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BS 8110 Design Flexure Table 1 Design ultimate bending moments and shear forces
for beams
Procedure for determining Calculate lever arm z from Calculate compression
reinforcement required from At outer Near middle of At first interior At middle of At interior
flexural reinforcement z=d 0.5 + 0.25 - K support end span support interior spans supports
0.9 As = (K-K)fcu bd 2/0.87fy (d-d)
Carry out analysis of beam to determine Moment 0 0.09Fl 0.11Fl 0.07Fl 0.08Fl
design moments (M) Shear 0.45F 0.6F 0.55F
(see Table 1) Compression reinforcement required
Calculate tension NOTE
l is the effective span;
No reinforcement required from
F is the total design ultimate load (1.4G k + 1.6Q k).
As = (Kfcubd 2/0.87fy z)+ As No redistribution of the moments calculated from this table should be made.
Outside scope Concrete class C50/60? is K K ? Characteristic imposed load Qk may not exceed characteristic dead load Gk;
of this guide Loads should be substantially uniformaly distributed over three or more spans;
No
Check maximum Variations in span length should not exceed 15% of longest.
Yes
Yes reinforcement To be used for BS8110 design only. For EC2 design, please refer to Table 1 on page 6.
M requirements
Determine K from K = 2 No compression reinforcement required Based on Table 3.5 of BS 8110
bd fcu A s,max = 0.04 Ac Design
for tension or complete
Obtain lever arm z from Table 2 or use compression
reinforcement Table 2 z/d for singly reinforced rectangular sections
K = 0.156 where redistribution 10% z=d 0.5 + 0.25 - K 0.95d outside lap locations
0.9 K z/d K z/d
K = 0.402 ( b - 0.4) - 0.18 ( b - 0.4)2 0.05 0.94 0.11 0.86
where redistribution >10% 0.06 0.93 0.12 0.84
Calculate tension reinforcement 0.07 0.91 0.13 0.82
required from Check minimum
0.08 0.90 0.14 0.81
reinforcement
As = M requirements
0.09 0.89 0.15 0.79
0.87 fy z 0.10 0.87 0.156 0.78
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Based on figures C.4d and C.5b of Concrete Buildings Scheme Design Manual.
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(477fs)
Modification factor = 0.55 + 2.0
NOTE 1 For spans exceeding
120 0.9 + M Table 7 Basic span/effective depth ratio for rectangular 10m, Table 7 should be used
bd 2
where or flanged beams only if it is not necessary to limit
M is the design ultimate moment at the centre of the span or, for a cantilever, at the support. the increase in deflection after
Support conditions Rectangular Flanged beams with the construction of partitions
NOTE 2 The design service stress in the tension reinforcement in a member may be estimated from the equation:
section bw and finishes. Where limitation is
0.3 necessary, the values in Table 7
fs = 2fyAs req 1 b should be multiplied by 10/span
3As prov b except for cantilevers where the
Cantilever 7 5.6
NOTE 3 For a continuous beam, if the percentage of redistribution is not known but the design ultimate moment at design should be justified by
Simply supported 20 16.0
mid-span is obviously the same as or greater than the elastic ultimate moment, the stress fs in this table may be taken calculation.
Continuous 26 20.8
as 2/3fy.
Based on Table 3.9 of BS 8110
Based on Table 3.10 of BS 8110
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1.3 1.4
Ratio d2 /h =0.10 Ratio d/h =0.8
1.2
b
1.1 As f 1.2
/bh
yk d2
1.0
fck =
0.9 1.0 h Ac d
0.8 h
1.0
1.9 fy
0.7 k/
fck =
0.6 1.0
0.8 0.5 0.9 = 4As / h 2
0.4 0.8 0.
0.7 8 As = total steel area
N/bhfck
0.
N/h 2fck
0.3 7
0.2 0.
0.6 6
0.1 0.6 0.
5
0.5 0.
0 4
0.
3
0.4 0.
0.4 2
0.
