Biochem - Chapter 8 [Lipids and Proteins Are Associated in

Biological Membranes]
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1. A major difficulty in [all of these] 12. Glycoproteins on the cell surface [all of these are
extracting receptor A. it is difficult to remove are involved in this type of correct.]
proteins from membranes the proteins from the function: A. Cell
is that membrane without identification
denaturation B. Receptor sites
B. there may be very few C. Immune
molecules of the protein in function
a cell D. Cell
C. receptor proteins tend identification and
to have high molecular receptor sites
weights 13. How does cholesterol affect It tends to
2. Aspirin produces most of inhibiting the synthesis of membrane fluidity? decrease the
its analgesic effects by prostaglandins fluidity.
3. A useful method for nuclear magnetic
[decreases at high
studying membrane resonance
temperatures]
proteins in place in the
[increases at low
membrane is
temperatures]
4. Biological waxes are a fatty acid and a long-
14. How does the presence of cis They tend to
composed of chain alcohol.
double bonds in fatty acids affect increase the
5. Cell membranes typically The two leaves of a bilayer membrane fluidity? fluidity.
display asymmetry. What contain different
15. How do the membranes of plant Animal cell
does this mean? collections of lipids and
and animal cells compare? membranes tend
proteins.
to be more rigid
6. Cholesterol is particularly True than those of
important as a component plant cells.
of animal membranes.
16. How many hydroxyl groups does a 3
7. Facilitated diffusion a carrier protein to which molecule of glycerol have?
requires the transported substance
17. I find that briefly washing cells in a This is a
binds
buffered solution at pH 11 is peripheral
8. Fatty acids with multiple False effective for isolating a cell membrane protein
double bonds are usually membrane-associated hormone that probably
conjugated. receptor. (A standard growth interacts with
9. Glycolipids are Sugars solution for the cells is pH 7.) membrane
characterized by containing Which of following best fits this phospholipids
the following non-lipid description? using lysine-
component: mediated salt
bridges.
10. Glycolipids are particularly Membranes, the brain and
important in these the nervous system. 18. In the fluid mosaic model of the proteins "float"
structures: membrane structure in the lipid bilayer
[incorrect] 19. In the operation of the sodium- a membrane
Lipoproteins. potassium pump protein is
11. Glycolipids on the surface True phosphorylated
of cells are especially with ATP as the
important as cell markers. source of the
phosphate group
20. In the sodium-potassium sodium is transported 33. The association of membrane hydrophobic
pump out of the cell and proteins with lipids in the interactions
potassium into the membrane bilayer always
cell, both against involves
concentration 34. The degree of membrane the percentage of
gradients
fluidity depends on unsaturated fatty acids
21. Lipids differ from most other True 35. The difference between active one requires
biomolecules because they are
transport and passive expenditure of energy
defined on the basis of
transport is that by the cell and the other
solubility, rather than on their
does not.
chemical structure.
36. The distribution of lipids in uneven, with bulkier
22. Liposomes are artificial membrane-
membranes is molecules on the
bounded structures
exterior
used to deliver
medications. 37. The following lipid vitamin More than one reacts
has important involvement with calcium ion.
23. Membrane lipids in a lipid hydrophobic
with calcium ions:
bilayer are held together by interactions
24. Membranes are generally False A. A
symmetrical, i.e., the outer face B. D
is composed of the same C. E
number and types of D. K
phospholipids as the inner E. More than one reacts with
face. calcium ion.
25. Multiple sclerosis is True 38. The following lipid vitamin is E
characterized by destruction of often used to preserve foods
the myelin sheath. from spoiling:
26. Passive transport is the same facilitated diffusion 39. The freeze-fracture integral membrane
as: technique of electron proteins can be seen in
microscopy is useful in association with one
27. Phospholipids are particularly [All of these are
studying membrane structure leaflet of the lipid
important in these structures: correct.]
because bilayer
A. Membranes.
B. Lipoproteins. 40. The HDL class of lipoprotein True
C. The brain and is generally believed to be
nervous system. preventative of heart disease.
D. Membranes, the 41. The key reaction of eyesight [All of these.]
brain and the nervous
(in dim light) involving A. Reaction of the
system.
vitamin A is: protein complex called
28. Plants need cholesterol in their False Rhodopsin.
membranes to counteract the B. A cis-trans
rigidity of the cell wall. isomerization of a
double bond.
29. Protein #2 would most likely Carrier
C. Bleaching of a
function as a: exhibit 8A]
pigment in the retina.
30. Rickets is caused by a vitamin D. D. Reaction of
deficiency in Rhodopsin and cis-
31. Saponification is the hydrolysis ester bond trans isomerization of a
of a(n) double bond.

32. Sphingolipids are particularly Membranes, the brain

important in these structures: and the nervous
system.

[incorrect]
Lipoproteins.
