RA- 9173 Law of Nursing
Motivation & Productivity
Management is the art og getting things
done through and with people in formally
organized groups
---- Harold Koontz
To manage is to ___ and to plan, to
organize, to command, to coordinate and to
___
---- Henri Fayol
Management is a multi-purpose organ that
manages business and manages managers
and manages workers and work
---- Peter Drucker
What is Management
A process or series of continuing and
related activities
The process of dealing with or
controlling things or people
The process of reaching
organizational goals by working with
and through people and other
organizational resources
14 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGING (Fayol)
1. Division of work
a. Specialization promotes
efficiency
b. Increase productivity
c. Increase accuracy and speed
2. Authority & Responsibility
a. To get things done
b. Power
c. The right to give orders
3. Discipline
a. Obedience
b. Form of good conduct
c. Respectful interactions
4. Unity of command
a. Receive orders from one
managers
5. Unity of direction
a. Focus and Unity
b. Activities must be carried out
by one group that forms a team
c. Focus areas are the efforts
made by the employees &
coordination
6. Subordination of Individual Interest
a. Personal interest are
subordinates
b. Organizational objectives and
not on these of the individual
7. Renumeration
a.
b. Sufficient to keep
c. 2 TYPES
i. Non-monetary-
compliment, more
responsibilities, credits
ii. Monetary-
compensation, bonus or
other financial
compensation
8. The degree of centralization
a. Concentration of decision
making authority at the top
management
b. Sharing of authorities for
9. Scalar chain
a. Henri Fayols Heirarchy- should
be clear line in the area
10. Order
a. Right resources
b. Responsibilities of the
managers
c. Work environment (safe-clean-
tidy)
11. Equity
a. Employees must be treated
kindly and equally, fairly and
impartially
b. Fairness
12. Stability of tenure of personnel
a. Have the right staff in the right
place
b. Minimize employee turnover
13. Initiative
a. Source of strength for the
organization
b. Encourages interest and
involvement
14.Espirit de Corps
a. Stands for the involvement and
UNITY OF EMPLOYEES
b. Development of morale in the
workplace
c. Creates atmosphere of mutual
trust and understanding
Theory or theories of management
Contemporary management theory
o a class of Behavioral Theory
o claims there is no best way to
organize a corporation, to head
a company, or to make
decisions
o the optimal course of action is
contingent (dependent) upon
the internal
Scientific Approach
 o Frederick Winslow Taylor- could enhance the
founder workplace and
o Worker would be motivated to positively impact
be more efficient and productivity
productive Conditions varying
o Change the role of managers the rooms lighting
from one of bullying workers- levels, number of
turned them into skilled employees, rest
employees who is efficient thus breaks, required
increasing production working hours,
o Pay related performance, availability of
financial incentive, bonuses meals, room
Administrative approach temperature,
o Henri Fayol variation, and
o All of the tasks required to other
conduct our lives could be environmental
categorized into one of the 5 workplace
functions changes
Plannning Result revealed
Organizing o Employees-
Commanding felt valued
Coordinating as an
Controlling individual
Bureaucratic Approach o Employees
o Max Weber (Sociologist- formed
Germany) great social
o Hierarchal structure- clear bonds, saw
designation of authority themselves
o Elevated position has the as part of a
power select
o Viewed- bureaucracy with group, & felt
goals to be met of the expense they had
of individuality or personal the freedom
contribution to make
o Operate more efficiently workplace
o Adhere to a strict set of choices
guidelines Perform better if
Humans Relations Approach observed
o Herbergs Hygiene theory of MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS
Job Satisfaction - Planning
To increase motivation - Organizing
and involvement - Staffing
o Mc Gregors Theory X and Y - Directing
approach - Controlling
Theory X
Negative theory TERMS:
Lazy 1. Planning- projection of action or
Required threats desired results in a time period that
as a means of has not years been arrived, whether
motivation minutes or years into future.
Theory Y 2. Organizing- establishment of the
Workhard structure within which work gets
o Elton Mayo (Prof @ Harvard) accomplished
Hawthorne studies 3. Coordinating- synchronizing activities
Proved that and participants (so that they
meeting social function smoothly w/ one another)
needs of workers 4. Controlling- follow-up & correction PRN
 5. Unity of Command- for each task that TYPES OF PLANNING:
must be done, the employee who 1. STRATEGIC PLANS
performs it, is directly accountable to 2. OPERATIONAL PLANS
someone for completion
6. Span of Control- the number of
employees who report to a single Time Management
leader - Found on intelligent planning &
7. Objectives- are the END towards decision making
which the activities of an - Efficiency & determination of the
organization are DIRECTED most effective/ best available means
8. Policies- framework within decision of fulfilling task
makers. - Finding the most efficient way of
9. Procedures- specification prescribed doing

10.Methods- means by which each PRINCIPLES OF TIME MANAGEMENT

operation is performed 1. Planning for contingencies
11.Rules- what is to BE DONE & NOT TO 2. Listing of Tasks (calendar of activities)
BE DONE. 3. Inventory (Tasks DONE NOT DONE)
12. Strategy- firms overall plan for 4. Sequencing.. Prioritizing acts.
dealing with and existing in the 5. Keeping deadlines! DO NOT
environment. PROCRASTINATE
6. Decide how much time will be spent
PLANNING (time frame or targets)
Most fundamental 7. Delegate tasks that can be done by
Logically precedes all other functions another, can accomplish on time!
Projection of action = BLUEPRINT for
future Why do we need TM?
Expression of what we wish to Increase productivity & efficiency
accomplish Prioritize your work
Prediction of what might occur in the Achieve better results
future More quality work
Begins with Questions: WHAT & WHY
then, HOW WHEN WHO WHERE Mismanagement
Sick
Advantages/ Merit Disadvantages
No sleep
Reduces uncertainty Limitations of forecasts
Worry/anxiety
Ensures economical Rigidity in
operations administration Stress
Facilitates control Time consuming
process MULTITASKING
Improves motivation Costly affair # Results when time is not enough or
Gives competitive Influence of external property allocated to be able to finish task
edge factors EFFECT?
Avoids duplication Psychological factors o End of result in haphazard
of efforts manner
o Several tasks done at once!
BENEFITS OF PLANNING. WHY PLAN?
1. Reduces procrastination, ensures TOOLS IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT
continuity 1. Gannt Chart
2. Provides for more intelligent use of
resources
3. Improves chances of doing things 2. Performance evaluation & Review
RIGHT the FIRST TIME, reducing technique (PERT)
chances of FALSE STARTS
4. Helps decide short term and long
term goals. 3. Critical Path Method
5. Helps make decision faster.
BUDGET? What is it?
an itemized summary of likey income
and expenses for a given period
generally a list of all planned
expenses and reserves
plan for SAVING and SPENDING for
the near future

ROLE of BUDGET
- an organizations operation plan for a
specified period
- it identifies the resources &
commitments required to fulfill the
organizations goals for the period
#BUDGET is
Plan for operations,
a basis of allocation
systematic financial translation of
a plan, allocation of scarce
resources on the basis of
forecasted period of time.
Tool for planning, monitoring &
controlling cost & meeting
expenses

COMPONENTS OF INSTITUTIONAL BUDGET

1. Manpower Budget
a. Wage salaries of regular
employees, fees ____ to outside
registries the institution
contracts short term employees
b. Capital expenditures
large expenditures
c. Oprational

FACTORS in budget planning (Hospital)

1. Patient- nature of needs, consition,
length of stay
2. Hospital/health care facility bed
capacity
3. Personnel salaries & benefits, staff
development
4. Standard of nursing care supervision-
cot of training & maintaining
personnel.