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Objetivo: Minimizar la enfermedad "Roa de la papa"

control 12 10 24 29 30 18 32
otoo 1200 10 4 4 5
otoo 600 16 10 18 18
otoo 300 9 9 16 4
prim. 1200 17 7 16 17
prim. 600 18 24 12 19
prim. 300 30 7 21 9

media total 15.65625 ANALISIS DE VARIANZA (ANOVA)


Fuente de Grados de Suma de Cuadrados
variacin libertad cuadrados medios f Calculada
Tratamiento
15.62625 Sctrat S 6 972.34375 162.057292 3.60808843
22.625 388.507813 Error 25 1122.875 44.915
5.75 392.535156 Total 31 2095.21875
15.5 0.09765625
9.5 151.597656
14.25 7.91015625
18.25 26.9101563
16.75 4.78515625
972.34375

489.875 112.890625 159.390625 1.890625 40.640625 54.390625Se 21.390625


formula la prueba de hiptesis donde:
87.890625
H0: M control = M012 0= M06 =M03 = MP12 = M
24.75 18.0625 3.0625 3.0625 0.5625 H1: Al menos dos de las medias son diferentes
43 0.25 30.25 6.25 6.25
73 0.25 0.25 42.25 30.25
70.75 7.5625 52.5625 3.0625 7.5625
72.75 0.0625 33.0625 39.0625 0.5625
348.75 175.5625 95.0625 18.0625 60.0625
Scerror 1122.875

LI LS

O12-Control -28.161104 Yi-Yj -5.5888965 Prueba LSD


O6-Control -18.411104 Yi-Yj 4.16110353 LI
O3-Control -24.411104 Yi-Yj -1.8388965 t 2.060 O12vs 03 -12.202424
P12-Control -19.661104 Yi-Yj 2.91110353 S 6.70186541 O6vs 03 -2.4524238
P6-Control -15.661104 Yi-Yj 6.91110353 Raiz 0.61237244 P12 VS P03 -3.7024238
P3-Control -17.161104 Yi-Yj 5.41110353 8.45242375 P6 VS P03 -1.2024238

4.5

4
4.5
D 2.75 4
S 6.70186541
Raiz 0.61237244 3.5
11.2861035 3

2.5 O12vs 03
O6vs 03
2 P12 VS P03
P6 VS P03
1.5

0.5

0
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
Analisis de un experimento completamente al azar
26 22.625 La siguiente tabla muestra los resultados de un estudio sobre los efectos de la aplicac
5.75 de azufre en la reduccin de una enfermedad de la papa ("roa de la papa"). La idea d
aplicar azufre es que la acidez del suelo se incrementa y dicha enfermedad no se
15.5 desarrolla bien en medios acidos. Se probaron tres niveles de aplicacin: 300, 600 7 1
9.5 libras de azufre por acre. Ademas, se considero de interes comprar la temporada de
14.25 aplicacin: otoo o primavera.
La respuesta observada en el campo es un indice de enfermedad: de cada lote se
18.25 seleccionan 100 papas al azar, se evalua cada una con una metrica de 0 a 100% de
16.75 infeccin y el valor reportado es el promedio de las 100 evaluaciones. Este proceso de
evaluacin se hizo en el cada uno de los 32 lotes usados en el experimento.

A)

Valor P

0.0103 i C12 O12 O6 O3


1 10 4 10 4
2 12 4 16 9
3 18 5 18 9
4 24 10 18 16
5 26
6 29
7 30
8 32

ueba de hiptesis donde:


11.390625 Promedio 22.625 5.75 15.5 9.5
M012 0= M06 =M03 = MP12 = MP6 = MP3
s de las medias son diferentes

U1 U2 U3
2.25 4.5 6.75

C12 O12 O6
Q1 13.5 4 11.5
Q2 25 4.5 17
Q3 29.75 8.75 18
RI + 54.125 15.875 27.75
RI - -10.875 -3.125 1.75

Intercuartilico 16.25 4.75 6.5

LSD
LS
-1.0475762
-1.0475762
-1.0475762
-1.0475762
O12-Control
O6-Control
O12vs 03 O3-Control
O6vs 03 P12-Control
P12 VS P03 P6-Control
P6 VS P03 P3-Control

20

-30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10


mente al azar
bre los efectos de la aplicacin
"roa de la papa"). La idea de
cha enfermedad no se
de aplicacin: 300, 600 7 1200
comprar la temporada de

medad: de cada lote se


metrica de 0 a 100% de
aluaciones. Este proceso de
n el experimento.

