ISO/IEC 17024 and ISO 18463-1

accredited with training centers in

50 countries.
Destination ORLANDO:
International Machine Vibration Analysis
RELIABILITY IMPROVEMENT Conference
October 31 November 3, 2016

VIBRATION ANALYSIS

CERTIFICATION PER ISO 18436

PRECISION MAINTENANCE

www.mobiusinstitute.com VibrationMatters
The Vibration Analysts Newsletter
In this issue: Series 3, Issue 8 September 2016

Featured Lesson:
FEATURED LESSON
Rolling Element Bearings Stages
of faults; #4
page 1 Rolling Element Bearings: Stages of Faults; #4
----------------------------
In our last issue of Vibration Matters, we o Smoothing of metal reduces
Simulator Spotlight Video:
identified the four stages of bearing faults sharp impacts
iTeachBearings
page 2 and began by looking at stages one and Spectrum, time waveform and
two. If you missed the last issue, you can envelope spectrum analysis still
----------------------------
download it here. effective at first
Case Study:
Air Washer #1 Bearing In this issue of Vibration Matters, we will
progression to stage #4
examine Stage 4.
page 2

----------------------------
Breaking News!
Mobius Surpasses 20,000 ISO
Category I-IV students
Page 4
----------------------------
Upcoming Global Vibration
Analyst Certification Courses
Page 6
----------------------------
Mobius Institute North
America complete listing of
courses:
>Click to learn more
----------------------------
Mobius Institute can come to
your location:
>Learn about our on-site courses
Stage Four Bearing Faults
When a rolling contact bearing enters into
a Stage #4 fault condition, there is only
about 1% of its life left. The following
characteristics define when it has reached
Stage #4:
By stage #4, the bearings vibration
Significant damage patterns will start to change dramatically;
o Damage far more extensive due in most part to the excessive wear.
o Damage in one component The vibration becomes less and less
causes damage in other
periodic there are too many areas of
components damage. The vibration starts to become
o Failure is imminent noisy which lifts up the noise floor we call
them haystacks, but they are really just
Very high frequency vibration may resonances.
trend downwards.
FEATURED TRAINING VIDEO:
Simulator Spotlight:
iTeachBearings
In this presentation, Jason Tranter
demonstrates the Mobius Institute
interactive simulator used in our
classroom and distance-learning
training courses to teach students
how bearing defects generate
vibration patterns that we expect to
see in a worn or defective rolling
contact bearing.
Length: 6 min
www.mobiusinstitute.com
2016 Mobius Institute - All rights reserved.
As the fault develops further the defect
frequency peaks will disappear altogether,
and the spectrum will change to become
more like the pattern expected with
rotating looseness. This is because there
has been so much metal loss that the
clearances begin to grow.
Once you observe these changes you must
take action; the bearing has less than 1% of
its life remaining.
At this stage the high frequency techniques
become far less effective. The shock pulse
and gSE trends may dip. The spectrum will
provide enough evidence of the fault
condition. A person standing next to the
machine could tell you that the bearing
was damaged.
The effectiveness of each bearing detection
technique is summarized below:
The following table summarizes the
possible actions you could take at this
stage:
Optimizing your results
Now that we have nearly completed our
series on detecting bearing defects, please
remember that detecting defects is only
part of the story. It is just as important to
try to remove the root cause of bearing
failure and extend the life of the bearings.
This begins in the design phase, making
sure one is using the correct machine and
bearings for the job, and it continues into
purchasing, shipping, handling, installation,
acceptance testing, alignment, balancing,
lubricating etc. In short, there is bearing
wear and there is bearing care and we
should be interested in both of them.
Air Washer #1
a Case Study:
Motor driving fan; 2:1 belt ratio
Machine information:
o Speed = 1770 CPM; 1XM
o 40 HP motor
o Overhung fan
o 16 blades on the fan; 16XF or
8XM
o 11 cooling fan blades on the
motor
o Motor sheave 6.5" (165 mm)
STAY IN THE LOOP:
International Machine
Vibration Analysis
(IMVAC) BLOG
If you are interested in learning
more about the the International
Machine Vibration Analysis
Conference, bookmark the IMVAC
Blog:
https://imvac.blogspot.com
The blog highlights upcoming
presentations, new technology and
activities that will be held at the
upcoming IMVAC conferences.
As well, we will very soon be
announcing the IMVAC Europe
event, and you will hear it first on
the IMVAC blog!
o Fan shaft = 0.5XM; 885 CPM;
1XF
o Fan sheave diameter 13" (330
mm)
o Distance between centers 47"
(1194 mm)
o Belt rate 0.1636xM
The peaks at 3.06 and its harmonics are more visible
in Log scale.
When monitoring commenced on April 5
on Air Washer #1, the vertical and
horizontal data did not show very much at On June 1, the signs of bearing wear are
all. The amplitude levels are quite low. becoming quite strong. The time
The time waveform does show some high waveform is a classic. The impacts are
frequency content, suggesting the earliest occurring every 3.1X of running speed.
signs of bearing wear. This is a belt driven
machine, so there are peaks associated
with the belt rate and the fan shaft. The
data is from the motor.
The axial direction does show a small non-
synchronous peak at 3.06 orders. The high
1x indicates the sheaves may be
misaligned.
The classic waveform shows the impacting at every
3.1 orders.
The high range of the spectrum shows
there are harmonics of the bearing
frequency to greater than 50 orders.
Vertical and Horizontal show very little signs of
bearing frequencies.
May 3 shows early signs of bearing wear, High range shows bearing harmonics to greater than
50x.
the levels were increasing, and the time
waveform showed even more signs of
bearing wear. It is difficult to see in a linear
plot; however, in log view a peak at 3.1X So, where are the
with harmonics is visible. The bearing is
sidebands?
at Stage Two now.
Looking closely at the data, even in log,
there are no strong sidebands. How can
this be? Recall that sidebands occur if
there is a ball fault (sidebands of FT) or an
inner race fault (sidebands of 1X). Given
that the bearing tone is low in frequency
Axial shows peak at 3.06 orders. (BPI = 0.6 x # balls, BPO = 0.4 x # balls) it
would be suggested that the fault is on the
BREAKING NEWS:
outer race. So there are harmonics, just no

