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7/11/2017 Gold: Gold mineral information and data.

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Gold
This page kindly sponsored by Bruce Ueno
Photos of Gold (3424)

Gold Gold Gold, etc. Gold


Colorado Mine, Colorado, Eagle's Nest Mine, Sage Hill, Round Mountain Mine, Round Mountain, Round Eagle's Nest Mine, Sage Hill, Michigan Bluff District, Placer
Colorado District, Michigan Bluff District, Placer Co., Mountain, Round Mountain District, Toquima Co., California, USA
Whitlock District, Bagby- California, USA Range, Nye Co., Nevada, USA
Mariposa-Mount Bullion-
Whitlock District, Mother
Lode Belt, Mariposa Co.,
California, USA

Gold Gold Gold, etc. Gold


Colorado Mine, Eagle's Nest Mine, Sage Round Mountain Mine, Round Eagle's Nest Mine, Sage Hill, Michigan
Colorado, Hill, Michigan Bluff Mountain, Round Mountain, Bluff District, Placer Co., California, USA
Colorado District, Placer Co., Round Mountain District, Toquima
District, California, USA Range, Nye Co., Nevada, USA
Whitlock
District, Bagby-
Mariposa-Mount
Bullion-Whitlock
District, Mother
Lode Belt,
Mariposa Co.,
California, USA

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Gold
Eagle's Nest Mine, Sage Hill, Michigan Bluff District,
Placer Co., California, USA

Gold
Colorado Mine, Colorado, Colorado District, Whitlock
District, Bagby-Mariposa-Mount Bullion-Whitlock
District, Mother Lode Belt, Mariposa Co., California, USA

Formula: Au

System: Isometric Colour: Rich yellow, paling to ...

Lustre: Metallic Hardness: 2 - 3

Member of: Copper Group

Name: Gold is one of the first minerals used by prehistoric cultures. The Latin name for this mineral was
"aurum" and Jns Jakob Berzelius used Au to represent the element when he established the
current system of chemical symbols. The Old English word "gold" first appeared in written form
about 725 and may further have been derived from "gehl" or "jehl". May be derived from Anglo-
Saxon "gold" = yellow. (Known to alchemists as Sol.)

Copper Group. Gold-Silver Series and Gold-Palladium Series.

A native element and precious metal, Gold has long been prized for its beauty, resistance to chemical attack and workability. As it is found as a
native element, has a relatively low melting point (1063 degrees Celsius) and is malleable, it has been used by mankind for thousands of years.

Gold is used as a standard for international currency and is also widely used in jewelry, electronics (where its superb properties as a conductor help
offset its tremendous cost), dentistry and in photographic processes.

Gold occurs in significant amounts in three main types of deposits: hydrothermal quartz veins and related deposits in metamorphic and igneous
rocks; in volcanic-exhalative sulphide deposits; and in consolidated to unconsolidated placer deposits. It may also occur in contact metamorphic or
hypothermal deposits (eg. Skarns), or epithermal deposits such as volcanic fumaroles. It is most commonly found as disseminated grains in Quartz
veins with Pyrite and other sulphides, or as rounded grains, flakes or nuggets in placer deposits in recent to ancient stream and river deposits. Gold
is often panned from such deposits by taking advantage of its high density to wash away the lighter sediments from a pan or sluice.

Nuggets are almost exclusively hypogene in origin, forming mostly in veins, but can be somewhat modified in form and chemistry by weathering,
erosion, and transport (Hough et al., 2007).

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Classification of Gold
IMA status: Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

Strunz 8th ed.: 1/A.01-40

Nickel-Strunz 1.AA.05
10th (pending)
ed.: 1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
A : Metals and Intermetallic Alloys
A : Copper-cupalite family

Dana 7th ed.: 1.1.1.1

Dana 8th ed.: 1.1.1.1

1 : NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS


1 : Metals, other than the Platinum Group

Hey's CIM Ref.: 1.5

1 : Elements and Alloys (including the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au)

Physical Properties of Gold


Lustre: Metallic

Diaphaneity Opaque
(Transparency):
Colour: Rich yellow, paling to whitish-yellow with increasing silver; blue & green in transmitted light (only thinnest folia [gold leaf])

Streak: Shining yellow

Hardness 2 - 3
(Mohs):
Hardness VHN10=30 - 34 kg/mm2
(Vickers):
Hardness Data: Measured

Tenacity: Malleable

Cleavage: None Observed


None

Fracture: Hackly

Density: 15 - 19.3 g/cm3 (Measured) 19.309 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Comment: Calculated density at 0 C. Depends on silver content (pure gold is 19.3).

