In kem hn v in keo dn, thng tin k thut

K thut in l bc quan trng cui cng trong chui s dng kem hn cho
ng v to ng hnh dng vt in (vi khun in) theo yu cu ng thi
khng to ra tc ng ph hay pht sinh thm li, khi chng ta mi m
bo c cho chuyn n khu dn, cm linh kin v yn tm cho qua l hn
nhn kt qu mi hn p pha bn kia. k thut in khng h n gin
nh chng ta vn thy bi bn cht kem hn c t l 50% cht lng flux v
50% cht rn bt hn v mt th tch, nn ni ng hn l cc ht bt hn
th l lng trong dung dch flux nn nu lc p qu ln s lm mt ht
kem hn thay i v lng flux t i dn n mi hn xu m khng kim
sot c.

Chng ta s ln lt xt cc nh hng ca cc yu t lin quan n k thut

in ny di cc mc sau:
1. Loi thanh qut (squeegee type)
2. Khe h khun in vi PCB (gap print)
3. Lc p thanh qut (print pressure)
4. Tc in (print speed)
5. Tc tch khun (separation speed)
6. Khc

1. Loi thanh qut

C rt nhiu loi thanh qut chnh qui v cng c rt nhiu loi "nhi"
khng th lit k ht c, trong phn thnh nhm cao su (rubber)
v nhm kim loi (metal)
D l loi g th mc ch cng nh nhau l to ra vt in c lng
kem hn, tuy nhin nhng loi cao su th c im yu l c th b bin
dng trong l khun in nu lc p ln khun qu ln gy ra li thiu
kem hn nh m t trong hnh di y:

Hiu qu ca thanh qut kim loi th rt d thy, nhng tnh hung

dng cc loi khun c bc (step) th li khng th dng thanh qut
kim loi m phi dng loi cao su mi c hiu qu.
Vi loi khun c bc s vit b sung thm khi thun tin. Tc gi ly
thng tin ca thanh qut kim loi c thng hiu din gii cng bn
c xem nh l cc tiu chun tham kho ng dng nhm m
bo cht lng

Cc loi thanh qut c m t trong hnh di y

 Vi cc tham s kt cu c bn tng ng nh sau:

Stock Print-
E-Blade DuraGlide Ultraprint
DEK Perfect
AMTX Transition
Nh ch to DEK Photo Stencil Alpha Metals
(PhotoStencil) Automation
Thp l
Nguyn liu Nickel Thp l xo Thp l xo Thp l xo
xo
Cch to hnh Dp my M in Dp my n mn ha Dp my
Lp bo v Permalex Titanium
None None Nickel plate
chng mn Teflon/nickel Nitride
dy thanh 7.5 mils 10 mils 9.5 mils 12 mils 17 mils
dy u
qut (t 0.1" 7.5 mils 10 mils 10 mils 11.5 mils 17 mils
n mt qut)

2. Khe h khun in vi PCB

iu kin tt nht u tin l khun in s p st mt PCB m khng to ra khe

h, thut ng ting Anh l "on contact" xem hnh

Ngc vi "on contact" l "off contact" s to ra cc li tng ng sau:

3. Lc p ln khun in

Vi lc p ng th kt qu ta c khi kem hn bnh thng (hnh tri)

trong trng hp lc p qu mnh gy ra s dn p cc ht cht hn v chit
flux ra khi hn hp trong khi kem hn lm cho t l tng i ca chng
khng cn nh yu cu k thut dn n khi qua hp nhit to hot ha
flux khng cn nh mong mun
 4. Tc qut (tng ng vi gc vi khun in v lc p ln
khun ca thanh qut kim loi)

Gc hp vi mt phng khun in vi cc yu cu ngh v tc qut nh

sau:

