Kinship-a system of relationships as well as
rights and responsibilities of relatives
-Recognition of a relationship between
people based on descent or marriage
Consanguines-blood relatives
Affinal-relationship has been established
through marriage
Fictive-adoption, godparent, godchild
Lineages-a set of kin whose members trace
descent from a common ancestor known
links.
-They may be patrilineages or matrilineages
depending on whether the links are traced
though males or females only
Clans-also called sib, and a set of kin whose
members believe that they have descended
from a common ancestor but the links back
to the ancestor are not specified
Types of Clans
Patriclans-clans with patrilineal descent
Matriclans-clans with matrilineal descent
Totem-designated by an animal or plant
name
Phratries-supposedly related clans or sibs
Moieties-Moiety meaning half
-Entire societies actual genealogy may be
divided into two large in lineal descent
groups that have reciprocal
Marriage-foundation of the family
-A special contract of permanent union
between a man and women entered into in
accordance with law for the establishment of
conjugal and family life
-A socially recognized union between two or
more individuals that typically involves
sexual and economic rights and duties
Forms of Marriage-
Monogamy-permits a man to take only one
spouse at a time
Polygamy-Plural marriage
Polygyny-marriage of one man to two or
more women at the same time
Polyandry-marriage of a women to two or
more men at the same time
Endogamy-one should marry within ones
clan or ethnic group
Exogamy-one marries outside ones clan or
ethnic group
Levirate-widow marries the brother or
nearest kin of the deceased husband
Sororate-widower marries the sister of
nearest kin of the deceased wife
Homogamy-life marries life
Family-basic social institution and the
primary group in the society
-A group of persons united by ties of
marriage, blood or adoption, constituting a
single household interacting and
communicating with each other in their
respective social roles
Functions of the family
1. Regulation of sexual behavior
2. Reproduction
3. Biological maintenance
4. Socialization
5. Care and protection function
6. Social placement
7. Social control
Patterns of family organization
1.) Nuclear family-composed of husband
and wife and their children
-Family of orientation-Family into
family which a person is born and where he
is reared or socialized
-Family of procreation-family that a
person established through marriage
2.) Extended family-composed of two or
more nuclear families economically or
socially related to each other
Bilateral descent-reckoning of descent
through both the mothers and fathers
families
Patrilineal descent-descent through the
fathers family only
Matrilineal descent-through the mothers
family only
Patrilocal-the married couple live with or
near the husbands family
Matrilocal-the husband leaves his family
and sets up housekeeping with or near his
wifes family
Neolocal-new home
Bilocal-gives the couple a choice of staying
with either the grooms parents or the
brides parents
Avunculocal-prescribes that the newly
married couple reside with or near the
maternal uncle of the groom
Patriarchal-one in which the authority is
vested on the oldest male in the family often
the family
Matriarchal-authority is vested on the
mother or the mothers kin
Egalitarian-the husband and the wife
exercise a more or less equal amount of
authority
Matricentric-absence of the family gives
the mother a dominant position in the family
Patricentric-absence of the mother