Optical Data of Gold


Type: Isotropic

Type: Isotropic

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Reflectivity: 400nm R=24.9%


420nm R=26.5%
440nm R=28.1%
460nm R=31.6%
480nm R=39.0%
500nm R=49.5%
520nm R=57.8%
540nm R=63.4%
580nm R=67.8%
600nm R=71.0%
620nm R=73.8%
640nm R=76.1%
660nm R=78.2%
680nm R=81.9%
700nm R=83.6%

Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 83.6%.

Colour in Yellow to white with increasing silver, reddish with copper


reflected light:
Internal none
Reflections:
Pleochroism: Non-pleochroic

Chemical Properties of Gold


Formula: Au

Elements listed Au - search for minerals with similar chemistry


in formula:
CAS Registry 7440-57-5
number:
CAS Registry numbers are published by the American Chemical Society

Analytical Data: Gold forms A complete series with silver (electrum, about 20-50 % Ag, and probably limited series with other metals including palladium
(porpezite 5-10% Pd), copper, bismuth, mercury, nickel, platinum and iridium. The series with copper is broken by the intermetallic compounds
auricupride and tetra-auricupride.

1 2 3 4 5
Au 99.91 85.21 90.99 94.22 73.54
Ag 0.09 14.71 3.53 2.84 20.92
Cu 5.32 0.11 4.27
Fe 0.07
Bi 2.82
Sn 0.28
Pb 0.20
Zn 0.77
Total 100 99.92 99.91 100.09 99.98
density 16.90 17.587 18.22

1)Sponge gold,
2)Ostryi Bugor, Nagol'nyi Kryazh, Ukraina
3)Borneo,
4)Shilovoisetsky Mine, Ural, Russia,
5)Electrum, West Africa

Common Ag,Cu,Pd,Hg
Impurities:

Crystallography of Gold
Crystal System: Isometric

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Class (H-M): m3m (4/m 3 2/m) - Hexoctahedral


Space Group: Fm3m
Cell Parameters: a = 4.0786

Unit Cell V 67.85 (Calculated from Unit Cell)


Volume:
Z: 4

Morphology: Usually crude to rounded octahedra, cubes, and dodecahedra to 2 cm. Often elongated along [100] or [111] directions, forming herringbone and
dendritic twins. Flattened {111} plates with triangular octahedral faces. Rarely as wires ([111] elongation); reticulated; dendritic; arborescent;
filiform; spongy; also massive in rounded fragments, flattened grains and scales (gold dust).

Twinning: Common on (111) to give herringbone twins. Repeated on (111) to give stacks of spinel twins that form hexagonal wires.

Crystallographic forms of Gold


Crystal Atlas: Click on an icon to view
Gold no.1 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

Gold no.3 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

Gold no.4 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

Gold no.17 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

Gold no.46 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

Gold no.47 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

{111} 3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by www.smorf.nl.


Hay, 1801, and many others. In: V.M. Goldschmidt, Atlas
der Krystallformen, 1913-1923. Toggle
Edge Lines | Miller Indicies | Axes

Transparency
Opaque | Translucent | Transparent

View
Along a-axis | Along b-axis | Along c-axis | Start rotation | Stop rotation

X-Ray Powder d-spacing Intensity


Diffraction Data: 2.355 (100)
2.039 (52)
1.230 (36)
1.442 (32)
0.9357 (23)
0.8325 (23)
0.9120 (22)

Occurrences of Gold
Relationship of Gold to other Species
Series: Forms a series with Silver (see here)
Forms a series with Palladium (see here)

Member of: Copper Group

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Other Members Copper Cu


of Group:
Lead Pb

Maldonite Au 2 Bi

Silver Ag

Related Minerals 1.AA.05 Aluminium Al


- Nickel-Strunz
Grouping): 1.AA.05 Copper Cu

1.AA.05 Electrum (Au, Ag)

1.AA.05 Lead Pb

1.AA.05 Nickel Ni

1.AA.05 Silver Ag

1.AA.05 UM2004-08-E:AuCuPd (Cu,Pd,Au)