Gc 45o
Stock Print-
E-Blade DuraGlide Ultraprint
DEK Perfect
Maximum speed at
2.00 IPS 1.25 IPS 1.50 IPS 3.75 IPS 1.60 IPS
3lb/in
Maximum speed at
1.25 IPS 1.00 IPS 1.25 IPS 1.75 IPS 1.00 IPS
2lb/in
Minimum pressure at
N/O N/O N/O 5.5 lb/in N/O
6IPS
 Gc 60o
Stock Print-
E-Blade DuraGlide Ultraprint
DEK Perfect
Maximum speed at
4.25 IPS 3.75 IPS 3.25 IPS 6.00 IPS 2.75 IPS
3lb/in
Maximum speed at
3.25 IPS 3.25 IPS 1.30 IPS 4.25 IPS 1.80 IPS
2lb/in
Minimum pressure at
N/O N/O N/O 2.7 lb/in 4.3 lb/in
6IPS

(Vi: 1bl = 0.453 Kg; 1in = 25.4mm; IPS = Inches Per Second)

5. Tc tch khun
Tc tch khun sau khi in c th tc ng n cc bn hng ca khi kem
hn dnh trn pad ng ca PCB nh hnh m t

6. Cc li xy ra v nguyn nhn

a. B no kem hn (scraping) nguyn nhn l do lc p thanh qut qu mc

v mi b to hnh ci xng nn mc kem hn thnh nh trong hnh
 b. Nhiu kem
hn (excess) hn mc cn thit nguyn nhn do lc in khng v thng
thy b mt khun in khng sch

c. Kem hn c hnh "tai ch" (dog ear) nguyn nhn l do tc tch khun
in qu nhanh

d. Nhe , lem
kem hn (smearing)
 e. In thiu
(Insufficient deposit) do

f. Lch khun
in (misalignment)
 g. Thot kem
hn do li b k knh (gasket) do cng ngh HASL b li

h. Vt hn b sp sau khi in (slump)

i. Bi hn
(solder bead)

j. Lc p ln
gy sai t l mt kem hn ng thi gy bn khun in (vi cc vt kim loi
nu ko di thi gian in cc gc)

In keo dn CHIP
Khun in (stencil), thng tin k thut
29/06/2013 10:10 CH (Lt truy cp: 825)
Tc gi : Ralph N.

Khun in (stencil) l b phn to hnh thng qua cc l hng ca n m

li cc vt in kem hn ti nhng im theo yu cu ca thit k dn linh
kin ln.
Khun in cn cn m bo phi cho php lng kem hn ng
cho mt mi hn hon chnh, khng c tha gy li, cc l
phi b tr hp l vi nhau trnh chp mch...
im quan trng na l vt in khng c sp xung hay bin
dng sau khi khun in tch khi PCB nh hnh sau y
Tng hp cc iu kin ta cn tm hiu cc thng tin nh sau c bn
nh sau:

1. iu kin l in (aperture condition)

2. Kch thc l in (aperture size)

3. Hnh dng l in (aperture shape)
4. Khon cch cc l (aperture spacing)
5. dy khun in (thickness)
 6. Bng keo nh v v che chn l in khng mong mun
(tappered)
7. im ly chun (fiducial mark)

1. iu kin l in
iu kin l in thng do cch ch to l in, t khi do qu trnh s
dng gy bin dng do chng lm t thp khng r (steeless) hoc
kim loi 42. C 3 cch ph bin to khun in l n mn ha hc,
ct bng tia laser v m in. Chng ta s ln lt tm hiu tng
phng php bit chng nh hng n vt in nh th no.

n mn ha hc (chemicallty etched)
 Kt qu thc
t
V m t kt qu vi PCB

Ct bng tia
laser (laser cut)
 Kt qu thc
t
V m t kt qu vi PCB

M in (electroform)
 Kt qu thc
t
V m t kt qu vi PCB

2. Kch thc l in
Kch thc l in cng vi dy khun in quyt nh khi lng kem hn s
in trn PCB, v mt l thuyt l khun in c dng ln t v tr v din tch
ca mch ng im hn (pad) nhng thc t nu kch thc l in bng kch
thc pad th d xy ra hin tng lem, tha kem hn dn n chp mch,
mt cng thc tnh ton kch thc ngh l hn nn nh sau y gip
chng ta ti u ha hp l l in cn bn nht:
Thnh thong chng ta gp l khun in l hnh trn c ng knh l D khi
ta cho W = D tnh ton t l