P12 P6 P3
7 12 7
16 18 9
17 19 21
17 24 30

14.25 18.25 16.75

U1 U2 U3
1.25 2.5 3.75

O3 P12 P6 P3
5.25 9.25 13.5 7.5
9 16.5 18.5 15
14.25 17 22.75 27.75
27.75 28.625 36.625 58.125
-8.25 -2.375 -0.375 -22.875

9 7.75 9.25 20.25

5
7

5
Row 32
4 Row 31
O12-Control Row 30
O6-Control Row 29
3
O3-Control Row 28
P12-Control
2
P6-Control
P3-Control
1

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140


Peso
porcentual Observaciones
del algodn
1 2 3 4 5 media
15 7 7 15 11 9 9.8
20 12 17 12 18 18 15.4
25 14 18 18 19 19 17.6
30 19 25 22 19 23 21.6
35 7 10 11 15 11 10.8

Media Total 15.04

ANOVA 16.7
FUENTE G.L SC CM F CALCULADA VALOR P 11.8
Tratamientos 4 475.76 118.94 14.756823821 9.1279E-06 15.4
Error 20 161.2 8.06 15.6
Total 24 636.96 16.4
16
Prueba TUKEY
LI LS
Q 2.99813275 20 VS 15 0.21670257 Yi-Yj 10.9832974
S 2.83901391 25 VS 15 2.41670257 Yi-Yj 13.1832974
Raiz 0.63245553 30 VS 15 6.41670257 Yi-Yj 17.1832974
5.38329743 35 VS 15 -4.3832974 Yi-Yj 6.38329743
25 vs 20 -3.1832974 Yi-Yj 7.58329743
30 vs 20 0.81670257 Yi-Yj 11.5832974
35 vs 20 -9.9832974 Yi-Yj 0.78329743
30 vs 25 -1.3832974 Yi-Yj 9.38329743
35 vs 25 -12.183297 Yi-Yj -1.4167026
35 vs 30 -16.183297 Yi-Yj -5.4167026

Prueba HSU
LI LS
d 2.305 15 vs 30 -15.938743 -7.6612571
s 2.83901391 20 vs 30 -10.338743 -2.0612571
raiz 0.63245553 25 vs 30 -8.1387429 0.13874288
4.13874288 35 vs 30 -4.1387429 -6.6612571 -20 -15 -10 -5
1 2 3 4 5
Q1 13.25 19.5 11.25 19.75 20.25
Q2 15 18.5 21 19.5 19.5
Q3 22.75 30.25 25 19 26
intercuartilico 9.5 10.75 13.75 -0.75 5.75
RI+ 37 46.375 45.625 17.875 34.625
RI- -1 3.375 -9.375 20.875 11.625

Sctrat 1 2 3 4 5
137.288 44.8 7.84 7.84 27.04 1.44 0.64
0.648 39.2 11.56 2.56 11.56 6.76 6.76
32.768 17.2 12.96 0.16 0.16 1.96 1.96
215.168 27.2 6.76 11.56 0.16 6.76 1.96
89.888 32.8 14.44 0.64 0.04 17.64 0.04
475.76 Serror 161.2

20 VS 15
25 VS 15
30 VS 15
35 VS 15
25 vs 20
30 vs 20
35 vs 20
30 vs 25
35 vs 25
35 vs 30

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
C1 C2 C3 C4
8.69 8 17.39 10.37
6.68 16.41 13.73 9.16
6.83 12.43 15.62 8.13
6.43 10.99 17.05 4.4
10.3 15.53 15.42 10.38

Clona Promedio Sctrat


C1 8.69 6.68 6.83 6.43 10.3 7.786 11.634921
C2 8 16.41 12.43 10.99 15.53 12.672 2.175625
C3 17.39 13.73 15.62 17.05 15.42 15.842 21.576025
C4 10.37 9.16 8.13 4.4 10.38 8.488 7.338681
Media total 11.197 42.725252
ANOVA
FUENTE GL SC CM F CALCU VALOR P
TRATAMIENTO 4 42.725252 10.681313 0.29822151 0.87455155
ERROR 15 537.25064 35.8167093
TOTAL 19 579.975892

Y Ajustes Residuos
8.69 7.786 0.904 Ajustes vs Residuos
6.68 7.786 -1.106
6
6.83 7.786 -0.956
6.43 7.786 -1.356
4
10.3 7.786 2.514
8 12.672 -4.672 2
16.41 12.672 3.738 Resid
12.43 12.672 -0.242 0
10.99 12.672 -1.682 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
15.53 12.672 2.858 -2
17.39 15.842 1.548
-4
13.73 15.842 -2.112
15.62 15.842 -0.222 -6
17.05 15.842 1.208
15.42 15.842 -0.422
10.37 8.488 1.882
9.16 8.488 0.672
8.13 8.488 -0.358
4.4 8.488 -4.088
10.38 8.488 1.892