1.AA.05 UM1991-06-E:AuCu Au 3 Cu

1.AA.10a Auricupride Cu 3 Au

1.AA.10b Tetra-auricupride AuCu

1.AA.10a Cuproauride Cu 3 Au

1.AA.15 Anyuiite AuPb 2

1.AA.15 Khatyrkite (Cu,Zn)Al 2

1.AA.15 Iodine I2

1.AA.15 Novodneprite AuPb 3

1.AA.15 UM1985-02-E:AlZn (Zn,Cu)Al 2

1.AA.20 Cupalite (Cu,Zn)Al

1.AA.25 Hunchunite Au 2 Pb

Related Minerals 1.1 Copper Cu


- Hey's Index
Grouping: 1.2 Silver Ag

1.6 Auricupride Cu 3 Au

1.7 Tetra-auricupride AuCu

1.8 Zinc Zn

1.9 Cadmium Cd

1.10 Danbaite CuZn 2

1.11 Zhanghengite CuZn

1.12 Mercury Hg

1.13 Kolymite Cu 7 Hg 6

1.14 Moschellandsbergite Ag 2 Hg 3

1.15 Eugenite Ag 11 Hg 2

1.16 Schachnerite Ag 1.1 Hg 0.9

1.17 Paraschachnerite Ag 3 Hg 2

1.18 Luanheite Ag 3 Hg

1.19 Weishanite (Au,Ag) 3 Hg 2

1.20 Indium In

1.21 Aluminium Al

1.22 Khatyrkite (Cu,Zn)Al 2

1.23 Cupalite (Cu,Zn)Al

1.24 Diamond C

1.25 Graphite C
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1.25 Graphite C

1.26 Chaoite C

1.27 Lonsdaleite C

1.28 Silicon Si

1.29 Tin Sn

1.30 Lead Pb

1.31 Anyuiite AuPb 2

1.31 Novodneprite AuPb 3

1.32 Leadamalgam Pb 0.7 Hg 0.3

1.33 Arsenic As

1.34 Arsenolamprite As

1.35 Paxite CuAs 2

1.36 Koutekite Cu 5 As 2

1.37 Domeykite Cu 3 As

1.38 Algodonite (Cu 1-x As x )

1.39 Novkite Cu 20 AgAs 10

1.40 Kutinaite Ag 6 Cu 14 As 7

1.41 Antimony Sb

1.42 Stibarsen AsSb

1.43 Paradocrasite Sb 3 As

1.44 Horsfordite Cu, Sb

1.45 Cuprostibite Cu 2 (Sb,Tl)

1.46 Allargentum (Ag 1-x Sb x )

1.47 Aurostibite AuSb 2

1.48 Dyscrasite Ag 3 Sb

1.49 Bismuth Bi

1.50 Maldonite Au 2 Bi

1.51 Sulphur S8

1.52 Rosickite S

1.53 Selenium Se

1.54 Tellurium Te

1.55 Chromium Cr

1.56 Rhenium Re

1.57 Iron Fe

1.58 Chromferide Fe 3 Cr 1-x (x=0.6)

1.59 Ferchromide Cr 3 Fe 1-x

1.60 Wairauite CoFe

1.61 Nickel Ni

1.62 Kamacite (Fe,Ni)

1.63 Taenite (Fe,Ni)

1.64 Tetrataenite FeNi

1.65 Awaruite Ni 3 Fe

1.66 Palladium (Pd,Pt)

1.67 Potarite PdHg

1.68 Paolovite Pd 2 Sn

1.69 Stannopalladinite (Pd,Cu) 3 Sn 2

1.70 Cabriite Pd 2 CuSn


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1.70 Cabriite Pd 2 CuSn

1.71 Taimyrite (Pd,Cu,Pt) 3 Sn

1.72 Atokite (Pd,Pt) 3 Sn

1.73 Rustenburgite (Pt,Pd) 3 Sn

1.74 Zvyagintsevite (Pd,Pt,Au) 3 (Pb,Sn)

1.75 Plumbopalladinite Pd 3 Pb 2

1.76 Osmium (Os,Ir,Ru)

1.77 Iridium (Ir,Os,Ru)

1.82 Platinum Pt

1.83 Hongshiite PtCu

1.84 Niggliite PtSn

1.85 Isoferroplatinum Pt 3 Fe

1.86 Tetraferroplatinum PtFe

1.87 Tulameenite Pt 2 CuFe

1.88 Ferronickelplatinum Pt 2 FeNi

1.89 Rhodium (Rh,Pt)

Related Minerals 1.1.1.2 Silver Ag


- Dana
Grouping): 1.1.1.3 Copper Cu

Other Names for Gold


Synonyms: Native Gold Qori Sol

Qori Sol
Name in Other Afrikaans: Goud
Languages:
Albanian: Ari

Amharic:

Arabic:

Armenian:

Asturian: Oru

Aymara: Quri

Azeri: Qzl

Basque: Urre

Belarusian:

Bengali:

Bishnupriya
Manipuri:
Bosnian (Latin Zlato
Script):
Bulgarian:

Catalan: Or

Cherokee:
Chuvash:

Corsican: Oru

Croatian: Zlato

Czech: Zlato

Danish: Guld

Dutch: Goud

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Erzya:

Esperanto: Oro

Estonian: Kuld

Finnish: Kulta

French: Or
Or natif

Friulian: Aur

Galician: Ouro

Gan:

Georgian:

German: Gediegen Gold

Greek:

Guarani: Kuarepotiju

Gujarati:

Haitian: L

Hakka: Km

Hebrew:

Hindi:

Hungarian: Arany

Icelandic: Gull

Ido: Oro

Indonesian: Emas

Irish Gaelic: r

Italian: Oro
Oro nativo

Japanese:

Javanese: Emas

Kannada:

Kapampangan: Gintu

Kazakh (Cyrillic
Script):
Kongo: Wolo

Korean:

Kurdish (Latin Zr
Script):
Latin: Aurum

Latvian: Zelts

Limburgian: Goud

Lingala: Wlo

Lithuanian: Auksas

Lojban: solji

Low Saxon: Gold

Luxembourgish: Gold

Macedonian:

Malay: Emas

Malayalam:
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Malayalam:

Manx: Airh

Marathi:

Min Nan: Au

Mongolian (Cyrillic
Script):
Nahuatl: Cztic tecuitlatl

Norman: Or

Norwegian Gull
(Bokml):
Norwegian Gull
(Nynorsk):
Novial: Ore (novial name for
gold)

Occitan: Aur

Persian:

Polish: Zoto

Portuguese: Ouro

Quechua: Quri

Ripuarian: Jold

Romanian: Aur

Russian:

Sanskrit:

Scottish Gaelic: r

Serbian (Cyrillic
Script):
Serbo-Croatian: Zlato

Sicilian: Oru

Simplified Chinese:
Slovak: Zlato

Slovenian: Zlato

Spanish: Oro
Oro nativo

Swahili: Dhahabu

Swedish: Guld
Gediget Guld

Tagalog: Ginto

Tajik (Cyrillic
Script):
Tamil:

Telugu:

Thai:

Turkish: Altn

Ukrainian:

Urdu:

Uzbek (Latin Oltin


Script):
Venetian: Oro
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Venetian: Oro

Vietnamese: Vng

Welsh: Aur

Yiddish:

Zazaki: Zern

Zhuang: Gim

Zulu: Igolide

Varieties: Argentian Mercurian Gold Iridian Gold Palladian Gold Porpezite

Bismuthian Gold Mercurian Gold Platinian Gold Pyrrhochrysit


Cuprian Gold Nickeloan Gold Plumbian Gold Rhodite

Iridian Gold Palladian Gold Porpezite

Other Information
Fluorescence in none
UV light:
Thermal Melting Point: 1062.4 0.8
Behaviour:
Other Completely soluble with Copper. Insoluble in acids except for aqua regia, with incomplete separation if more than 20% of silver is present.
Information:
Reported as spongy alteration pseudomorphs after Calaverite (Cripple Creek).

Health Risks: No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

External Links Search for toxicity information at the United States National Library of Medicine

Industrial Uses: Electrical conductor, transparent reflective coating, jewelry, dentistry, coinage, decorative coatings

Gold in petrology
Common component of (items highlighted in red)

Ore
Gold ore

Accessory component of (items highlighted in red)

Metamorphic rock
Metasomatic-rock
Fault-related alkaline metasomatite
Carbonatite-related albitite

References for Gold


Reference List: Wibel (1852) Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein, Hamburg . Abhandlungen und Verhandlungen: 2: 87.

Hatch, F.H. and J.A. Chalmers (1895) The Gold Mines of the Rand. London: Macmillan & Co.

Scupham, J.R. (1898) The Buried Rivers of California as a Source of Gold. Mines and Minerals - Nov., 1898.

Outerbridge Jr., Alexander E. (1899) Marvellous Increase in Production of Gold. AP Popular Science Monthly, March, 1899.

Stone, George H. (1900) Gold Placers in Glaciated Regions. Mines and Minerals (June, 1900).

Krusch (1903) Zeitschrift fr praktische Geologie, Berlin, hale a.S.: 11: 331 (Simpson analysis).

Spencer, Arthur C. (1904) The Geology of the Treadwell Ore Deposits, Douglas Island, Alaska. Transaction of the American Institute of Mining
Engineers - Oct., 1904.