42. The mechanism of [All of these are correct.] 49. Transport of a compound across a cell facilitated
membrane transport may A. ATP hydrolysis. membrane (down a concentration diffusion
involve the following: B. Conformation change of gradient) was measured at several
membrane proteins. concentrations. The presence or absence
C. Phosphorylation or of ATP had no effect on the transport of
dephosphorylation of this compound. Which best describes the
membrane proteins. mechanism of transport?
D. ATP hydrolysis and
conformation change of Concentration Difference,
membrane proteins. M Transport Rate,
mol/min
43. The myelin sheaths of sphingolipids
2.5 30
neurons typically contain
5 60
large amounts of
10 100
44. The order-disorder [all of these] 25 175
transition (melting) in A. is cooperative 50 200
membranes B. can be monitored by
50. Unsaturated fatty acids usually have ____ cis
fluorescence techniques
double bonds.
C. can be monitored by
spin labeling 51. Vitamin E has all of the following B. It can be
properties, except: made in the
45. There are likely to be huge True
sunshine.
stores of lipid vitamins in
healthy animals.
[correct]
46. These two lipid vitamins A and E A. It is an
are often found in antioxidant.
membranes: C. It is
47. The vitamin classified as fat vitamin A essential for
soluble rather than water at least some
soluble is [Water soluble] mammal's
B. vitamin B1 fertility.
C. vitamin B6 D. It is often
D. vitamin C a component
of
48. The vitamin needed for vitamin K
membranes.
blood coagulation is
E. All of
these
describe
vitamin E.
52. What characteristic is most used to solubility
define lipids?
53. What distinguishes primary from The type of
secondary active transport? linkage to
ATP
hydrolysis
54. What does amphipathic mean? having both
hydrophilic
and
hydrophobic
regions
55. What kinds of bonds do lipase break in esters
order to release fatty acids from
triacylglycerols?
56. When a membrane reaches its False 66. Which of the following groups is Choline
transition temperature, integral not present in a phosphatidic acid?
membrane proteins dissociate from 67. Which of the following groups is [all of these are
the bilayer.
not present in lecithin? components of
57. Where can membrane proteins be [in either lecithin.]
located? position] A. Choline
A. entirely B. Fatty acids
within the C. Glycerol
membrane D. Phosphate
B. on the 68. Which of the following groups is Sugar
surface of the
not present in sphingomyelin?
membrane
[present]
58. Which of the following alcohols is [All of these can A. Sphingosine
never found in phosphatides? be components B. Fatty acid
of C. Phosphate
phosphatides.] 69. Which of the following is a arachidonic acid.
A. Ethanolamine
metabolic precursor of
B. Serine
prostaglandins & leukotrienes?
C. Inositol
D. Sugars
A. vitamin A.
59. Which of the following best describes They are B. arachidonic acid.
lipids' insolubility in water? typically C. sphingomyelin.
insoluble. D. cholesterol.
60. Which of the following cell types animal 70. Which of the following is not a Presence of trans
contains cholesterol? characteristic of most fatty acids? double bonds.
A. Presence of trans double bonds.
61. Which of the following compounds triacylglycerols
B. Even number of carbon atoms. [correct]
yields the most energy per gram?
C. Only one carboxyl (-COOH) group. B. Even number
62. Which of the following does not Cholesterol D. Absence of conjugated double of carbon atoms.
belong in the list? bonds. C. Only one
E. All of these characterize lipids. carboxyl (-
A. Retinol COOH) group.
B. Vitamin A D. Absence of
C. beta-carotene conjugated
D. Cholesterol double bonds.
63. Which of the following four fatty 2 71. Which of the following is not a C. Blood clotting
acids has the highest melting point? function or characteristic of
membrane proteins? [true]
1. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2COOH A. Transport
2. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2 A. Transport B. Catalytic
CH2COOH B. Catalytic activity activity
3. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2COOH C. Blood clotting D. Receptor sites
4. CH3CH=CHCH2CH2COOH D. Receptor sites
64. Which of the following four fatty 4 72. Which of the following is not a Ascorbic Acid
acids has the lowest melting point? lipid-soluble vitamin?
[Lipid soluble]
1. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2COOH A. Ascorbic Acid B. Cholicalciferol
2. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2 B. Cholicalciferol C. Vitamin K
CH2COOH C. Vitamin K D. Retinol
3. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2COOH D. Retinol E. Tocopherol
4. CH3CH=CHCH2CH2COOH E. Tocopherol
65. Which of the following groups is not Phosphate
present in a cerebroside?
73. Which of the following is
not a product of
saponification of a
triglyceride?
A. Long chain fatty
alcohols.
B. The salt of the fatty
acids.
C. Soaps.
D. Glycerol.
E. All of these are products
of saponification.
74. Which of the following is
not true?
A. Plant oils are favored in
the diet because they
generally contain more
unsaturated fats than
found in animal fats.
B. Unsaturated fatty acids
are healthier for humans
than saturated ones
C. Heart disease can be
correlated with diets high
in saturated fatty acids
D. Unsaturated fatty acids
lead to higher levels of LDL
than saturated fatty acids
do
75. Which of the following is
not true?