3. Hnh dng l in:

Hnh dng l in thc t rt a dng p ng cc loi linh kin, khng th
lit k ht ra y c, tc gi ch miu t cc l in cn bn c kt hp chng
mt s li nh bi hn, tha thic hn, cc hnh dng cn bn ph bin nh
sau:
4. Khong cch cc l
Khong cch cc l ng bng khong cch bc chn (pitch) ca loi IC
tng ng, bn c tham kho kch thc IC c th bit.

5. dy khun in
dy khun in quyt nh lng kem hn s nh trn PCB bng cch ly
din tch pad nhn vi dy khun in. Vi nhng cng thc rng buc trn
th c th dn n kt qu cha chc l t cc yu cu ca mi hn ch yu
l thiu, mng cht hn, bn cnh vic phi hp cng ngh cm xuyn l
dng kem hn v hn i lu m dy ca khun in ph b cch dng
truyn thng khun in ch c mt dy duy nht.
Cc loi khun in c dy thay i c cc kiu sau y:
a. Dng cho SMT c (xem hnh)
_ Step up (tm dch "Bc ln")
_ Step down ("Bc xung")

b.Dng SMT c cm linh kin xuyn l: (xem hnh)

_ Over print W/O step ("In tha khng c bc")
_ Over print top step ("In tha bc trn")
_ Over print bot step (In tha bc di"
Vi: 35mils > K1 > 70mils v K2 < 25mils
Thng dng cho loi c dy > 20mils, s dng laser ct v
nh bng lt ct li bng in (electropolished)

C mt cch in "bc xung" c ci tin c gi l Two print, c

phi hp vi kt cu kh phc tp nhng rt hay, gii thiu n bn
c nh mt cch tham kho tm hng hiu chnh lng kem
hn khng ch cho linh kin xuyn l m c th p dng cho linh
kin SMT, khi m iu chnh hnh dng l in khng cn hng hiu
chnh (Two print thng dng cho loi khun in yu cu dy t
15 - 30 mils)

6.Bng keo nh v khun in v bng dn che chn l in

khng mong mun
Khun in kem hn c ch to xong phi c gn ln mt khung
kim loi thng l nhm c tiu chun ph hp vi khung my in
(ni trong phn sau) vi phn lin kt thng l mt vt liu dng
bng (tape) c co dn c tnh ton sao cho m bo cng yu
cu, sau thi gian s dng lp (bng) keo ny c th dn n hay
bung ra v c dn li bng bng keo thng lm thay i kt cu
dn n thay i cng (tension) v quan trng nht l lm thay
i dy khun in hay thot kem hn do c khe h....
Cng c ng tc che chn nhng l in khng mong mun bng
bng dn bng cch dn che pha tip xc PCB nhng khng ch
cng dn n b li nhiu kem hn v thot kem hn. Ch cn ch
cc nguyn l cch to khun in trong bi ny cc bn c th dn
che m khng phi lo lng li pht sinh.
Hnh nh m t mt khung in kem hn
7. im ly chun
Pht trin cng ngh my tnh cho php cng ngh x l hnh nh
(c trn my in) so snh v tr ca PCB v khun in ri hiu chnh
ta khun in trc khi t khun in xung trng khp cc v tr
cn li vt in. iu kin lm vic ny l khun in phi c to
im ly chun y nh im trn PCB (xem hnh) ch khc l ch l
vt khng phi l l thng thng thng chng c khc bng tia
laser.
 _ 1mil =
0.001 in = 0.0254mm

Khun in c bit dng in keo dn CHIP