Douglass, Earl (1905) Source of the Placer Gold in Alder Gulch, Montana. Mines and Minerals - Feb, 1905.

Evans, Horace F. (1905) The Source of the Fraser River Gold. Mining World - Sept. 2, 1905.

Wilkinson, H.L. (1905) Deep Placer Deposits of Victoria. Engineering and Mining Journal - Dec. 30, 1905.

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Hart, T.S. (1906) Victorian Auriferous Occurrences. Australian Mining Standard - July 25, Aug. 1, 1906. Serial. 2 parts.

Nenadkevwitsch (1907) Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Trav. Mus. gol.: 1: 81.

Gregory, John W. (1907) Gold Mining and Gold Production (Cantor Lecture). Journal of the Society of Arts - Sept. 13, 1907. Serial. lst part.

Tyrrell, J.B. (1907) Concentration of Gold in the Klondike. Economic Geology - June, 1907.

Garrison, F. Lynwood (1909) Nature of Mining and Scientific Press - May 29, 1909.

Samojloff (1909) Zeitschrift fr Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 46: 286.

Cochrane, N.D. (1910) Geological Features of Fiji. Australian Mining Standard - Aug. 3, 1910.

Day, Sosman (1910), American Journal of Science: 29: 93.

Lincoln, F.C. (1911) Types of Canadian Gold Deposits. Economic Geology: 6: 247.

Thomas, Jr., C.S. (1911) The Bugbear of Gold. Mining and Scientific Press - May 13, 1911.

Chernik (1912) Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Trav. Mus. gol.: 6: 78.

Lakes, A. (1912) Geology of the Breckenridge Placers. Mines and Minerals - Feb, 1912.

Nenadkevwitsch (1914) Zeitschrift fr Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 53: 609.

Ungemach (1916) Bulletin de la Socit franaise de Minralogie: 39: 5.

Goldschmidt, V. (1918) Atlas der Krystallformen. 9 volumes, atlas, and text: Volume 4: 75.

Doelter, C. (1922) Handbuch der Mineral-chemie (in 4 volumes divided into parts): 3 [2]: 187.

McKeehan (1922) Physical Review, a Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics: 20: 424.

Uglow, W.L., Johnston, W.A. (1923) Origin of the Placer Gold of the Barkerville Area, Cariboo District, British Columbia, Canada. Economic Geology:
18(8): 541-561.

Holgersson and Sedstrm (1924) Annalen der Physik, Halle, Leipzig: 75: 143.

Weiss (1925) Proceedings of the Royal Society of London: 108: 643 (artificial Au-Ag alloys).

Strukturberichte (1913-1926): 504 (Au-Cu series).

Ballard, S.M. (1928) Geology and Ore Deposits of the Rocky Bar Quadrangle. Idaho Bureau of Mines and Geology - Pamphlet, no. 26, 41 pp.

Ferraz, L.C. (1929) Compendio dos Mineraes do Brazil en forma Diccionario 645pp., Rio de Janeiro: 326.

Freise, F.W. (1931) Transportation of Gold by Organic Underground Solutions. Economic Geology: 26, 421-431.

Kellogg, A.E. (1931) Origin of Flour Gold in Black Sands. Mining Journal, Phoenix, Arizona: 14(20)(March 15th): 3-4 and 49-50.

Schneiderhhn, H., Ramdohr, P. (1931) Lehrbuch der Erzmikroskopie. 2 volumes: vol. 2, 714 pp.: 64.

Strukturberichte (1928-1932): 615 (Au-Cu series).

Drier, Walker (1933) Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science: 16: 294.

Holloway, H.L. (1933) Alluvial Gold. Mining Magazine: 49(2) (Aug): 82-85.

Lindgren, W. (1933) Mineral Deposits. ); fourth edition, 930pp. New York.

Owen, Yates (1933), Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science: 15: 472 (On spectroscopically pure gold).

Treskinsky, S. (1933) Desert Placers. Mining Magazine: 49(4) (Oct 1933): 219-223 [Description of type of placer deposit occurring in Persia].

Vegard, Kloster (1934) Zeitschrift fr Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 89: 560.

Brg, G. (1935) Die sekundaeren Umlagerungen und Anreicherungen des des Goldes in den Goldseifen. Zeitschrift fr Praktische Geologie: 43(9)
(Sept 1935): 134-139.