A. Receptors are often
invaginated into the cell
after binding to their
specific molecule.
B. A given receptor type is
present at a constant level
on the outside of a cell
C. In certain disease states,
the level of a given receptor
is increased or decreased
D. Binding of receptors to
ligands sometimes shows
hyperbolic binding curves
Long chain fatty alcohols. 76.
D. Unsaturated fatty acids
lead to higher levels of
LDL than saturated fatty
acids do
77.
[correct]
A. Plant oils are favored in
the diet because they
generally contain more
unsaturated fats than
found in animal fats.
B. Unsaturated fatty acids
are healthier for humans
than saturated ones
C. Heart disease can be
correlated with diets high
in saturated fatty acids
B. A given receptor type is
present at a constant level
on the outside of a cell
[correct]
A. Receptors are often
invaginated into the cell
after binding to their
specific molecule.
C. In certain disease
states, the level of a given
receptor is increased or
decreased
D. Binding of receptors to
ligands sometimes shows
hyperbolic binding curves
Which of the following is Membranes are a fluid
the best phrase to describe mosaic of lipids and
the modern view of proteins.
membrane structure?
A. Membranes are lipid-lipid
bilayers.
B. Membranes are lipid-lipid
bilayers with associated
proteins.
C. Membranes are composed
solely of lipids and proteins.
D. Membranes are a fluid
mosaic of lipids and
proteins.
E. Membranes are found only
in eukaryotic cells.
Which of the following is Fatty acids with an odd
true? number of carbons are
more rare than those with
A. All fatty acids have an an even number
even number of carbons
B. Most fatty acids have an
odd number of carbons
C. Fatty acids are equally
likely to have an even
number of carbons as they
are an odd number
D. Fatty acids with an odd
number of carbons are more
rare than those with an even
number
78. Which of the following is
true?
A. Fatty acids with trans
double bonds may be
particularly unhealthy
because they increase the
ratio of LDLs to HDLs.
B. A fatty acid with 14
carbons and one trans
double bond will behave
more like a saturated fatty
acid with 14 carbons than
will an unsaturated fatty
acid with a cis double
bond.
C. Fatty acids with trans
double bonds can be
formed by hydrogenation
reaction of polyunsaturated
fatty acids
D. fatty acids with trans
double bonds tend to have
higher melting points than
those with cis double
bonds all else being equal
79. Which of the following
lipid molecules possess a
different fundamental
structural make-up from
the others?
80. Which of the following
lipids is not found in
biological membranes?
81. Which of the following
methods of transport
across a membrane does
not require a protein?
A. Passive transport
B. Facilitated transport
C. Active Transport
D. Simple diffusion
82. Which of the following
molecules is not
amphipathic?
83. Which of the following
statements concerning
active transport is true?
[All of these are correct]
A. Fatty acids with trans
double bonds may be
particularly unhealthy
because they increase the
ratio of LDLs to HDLs.
B. A fatty acid with 14
carbons and one trans
double bond will behave
more like a saturated fatty
acid with 14 carbons than
will an unsaturated fatty
acid with a cis double
bond.
C. Fatty acids with trans
double bonds can be
formed by hydrogenation
reaction of
polyunsaturated fatty
acids
D. fatty acids with trans
double bonds tend to
have higher melting
points than those with cis
double bonds all else
being equal
Cholesterol
A. triacylglycerols
[correct]
B. phosphoacylglycerols
C. glycolipids
D. cholesterol
D. Simple diffusion
[DOES require a protein]
A. Passive transport
B. Facilitated transport
C. Active Transport
glucose
A membrane-associate
protein must be involved.
84. Which of the following The fatty acids in
statements is true? both triacylglycerols
and in
A. All triacylglycerols and all phosphoacylglycerols
phosphoacylglycerols have the vary.
same fatty acids in them.
B. All triacylglycerols have the
same fatty acids, but the fatty
acids in phosphoacylglycerols
vary.
C. The fatty acids in
triacylglycerols vary, but all
phosphoacylglycerols have the
same fatty acids in them.
D. The fatty acids in both
triacylglycerols and in
phosphoacylglycerols vary.
85. Which of the following Add a detergent.
treatments would be most
useful in separating an integral
membrane protein from the
lipid component of a cell
membrane?
86. Which of the following would Phosphoacylglyerol
not be enriched on the outer
side of the lipid bilayer
compared to the inner side?
87. Which property has not been A. energy storage
observed for membrane
proteins? [correct]
B. transport of
substances into and
out of the cell
C. catalysis
(enzymatic activity)
D. acting as a
receptor
88. Which protein might help to More than one could
identify the cell type? [exhibit help identify the cell
8A] type.
89. Which protein would likely be 1
involved in a channel? [exhibit
8A]
90. With what compound are fatty glycerol
acids reacted to make a fat or
oil?