Residuos i Residuos ord. Estandar F(Yi) 1-F(Yi) F(Yin-1) A^2


0.904 1 -4.672 -2.1356776 0.01635285 0.98364715 0.04375096 -7.2425947
-1.106 2 -4.088 -1.8687179 0.03083104 0.96916896 0.09569862 -17.477354
-0.956 3 -2.112 -0.9654433 0.16716141 0.83283859 0.12523539 -19.331778
-1.356 4 -1.682 -0.7688805 0.22098213 0.77901787 0.19355335 -22.063129
2.514 5 -1.356 -0.6198585 0.26767548 0.73232452 0.19481046 -26.583373
-4.672 6 -1.106 -0.5055778 0.30657654 0.69342346 0.23958876 -28.722311
3.738 7 -0.956 -0.4370094 0.33105228 0.66894772 0.29040419 -30.445487
-0.242 8 -0.422 -0.1929058 0.42351637 0.57648363 0.33971576 -29.082137
-1.682 9 -0.358 -0.16365 0.43500336 0.56499664 0.37935071 -30.628826
2.858 10 -0.242 -0.1106237 0.45595737 0.54404263 0.54041578 -26.614676
1.548 11 -0.222 -0.1014813 0.45958422 0.54041578 0.54404263 -29.109376
-2.112 12 0.672 0.3071865 0.62064929 0.37935071 0.56499664 -24.102266
-0.222 13 0.904 0.41323898 0.66028424 0.33971576 0.57648363 -24.14733
1.208 14 1.208 0.5522043 0.70959581 0.29040419 0.66894772 -20.117946
-0.422 15 1.548 0.70762605 0.76041124 0.23958876 0.69342346 -18.560299
1.882 16 1.882 0.86030505 0.80518954 0.19481046 0.73232452 -16.374482
0.672 17 1.892 0.86487628 0.80644665 0.19355335 0.77901787 -15.339681
-0.358 18 2.514 1.14920664 0.87476461 0.12523539 0.83283859 -11.085056
-4.088 19 2.858 1.30645687 0.90430138 0.09569862 0.96916896 -4.8806294
1.892 20 3.738 1.70872491 0.95624904 0.04375096 0.98364715 -2.3877724
-404.2965
-8.8818E-16 A^2 0.21482517
2.18759613 AD 0.22408951
Valor P 0.10459328

Prueba LSD de Fisher 7


LI LS
t 2.1314495456 C1 vs C2 -12.953666 Yi-Yj 3.18166569 6
s 5.9847062863 C1 vs C3 -16.123666 Yi-Yj -8.056
5
Raz 0.632455532 C1 vs C4 -8.7696657 Yi-Yj -0.702
* 8.0676656923 C2 vs C3 -11.237666 Yi-Yj 4.89766569
4
C2 vs C4 -3.8836657 Yi-Yj 12.2516657
C3 vs C4 -0.7136657 Yi-Yj 15.4216657 3

0
-20 -15 -10 -5
18. Se cultivaron cuatro diferentes clonas de agave tequila
bajo un
mismo esquema de manejo. Se quiere saber qu clona es la que
responde mejor a dicho manejo, evaluando el nivel de respuesta con
el porcentaje de azcares reductores totales en base hmeda.
Los datos se muestran a continuacin:

Scerror a) Mediante ANOVA, compare las medias de las clonas y verifique


11.11332 residuales.
b) Hay una clona que haya respondido mejor al esquema de
166.22106 manejo? Argumente su respuesta.
333.03916 c) En caso de que exista un empate estadstico entre dos o ms
clonas, qu propondra para desempatar?
26.8771
537.25064

duos

Residuos

15 16 17

Los residuos se comportan de una manera


homogenea se cumple el supuesto de una
disdtribucin normal
se rechaza la hiptesis nula H0 por que el valor p es
mayor al valor de significancia de 0.05 y se acepta la
hiptesis nula H1

5
C1 vs C2
C1 vs C3
C1 vs C"/C2 vs C3 / C1 VS C3 /C3 vs C4
4 Se acepta la hipteis nula H0 ya que los valores estan
C1 vs C4 dentro del 0.
3 C2 vs C3
C2 vs C4 C1vs C3 / C1 vs C4
2 C3 vs C4 se reschaza la hipotesis nula H0 y se acepta la
hiptesis alternativa; porque nos datos no continen
al 0.
1

0
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
3 /C3 vs C4
0 ya que los valores estan

a H0 y se acepta la
e nos datos no continen
CONTROL 213 214 204 208 212 200
T2 76 85 74 78 82 75
T3 57 67 55 64 61 63
T4 84 82 85 92 87 79

ANOVA
FUENTE GL SC CM F CALCU VALOR P
TRATAMIENTO 3 95041.25 31680.4167 1558.96602 1.2606E-27
ERROR 24 487.71428571 20.3214286
TOTAL 27 95528.964286 3538.10979