Fisher, M.S. (1935) Origins and Composition of Alluvial Gold, With Special Reference to Morobe Goldfield, New Guinea. Institution of Mining and
Metallurgy - Bulletin 365, 366, 367, 369 and 370 Feb 1935, 46 p supp plates, (discussion) Mar p. 1-27 Apr p. 23-4, June p. 31-2 and (author's
reply) July p. 5-14.
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reply) July p. 5-14.

Heyerhoff, H.A. (1935) Do Gold Nuggets Grow or Are They Born that Way? Mining and Metallurgy: 16(no. 340, Apr 1935): 195.

Jurriaanse (1935) Zeitschrift fr Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 90: 322 (Bi solubility in Au).

Fisher, M.S. (1936) Origin and Composition of Alluvial Gold, with Special Reference to Morobe Goldfield, New Guinea. Institution of Mining and
Metallurgy - Bulletin 378, Mar 1936 p. 27-31.

Crampton, F.A. (1937) Occurrence of Gold in Stream Placers. Mining Journal (Phoenix, Arizona): 20(16): 3-4 and 33-34.

Emmons, W.H. (1937) Gold Deposits of the World. New York: McGraw Hill.

Van AUBEL, R. (1937) Sur l'origine de l'or et des pepites alluvionnaires. Chronique des Mines Coloniales: 6(64): 238-262.

Palache, C., Berman, H., Frondel, C. (1944) The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892,
Seventh edition, Volume I: 89-95.

Hoffman, A. (1947) Free Gold, Story of Canadian Mining Rinehart and Co. New York and Toronto, 420 p.

Gorbunov, E.Z. (1959) K voprosu o dal'nosti perenosa rossypnogo zolota ot korennykh istochnikov. Sovetskaya Geologiya: 2(6) (June 1959): 98-
105. Transportation of gold during formation of placers].

Gorbunov, E.Z. (1963) Osobennosti razvitiya gidroseti i voprosy rossypnoi zolotonostnosti na Severo-Vostoke SSSR. Sovetskaya Geologiya n 4 Apr
1963 p 73-84 [Evolution features of hydrographic networks and problems of occurrence of gold, tin, and tungsten placers in northeast of the
former Soviet Union].

Ivensen, Yu.P., Stepanov, A.A., Chaikovskii, V.K. (1963) K probleme zolotonosnykh konglomeratov. Razvedka i Okhrana Nedr n 2 Feb 1963 p. 1-7.
[Problem of gold-bearing conglomerates].

Sher, S.D. (1965) O sootnoshenii masshtabov korennoi i rossypnoi zolotonosnosti v razlichnykh zolotonosnykh provintsiyakh zemnogo shara.
Sovetskaya Geologiya n 3 Mar 1965 p. 3-9 [Relationship between magnitude of primary gold deposits and gold placers in various gold-bearing
provinces of world].

Hammett, A.B.J. (1966) The History of Gold. Kerrville: Braswell Printing.

Ferguson, S.A. et al (1973) Gold Deposits of Ontario (2 volumes); Ontario Division of Mines Circular 13.

Boyle (1979), The geochemistry of gold and its deposits.

Bache (1982): Les gisements d'or dans le monde.

Fleet, M.E., Mumin, A.H. (1997) Gold-bearing arsenian pyrite and marcasite and arsenopyrite from Carlin trend gold deposits and laboratory
synthesis. American Mineralogist: 82: 182-193.

Deksissa, D.J., Koeberl, C. (2002) Geochemistry and petrography of gold-quartz-tourmaline veins of the Okote area, southern Ethiopia:
implications for gold exploration. Mineralogy and Petrology: 75: 101-122.

Extra Lapis (English), No. 5 - Gold (2003).

Morris, Neil (2005) Gold and Silver. Appleseed Editions Ltd, East Sussex.

Reich, M., Kesler, S.E., Utsunomiya, S., Palenik, C.S., Chryssoulis, S., Ewing, R.C. (2005) Solubility of gold in arsenian pyrite. Geochimica et
Cosmochimica Acta: 69: 2781-2796.

Reith, F., Rogers, S.L., McPhail, D.C., Webb, D. (2006) Biomineralization of Gold: Biofilms on Bacterioform Gold. Science: 313(5784): 233-236.

Hough, R.M., Butt, C.R.M., Reddy, S.M., Verrall, M. (2007) Gold nuggets: supergene or hypogene? Australian Journal of Earth Sciences: 54: 959-
964.

Hough, R.M. et al. (2008) Naturally occurring gold nanoparticles and nanoplates. Geology: 36: 571-574.

