
( Miss-alignment)
 V kt
qu

Khng tt Good
 c cht lng
g in tt

11. knh
k h hin
hi vii cnh
h my
Printer
Pi
2. D dng kim tra cht lng v off-set
4.V sao cn dn linh kin
chnh xc ..?
 Ta cho my Mounter
x2 B(x2,y2)

A(x1,y1)
x1

y2
y1

0(0,0)
 V d

B(x2,y2)

A(x1,y1)

0(0,0)
Dn linh kin cn chnh xc

QFP

Chip
Chi
Vi nhng linh kin to v nng, khng
c kh nng t co v
Dn linh kin chnh xc l rt quan trng
Dn linh kin qu mnh cng khng tt..!

Solder paste balling !

Ht linh kin cn chnh xc ( Pick up )

u ht

Cun
linh kin

Linh kin Package

g

NG OK
OK NG
5.Th cn Profile ....?
im nng chy ca mt s loi kem hn

i nng
im chy
h
Ni dyy khi o Profile?

Nng nht : Chip

Thp nht : PLCC

Trung bnh : BGA ,QFP

Gii hn: plastic

Connector
Ch khi ni dy
+

 Loi Reflow no ph hp
vi
i Lead
L d FFree?
?

Nhit nh ( Peak ) < 240 C

C-245
245 C
Thi gian trn nhit nng chy > 45 s
 10 Zone

T 40 C n 220 C : Khong 3 pht

T 170 C n 220 C : Khong 45 s
T 130 C n 220 C : Khong 1 pht 40 s
Thi gian trn nhit nng chy t 63 s n 65 s
 7 Zone

T 40 C n 220 C : Khong 2 pht 40 s

T 170 C n 220 C : Khong 40 s
T 130 C n 220 C : Khong 1 pht 30 s
Thi gian trn nhit nng chy khong 45 s
 4 Zone

T 40 C n 220 C : Khong 2 pht 45 s

T 170 C n 220 C : Khong 30 s
T 130 C n 220 C : Khong 1 pht 10 s
Thi gian trn nhit nng chy khong 92 s
 Fillet
Linh kin

Fillet
Th no l Filler tt ?
1. ng cong fillet

2. B mt phi bng v nhn

3 Lng
3. L k hn
kem h va

PCB
4. B mt fillet khng c Crack,khng c l
 Kt lun
Reflow 4 zone hay 10 zone khng c vn
g

iu quan trng l chn setting ph hp vi

mi loi sn phm

C
Cc setting
i cn
quan tm
n
c
im
i ca

PCB va tc bng truyn
Dng c o Profile
Cooling zone vi
Lead Free?
 Qu trnh chuyn t
th lng
l sang th rn

V nt
Vt

S gim th tch
Vt nt
Vt nt khng c chm vo
chn linh kin hoc ng bao
 4 Thng tin thm v
4.
SMT!!
Unloader Reflow Mounter Printer Loader

Inspection ( Option )
 Printer : Qut kem hn ln bo mch
Mounter : Dn linh kin ln bo mch sau khi
c qut kem hn
Reflow : lm nng chy kem hn, kt ni
linh kin v bo mch
Inspection : kim tra kem hn v dn linh
ki c
kin tt hay
h khng
kh ?
Loader : a bo mch v my Printer
Unloader : Cha bo mch sau khi kt thc qu
trnh SMT.
 Printer
C th in kem hn hoc keo
 Cc bc khi in :
Load PCB
Nhn dng PCB
In
Snap-off
Unloader PCB
Xem video my Printer vi 3S
Xem video my Printer YGP vi Inspection camera
 Yu cu cho my Printer
Cht lng in n nh
Thay model d dng 70 %
Tact
T t time
ti