Mobius Institute sidebands.

Surpasses 20,000 ISO

CAT I-IV Students

There are no sidebands. This is an outer race fault
which typically does not vary in amplitude like inner
race frequencies
Notice that we have been able to
determine, with some confidence, the
nature of the fault without even knowing
what bearing is installed in the machine.
Mobius Institute Has Trained More
Than 20,000 Vibration Analysts from
164 Countries Since Its ISO 18436
Category I - IV Classroom Training
and Certification Commenced in
2005.
by October 5th, haystacks are evident
th,
by January 12 data looks very different!
(below) The time waveform does not have
the same periodic spikes, the spectrum
does not have the harmonics, but the noise
floor is considerably higher.
The bearing is at Stage Four. The bearing
is almost dead - in fact, the machine failed
catastrophically just two days later!

BAINBRIDGE ISLAND, Wash.--

Even though the bearing was not known, we were
(BUSINESS WIRE)--Mobius Institute, still able to determine the nature of the fault
the premier provider of vibration
analysis and machine reliability
training courses and products, th
On October 5 , the harmonic levels Stage Four - the waveform is different, the spectrum
today announced that it has
increase, haystacks appear, and the noise floor is raised. The machine failed just 2 days later.
reached a significant milestone:
floor rises. This is the data from the high
having trained more than 20,000
range, vertical direction. Notice that the
vibration analysts since it began
bearing harmonics are evident to more
classroom vibration analysis
than 60 times turning speed.
courses in 2005.

Read the full press release >

View a recent message from

Mobius founder, Jason Tranter:

High range showing bearing frequency harmonics to

greater than 60x.
 IMVAC INTERNATIONAL
ORLANDO, FLORIDA
MACHINE VIBRATION ANALYSIS
CONFERENCE
www.vibrationconference.com
USA | MIDDLE EAST | EUROPE

O C T O B E R 3 1 - N O V E M B E R 2 , 2 0 1 6

THE MUST-ATTEND
CONFERENCE FOR
VIBRATION ANALYSTS
Extend your understanding of vibration analysis and learn about new
technologies from industry thought leaders, expert trainers and fellow
analysts at IMVAC.

AN EXCELLENT OPPORTUNITY FOR ALL VIBRATION ANALYSTS

+ Five keynote sessions + Exhibition hall

+ Four streams of workshops & presentations + Networking sessions

+ Informative case-study presentations + Round table discussions

+ Awareness Day hands-on sessions + IMVAC Theater

The International Machine Vibration
Analysis Conference (IMVAC) is a
professional conference that focuses on
increasing the analysts critical skills and
knowledge, the related condition monitoring
technologies, precision maintenance
techniques, program management and
reliability improvement strategy.
IMVAC is presented and managed by:
MOBIUS INSTITUTE
IMVAC delivers three streams of great FANTASTIC VENUE
workshops, presentations and informative B RESORT & SPA, Lake Buena Vista
at Walt Disney World Resort
case studies that will provide you new skills
and ideas to take back to the plant and put CONFERENCE DATES
into practice. Dont miss this opportunity to October 31 November 2, 2016
participate in IMVAC, space is limited so
LEARN MORE & REGISTER
register today!
www.vibrationconference.com
QUESTIONS?
Contact Becky Partipilo at
(+1) 615-216-4811 x4
IMVAC and INTERNATIONAL MACHINE VIBRATION
ANALYSIS CONFERENCE are trademarks of Mobius Institute
2016 Mobius Institute All rights reserved.
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Vibration Analysis ISO Category II: Intermediate Dungun, MY 9/4/2016 4.5 days

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Vibration Analysis ISO Category III: Advanced Dungun, MY 10/16/2016 4.5 days

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Vibration Analysis ISO Category II: Intermediate Shanghai, CN 10/17/2016 5 days

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Vibration Analysis ISO Category II: Intermediate Colchester, UK 10/17/2016 5 days

Vibration Analysis ISO Category II: Intermediate Johannesburg, ZA 10/17/2016 5 days

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