Hough, R.M., Butt, C.R.M., Fischer-Bhner, J. (2009) The crystallography, metallography and composition of gold. Elements: 5: 297-302.

Majzlan, J., Chovan, M., Andr, P., Newville, M., Wiedenbeck, M. (2010) The nanoparticulate nature of invisible gold in arsenopyrite from Pezinok
(Slovakia). Neues Jahrbuch fr Mineralogie - Abhandlungen: 187: 1-9.

Hough, R.M., Noble, R.R.P., Reich, M. (2011) Natural gold nanoparticles. Ore Geology Reviews: 42: 55-61.

Denis Fougerouse, Steven M. Reddy, David W. Saxey, William D.A. Rickard, Arie van Riessen, Steven Micklethwaite (2016): Nanoscale gold clusters
in arsenopyrite controlled by growth rate not concentration: Evidence from atom probe microscopy. American Mineralogist (online).

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Internet Links for Gold


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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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Significant localities for Gold


Showing 32 significant localities out of 29,811 recorded on mindat.org.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in
the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

(TL) indicates type locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) indicates first recorded locality for everything else. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed
without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.

Argentina
Tucumn
Burruyac Department
Sierra de La Ramada Ral Jorge Tauber Larrys collection.Pea, H. A. (1970): Minerales y Rocas de Aplicacin de la Provincia de
Farallon Blanco Mine Tucumn. Direccin Provincial de Minas. Tucumn.

Australia
Tasmania
Kentish municipality
Moina - Middlesex District
Bell Mt goldfield Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
Stormont mine Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania; Amy B.D. Cockerton and Andrew G. Tomkins
(2012): Insights into the Liquid Bismuth Collector Model Through Analysis of the Bi-Au Stormont Skarn
Prospect, Northwest Tasmania. Economic Geology 107, 667-682.

Canada
British Columbia
New Westminster Mining Division
Harrison Lake
; Mauthier, M. and C. A. Francis (2006) Gold Crystal Localities of British Columbia, Canada. Rocks &
Bear Mountain Minerals 81:14-22; British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources, Geological
Harrison Gold Mine (RN; Abo; GEO) Fieldwork, 1986, Paper 1987-1, pp. 15-22
Newfoundland and Labrador Swinden, S., McBRIDE, D., & Dube, B. (1990). Preliminary geological and mineralogical notes on the Nugget
Pond gold deposit, Baie Verte Peninsula, Newfoundland. Current Research, Newfoundland Department of
Newfoundland
Mines and Energy Report of Activities, Mineral Development Division, 201-215.
Baie Verte Peninsula
Betts Cove

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7/11/2017 Gold: Gold mineral information and data.
Nugget Pond Mine
Ontario
Cochrane District
Timmins area ; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McIntyre_Mines; The Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel
Porcupine Mining District (1944),The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-
1892. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged, Volume I, 834pp.: 94.; Econ
Tisdale Township Geol (1987) 82:1177-1191; Economic Geology November 1988 v. 83 no. 7 p. 1347-1368 ; Ontario MDI
McIntyre Mine (Pamour Mine) Number: MDI42A06NW00032
Whitney Township Ann P. Sabina,(1974), " Rocks and Minerals for the Collector- Cobalt-Belleterre-Timmins; Ontario and
Pamour #1 Mine (Three Nations Shaft) Quebec", Geological Survey of Canada Paper 73-13 (1974),

Ireland
Co. Galway
Joyce Country
Ovoca Gold Exploration reports.; Lusty, P. A., Naden, J., Bouch, J. J., McKervey, J. A., & McFarlane, J. A.
Bohaun (2011). Atypical gold mineralization in an orogenic settingthe Bohaun Deposit, western Irish Caledonides.
Benlugmore Economic Geology, 106(3), 359-380.
Co. Mayo
Croagh Patrick
Lecanvey prospect UKJMM Vol.29 p.14

Romania
Alba Co.
Zlatna (Zalatna; Zalathna)
Boteti (Bote; Botes; Botesbnya; Golddorf) Carles Curto Mil collection
Hunedoara Co.
Deva
Trestia Mine (Trestya Mine) No reference listed

Russia
Urals Region
Middle Urals
Sverdlovskaya Oblast'
Cook, R. B. (2007). Crocoite: Dundas, Tasmania, Australia. Rocks & Minerals, 82(1), 50-54; Seltmann, R.,
Ekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk)
Soloviev, S., Shatov, V., Pirajno, F., Naumov, E., & Cherkasov, S. (2010). Metallogeny of Siberia: tectonic,
Berezovskii (Berezovskii Zavod) geologic and metallogenic settings of selected significant deposits*. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences,
Berezovskoe Au Deposit (Berezovsk Mines) 57(6), 655-706