1
0.3 0
0.2
0.2
0.1
0 0
0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.20 0.22 0.24 0.26 0.28
2
M/bh fck M/h 3fck
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Sectional areas per metre width for various bar spacings (mm2/m)
Rebar Tables BS 8666:2005 User Guide Bar Size (mm) Number of Bars
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
6* 28.3 56.6 84.9 113 142 170 198 226 255 283
Notation of steel reinforcement 8 50.3 101 151 201 252 302 352 402 453 503
Type of steel reinforcement Notation 10 78.5 157 236 314 393 471 550 628 707 785
For diameters 12mm, Grade B500A, Grade B500B or Grade B500C conforming to BS 4449:2005 H 12 113 226 339 452 566 679 792 905 1020 1130
For diameters > 12mm, Grade B500B or Grade B500C conforming to BS 4449:2005 16 201 402 603 804 1010 1210 1410 1610 1810 2010
Grade B500A conforming to BS 4449:2005 A 20 314 628 943 1260 1570 1890 2200 2510 2830 3140
Grade B500B or Grade B500C conforming to BS 4449:2005 B 25 491 982 1470 1960 2450 2950 3440 3930 4420 4910
Grade B500C conforming to BS 4449:2005 C 32 804 1610 2410 3220 4020 4830 5630 6430 7240 8040
A specified grade and type of ribbed stainless steel conforming to BS 6744:2001 S 40 1260 2510 3770 5030 6280 7540 8800 10100 11300 12600
Reinforcement of a type not included in the above list having material properties that X 50 1960 3930 5890 7850 9820 11800 13700 15700 17700 19600
are defined in the design or contract specification
Sectional areas of groups of bars (mm2)
NOTE: In the Grade description B500A, etc., B indicates reinforcing steel.
Bar Size (mm) Spacing of Bars
BS5400 Ultimate anchorage bond lengths and lap lengths as a multiple bar size 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300
6* 377 283 226 189 162 142 126 113 103 94.3
(for grade 500, type 2 deformed bars) 8 671 503 402 335 287 252 224 201 183 168
Condition Tension for Values of fcu (N/mm2) Compression for Values of fcu (N/mm2) 10 1050 785 628 523 449 393 349 314 285 262
20 25 30 40 20 25 30 40 12 1510 1130 905 754 646 566 503 452 411 377
Anchorage length 50 44 39 33 41 35 31 27 16 2680 2010 1610 1340 1150 1010 894 804 731 670
Lap length ( 1 =1.0) 50 44 39 33 41 35 31 27 20 4190 3140 2510 2090 1800 1570 1400 1260 1140 1050
Lap length ( 1 =1.4) 70 62 55 47 57 49 44 37 25 6550 4910 3930 3270 2810 2450 2180 1960 1790 1640
Lap length ( 1 =2.0) 100 88 78 66 81 70 62 53 32 10700 8040 6430 5360 4600 4020 3570 3220 2920 2680
40 16800 12600 10100 8380 7180 6280 5580 5030 4570 4190
NOTE: 1. = 1.0 for lapped bars in the corner of a section where the cover to both faces is at least 2 and, 50 26200 19600 15700 13100 11200 9820 8730 7850 7140 6540
for sets of bars in the same layer, the gaps between the sets are at least 150mm.
2. = 2.0 if either or both of the conditions above are not satisfied and the bars are at the top of a section as cast. NOTE: The above Tables have been calculated to three significant figures according to the B.S.I. recommendations.
3. = 1.4 for all other conditions. * Denotes non-preferred sizes.
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NOTES
EC2 Ultimate anchorage bond lengths and lap lengths 1. Cover to all sides and distance between bars 25 mm (i.e. 2 < 1)
2. 1 = 3 = 4 = 5 = 1.0
Bond Reinforcement in tension, Reinforcement 3. Design stress has been taken as 435 MPa. Where the design stress in the bar at the
condition bar diameter, (mm) in compression position from the where the anchorage is measured, sd, is less than 435 the figures
8 10 12 16 20 25 32 40 50 in this table can be factored by sd /435
4. The anchorage and lap lengths have been rounded up to the nearest 10 mm
Anchorage length, l bd Straight bars only Good 230 320 410 600 780 1010 1300 1760 2020 40 5. Where all the bars are lapped in one location, increase the lap lengths for Half the bars
Poor 330 450 580 850 1120 1450 1850 2510 2890 58 lapped in one location by a factor of 1.07
Other bars Good 320 410 490 650 810 1010 1300 1760 2020 40 6. The figures in this table have been prepared for concrete class C25/30; the following factors
may be used for other concrete classes
Poor 460 580 700 930 1160 1450 1850 2510 2890 58
Lap length, lo Half the bars lapped Good 320 440 570 830 1090 1420 1810 2460 2830 57 Concrete class C20/25 C28/35 C30/37 C32/40