Nhngg im q
quan trng
g cho myy Printer
p sut,gc in,tc ,rolling,snap-off,cleaning,PCB
support
Khun in : Phng php lm khun in : Laser hay n
mn,
, dy
y ca khun in,kch
, thc ca l.
Kem hn : iu kin khi gi kem hn, loi kem
hn,nhit
, nngg chy,..
y,
Cleaning : Lau kh hay t.
Mounter
Mt
s thut
ng
g cho Mounter

u ht
(Nozzle) Feeder
 Ccc bc khi d
C dn linh kin
:
Load PCB
Claimping PCB
Nhn dng PCB
Ht ,nhn
h dng
d ri
i dn
d linh
li h kin
ki
UnClaimping PCB
Unloader PCB
Xem video my Mounter YG100
Xem video my Mounter YS 12 vi SS feeder
 Nhng im quan trng cho my
Mounter
Mounter : chnh xc khi dn v khi ht linh
kin d dng bo tr,chn
kin,d tr chn u ht ( nozzle),
nozzle) cao khi
ht,tc ,
Nng sut cao
-Tc cao
G01X100Y100D02*

-Hiu qu cao X200Y100D01*

G01X0Y50D02*
G0 0 50 0
G02X50Y100I50J0D01*

Di linh kin c th dn : CAD data PCB data programming

(P-Tool)

0402 0603 1005 1608 2125

0402,0603,1005,1608,2125,..
QFP,PLCC,BGA,SOP
Cch
C h lm
l chng
h t h:
trnh
CAD data convertion. Mounter Mounter Printer
 Reflow
Reflow lm nng chy kem hn lin kt
linh kin v bo mch
 Yu cu cho Reflow

Theta t nh ( nhit trn ton b mt PCB nh nhau )

Tc
qut gi v nhit cc zone ph hp linh kin khng b
lch,khng lm cht linh kin,..
Tiu th in nng t
Kch c my nh gn

Reflow
f quyt
nh
n
20% cht lng ca
sn
phm

 Mt vi c im ca kem hn
Melting
STT Spec point streng xtention
Sn-Pb 183 91.5
Sn-Ag 221 76.2
Sn-Cu
Sn Cu 227 76 7
76.7
Pb Free

Sn-Ag-Cu 217 75.4

Sn-Ag-Bi 219
77.2
Sn-Ag-Cu-Bi 210 78.7
Xem video kem hn nng chy trong l Reflow
Inspection
 Mt
s loi
inspection
p
CCD Chp nh bng CCD
camera kim
tra kem
hn, linh kin sau
mounter v sau reflow
AOI L
Laser S dng
d ti laser
tia l kim
ki
tra

X-ray Kim
tra BGA,LCC sau
reflow

ICT Kim tra kt ni PCB c

Kim tra chc nng tt hay khng ?
 Kim tra kem hn sau Printer
Kim
tra bo mch sau khi in, thng thng l 3D

Kim
ttraa linh kin
sau Mounter
ou te
Missing chip, lch,QFP v BGA, ngc cc,

Kim
Ki tra
t linh
li h kin
ki sau Reflow
R fl
Xem video my inspection VQZ
 Mt
s li NG
Loi NG Picture Nguyn nhn

Missing -Linh kin b ri

-Nozzle khng nh linh kin
-Reflow blower qu mnh

Shifting -Printing
Printing
-Pick up khng tt
-Mount khng chnh xc
-Blower qu mnh

Lt ngc -Pick up khng tt

( Up
U side
id ddown)) -Cp
C linh
li h kin
ki ngc chiu
hi
Loi NG Picture Nguyn nhn

Cu -Qu
Qu nhiu kem hn
( Short) -Mount khng tt
-Reflow setting

Chip ng -Printing lch

( Standing) -Mount lch
-Profile setting

Linh kin b ri -Vacuum

Vacuum thp
-Nozzle khng ph hp
-Pick up khng tt
Loi NG Picture Nguyn nhn

Knh chn linh -Khng

Khng lng kem hn
kin -Mount khng tt
( Floating ) -Chn linh kin b oxy ha hoc cong
- Kem hn cht lng khng tt

Solder ball -Printing khng tt

-Thit
k khun in khng tt

-Cht lng kem hn

Kem hn khng -Kem

Kem hn khng tt
chy -Nhit khng
-Khng kem hn
 My xi thic
PCB Flow

My phun Flux My xi
i thic
hi
Xem video my phun Flux
Xem video my xi thic
Loader/Unloader
Mt s tools cn thit cho SMT
Dng
g c
cn cho sa cha
Dng
g c
cn cho sa cha
Dng
g c
hn tay
y
 Mt
s dng
g c
cn thit
Lc lng T-vt : Cc c : nh,trung bnh, ln

Km
Km mi di