Taiwan
Taiwan Province
New Taipei City
Ruifang District
James K.C.Huang Collection; Chemical Geology 154 1999. 155167; Chemical Geology 154 1999. 155
Chinkuashih Mine (Jinguashi Mine; Kinkwaseki Mine; Kinkaseki Mine) 167; Hwang, J. Y and Meyer, H O A (1982) The Mineral Chemistry and Genesis of the Chinkuashih ore
Pen-Shan Ore Body deposits, Taiwan. Proceedings of the Geological Society of China 25:88-101

UK
England
Devon
South Devon
[Embrey & Symes, 1987 - "Minerals of Cornwall and Devon"]; Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484; C. J. Stanley, A.
Torquay J. Criddle and D. Lloyd (1990) Precious and Base Metal Selenide Mineralization at Hope's Nose, Torquay,
Hope's Nose Devon. Mineralogical Magazine 54:485-493

USA
Alabama
Randolph Co.
Pinetucky District
Pinetucky Mine Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull120
California
Mariposa Co.
Mother Lode Belt
Bagby-Mariposa-Mount Bullion-Whitlock District
Whitlock District
Colorado area Mineralogical Record (2007): 38: 212; Rocks & Minerals 83:5 pp 392-401; USGS (2005), Mineral Resources
Mockingbird Mine (Talc & Lacy claim) Data System (MRDS): U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, loc. file ID #10031128.
Colorado District
Colorado Eidahl, D. (1977): Gold from the Colorado quartz mine. Mineralogical Record 8, 440-441; Pemberton, H. Earl
(1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 23; Economic Geology (1987): 82: 328-344;
Colorado Mine (Colorado Quartz Mine; Colorado Cook, Lees, Francis (2009) The Colorado Quartz Gold Mine Mariposa County, California. Rocks & Minerals
Quartz claim) 84:396-412
Placer Co.
Michigan Bluff District (Michigan Bluff deposit) Rocks & Minerals, Volume 69, Issue 6 December 1994, pages 371 - 378
Sage Hill Waring, Clarence (1917) Mines and Mineral Resources of the Counties of El Dorado, Placer, Sacramento,
Yuba. State Mineralogists Report 1915-1916.

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7/11/2017 Gold: Gold mineral information and data.
De Maria Mine (Garbe Mine)
Eagle's Nest Mine (Mystery Wind Mine) MinRec.:20(5):387 & 31:20.
Colorado
Clear Creek Co.
Lamartine District
Dixie Mine Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
Eagle Co.
Gilman District (Battle Mountain District; Red Cliff District)
Battle Mountain
Ground Hog Mine Rocks & Min.:57:61.
Moffat Co.
Fourmile District (Timberlake Creek District)
Dry Gulch Maneotis: 2009
Park Co.
Pennsylvania Placer Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
San Juan Co.
Eureka District
Gladstone
Bonita Peak
Sunnyside Mine group (American Tunnel Mine; American
the Book "Colorado Gold" by Allen Bird (ex manager of the mine); Rocks & Min.: 63: 366-384.; Ransome,
Tunnel; Gold King Mine; Washington Mine; Belle Creole; Gold Frederick Leslie (1901) A report on the economic geology of the Silverton quadrangle, Colorado. USGS Bull
Prince; Brenneman Mine; Mogul Mine) 182; Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
Georgia
Hall Co.
Gainesville
Potosi Mine Rocks & Min.: 64:196.
Nevada
Nye Co.
Toquima Range
Round Mountain District
Round Mountain
Round Mountain
Round Mountain Mine (Round Mountain Gold Mine;
Sunnyside Mine; Sphinx glory hole; Great Western tunnel;
Rattlesnake; Keane vein; Los Gazabo vein) Wilson, W. E. (2009): The Round Mountain mine, Nye County, Nevada. Mineralogical Record, 40:105-115
Washoe Co.
Pah Rah Range (Pah Rah Mts)
Olinghouse District (White Horse District) Rocks and Minerals, (1989) 64:397-403
813 pit [www.johnbetts-fineminerals.com]
Green Hill R&M 79:1 p44-54
North Carolina
Davidson Co.
Carolina Slate Belt
Cid District
Conrad Hill Mine U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
Washington
Kittitas Co.
Swauk District
Liberty
Ace Of Diamonds Mine Rice Museum

Mineral and/or Locality Search

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