in one location Poor 460 630 820 1190 1560 2020 2590 3520 4040 81 Factor 1.16 0.93 0.89 0.85
Third of the bars lapped Good 270 360 470 690 900 1170 1490 2020 2330 66 Concrete class C35/45 C40/50 C45/50 C50/60
in one location Poor 380 520 670 980 1280 1660 2130 2890 3320 46 Factor 0.80 0.73 0.68 0.63
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Fabric to BS 4483 Preferred meshes in stock size sheets 4.8m long 2.4m wide
Rebar Tables BS 8666:2005 User Guide Hook Trombone
5 5
fy = 500MPA
Minimum overall depth of various U-bars Minimum mandrel
British Standard Longitudinal wires Cross wires Mass diameter:
Reference size pitch area size pitch area A Mandrel dia. for 16mm
mm mm mm2/m mm mm mm2/m kg/m2 kg/sheet B 4 Mandrel dia. for >16mm
Square Mesh Fabric Mandrel dia. = 4
Mandrel dia. = 7
A 393 10 200 393 10 200 393 6.16 70.96
A 252 8 200 252 8 200 252 3.95 45.50
A 193 7 200 193 7 200 193 3.02 34.79 Bar Size 6 8 10 12 16 20 25 32 40 50
A 142 6 200 142 6 200 142 2.22 25.57 Hook A 40 50 60 75 100 180 225 290 360 450
Structural Fabric Trombone B 60 80 100 120 160 260 325 420 520 650
B1131 12 100 1131 8 200 252 10.9 125.57
B 785 10 100 785 8 200 252 8.14 93.77
B 503 8 100 503 8 200 252 5.93 68.31 Minimum L bar dimensions
B 385 7 100 385 7 200 193 4.53 52.19 Bar Size (mm) 6 8 10 12 16 20 25 32 40 50
B 283 6 100 283 7 200 193 3.73 42.97 Minimum radius for scheduling (mm) 12 16 20 24 32 70 87 112 140 175
Long Mesh Fabric Minimum end projection [C] (mm) 110 115 120 125 130 190 240 305 380 475
C 785 10 100 785 6 400 70.8 6.72 77.41
C 636 9 100 636 6 400 70.8 5.55 63.94
C 503 8 100 503 6 400 70.8 4.51 50.00
C 385 7 100 385 6 400 70.8 3.58 39.28 5d
(C)
C 283 6 100 283 6 400 70.8 2.78 30.07
Wrapping Mesh Fabric
D 98 5 200 98 5 200 98 1.54 17.74
D 49 2.5 100 49 2.5 100 49 0.77 8.87 (B)
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BS 8666:2005 Standard Shapes 33 - 99 Note: Some shape codes with 3 or more bends may have health & safety implications during manufacture.
For more information and advice on the production of BS8666 shape codes, please contact BAR.
33 34 35 36 41 44
Total length (L) = 2A + 1.7B + 2(C) - 4d Total length (L) = A + B + C + (E) - 0.5r - d Total length (L) = A + B + C + (E) - 0.5r - d Total length (L) = A + B + C + (D) - r - 2d Total length (L) = A + B + C + D + (E) - 2r - 4d Total length (L) = A + B + C + D + (E) - 2r - 4d
46 47 51 56 63 64
Total length (L) = A + 2B + C + (E) Total length (L) = 2A + B + 2C + 1.5r - 3d Total length (L) = 2(A + B + (C)) - 2.5r - 5d Total length (L) = A + B + C + (D) + 2(E) Total length (L) = 2A + 3B + 2(C) - 3r - 6d Total length (L) = A + B + C + 2D + E + (F)
- 2.5r - 5d - 3r - 6d
67 75 77 98 99
All other shapes where standard shapes cannot be used. No other shape
code number, form of designation or abbreviation shall be used in scheduling.
A dimensioned sketch shall be drawn over the dimension columns A to E.
Every dimension shall be specified and the dimension that is to allow for
permissible deviations shall be indicated in parenthesis, otherwise the fabricator
Total length (L) = A Total length (L) = (A - d) + (B) Total length (L) = C.. (A - d) Total length (L) = A + 2B + C + (D) -2r - 4d is free to choose which dimension shall allow for tolerance.
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BS 8666:2005 Standard Shapes 00 - 32 Note: Some shape codes with 3 or more bends may have health & safety implications during manufacture.
For more information and advice on the production of BS8666 shape codes, please contact BAR.
00 01 11 12 13 14
Total length (L) = A Total length (L) = A, stock lengths Total length (L) = A + (B) - 0.5r - d Total length (L) = A + (B) - 0.5r - d Total length (L) = A + 0.57B + (C) - 1.6d Total length (L) = A + (C) - 4d
15 21 22 23 24 25
Total length (L) = A + (C) Total length (L) = A + B + (C) - r - 2d Total length (L) = A + B + C + (D) - 1.5r - 3d Total length (L) = A + B + (C) - r - 2d Total length (L) = A + B + (C) Total length (L) = A + B + (E)
26 27 28 29 31 32
Total length (L) = A + B + (C) Total length (L) = A + B + (C) - 0.5r - d Total length (L) = A + B + (C) - 0.5r - d Total length (L) = A + B + (C) - r - 2d Total length (L) = A + B + C + (D) - 1.5r - 3d Total length (L) = A + B + C + (D) - 1.5r - 3d
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