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aplicacin de plaguicidas
Description of the habits of farm-workers when applying pesticides
F. Lpez Crespia, J. Brosa Luengoa, MA. Salvador Milianb, JM. Casanova Sandovalb, C.
Moragues Farresb, PJ. Subas Lorenb
a
Centre de Seguretat i Condicions de Salut en el Treball. Generalitat de Catalunya.
Departament de Treball. Barcelona.
b
rea bsica de salud de Canet de Mar (Barcelona).
Resumen
Objetivo. Conocer los hbitos de los agricultores de nuestro medio cuando aplican estos
productos, detectar prcticas peligrosas, conocer los defectos ms importantes en la
proteccin de los aplicadores y analizar qu variables personales se asocian con el nivel
de autoproteccin.
Conclusiones. En las zonas de salud rurales en las que se practica agricultura intensiva,
la exposicin a plaguicidas es un problema de salud de primer orden, dado lo peligroso
de estas sustancias y la deficiente proteccin de los aplicadores. Las estrategias de
actuacin sobre este campo pasan por la integracin de servicios de salud laboral en los
centros de salud. Las tareas de educacin sanitaria han de coordinarse con las
estructuras agrarias (asociaciones de defensa vegetal, cooperativas, etc.) existentes en la
zona.
Resumen
Objectives. To find the habits of farm-workers when they apply these products, to detect
dangerous practices, to find the most important defects in farm-workers' protection and
to analyse the personal variables associated with the level of self-protection.
Measurements and main results. A questionnaire was designed specifically for the study
and filled out by the doctor or nurse at the centre where the person interviewed was
registered. 72.8% of the farm-workers had inadequate protection. 79.3% said they had
suffered on some occasion symptoms related to pesticide use.
Conclusions. In the rural health areas where there is intensive agriculture, exposure to
pesticides is a major health problem, as these substances are hazardous and people
applying them wear inadequate protection. Action strategies in this field involve
integrating health at work services into health centres. Health education tasks have to be
coordinated with the agricultural organisations in the area, such as associations for the
defense of plants, cooperatives, etc.
Palabras clave
Pesticidas, Agricultura, Efectos sobre la salud, Toxicidad, Riesgos