PRUEBA DUNET
D 2.51 LI LS
S 4.5079295216 T2-CONTROL -135.47664 -123.3805
RAIZ 0.5345224838 T3-CONTROL -152.90521 -140.80907
6.0480701088 T4-CONTROL -128.76236 -116.66622

Prueba FISHER
LI LS -160 -155 -150 -145 -140 -135 -
t 2.0638985616 Control vs T2 124.455423 129.973149
S 4.5079295216 Control vs T3 141.883994 151.830292 7
Raiz 0.5345224838 Control vs T4 117.741137 127.687434
4.9731486845 6

0
0 20 40 60 80

y Ajustes RESIDUOS i Residuos ord Estandar


213 208.2857142857 4.7142857143 1 -8.2857143 -1.9495263
214 208.2857142857 5.7142857143 2 -6.5714286 -1.546176
204 208.2857142857 -4.2857142857 3 -6.4285714 -1.5125635
208 208.2857142857 -0.2857142857 4 -4.8571429 -1.1428258
212 208.2857142857 3.7142857143 5 -4.4285714 -1.0419882
200 208.2857142857 -8.2857142857 6 -4.2857143 -1.0083757
207 208.2857142857 -1.2857142857 7 -3.8571429 -0.9075381
76 78.8571428571 -2.8571428571 8 -3.5714286 -0.8403131
85 78.8571428571 6.1428571429 9 -2.8571429 -0.6722504
74 78.8571428571 -4.8571428571 10 -1.5714286 -0.3697377
78 78.8571428571 -0.8571428571 11 -1.2857143 -0.3025127
82 78.8571428571 3.1428571429 12 -0.8571429 -0.2016751
75 78.8571428571 -3.8571428571 13 -0.5714286 -0.1344501
82 78.8571428571 3.1428571429 14 -0.4285714 -0.1008376
57 61.4285714286 -4.4285714286 15 -0.2857143 -0.067225
67 61.4285714286 5.5714285714 16 1.42857143 0.33612522
55 61.4285714286 -6.4285714286 17 1.57142857 0.36973775
64 61.4285714286 2.5714285714 18 1.57142857 0.36973775
61 61.4285714286 -0.4285714286 19 2.57142857 0.6050254
63 61.4285714286 1.5714285714 20 3.14285714 0.73947549
63 61.4285714286 1.5714285714 21 3.14285714 0.73947549
84 85.5714285714 -1.5714285714 22 3.71428571 0.87392558
82 85.5714285714 -3.5714285714 23 4.42857143 1.04198819
85 85.5714285714 -0.5714285714 24 4.71428571 1.10921324
92 85.5714285714 6.4285714286 25 5.57142857 1.31088837
87 85.5714285714 1.4285714286 26 5.71428571 1.34450089
79 85.5714285714 -6.5714285714 27 6.14285714 1.44533846
90 85.5714285714 4.4285714286 28 6.42857143 1.5125635

Promedio 1.0151E-15
D 4.25011671
PROMEDIO SCRAT SCerror
207 208.285714 69650.4375 157.428571 Control T2
82 78.8571429 6165.72321 104.857143 200 75
63 61.4285714 15533.5804 103.714286 204 74
90 85.5714286 3691.50893 121.714286 207 82
MEDIA TOTAL 108.535714 95041.25 487.714286 208 78
212 82
3.5 214 85
213 76
3
208.3 78.9
2.5 Se rechaza la hiptesis nula H0 y se acepta l
hiptesis alternativa H1
2 Se acepta que las medias de estos tratamien
T2-CONTROL distintos .(Ya que el intervalo no contiene al
T3-CONTROL
1.5
T4-CONTROL

0.5

0
-160 -155 -150 -145 -140 -135 -130 -125 -120 -115 -110

7
Se rechaza la hiptesis nula H0 y se
6 acepta la hiptesis alternativa H1
(porque no continen al 0)
5
Control vs T2
4 Control vs T3
Control vs T4
3

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

F(Yi) 1-F(Yi) F(Yin-1) A^2


0.0256163029 0.9743837 0.06519529 -6.3948944
0.0610310308 0.93896897 0.07418142 -16.192843
0.0651952852 0.93480471 0.08939323 -25.725392
0.1265554708 0.87344453 0.09494774 -30.950522
AJUSTES vs RESIDUOS
0.1487085767 0.85129142 0.1336691 -35.263392 8
0.1566370743 0.84336293 0.14870858 -41.355496 6
0.1820611548 0.81793885 0.19107939 -43.660226 4
2
0
40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220
-2
8
6
4
0.2003664409 0.79963356 0.22980916 -46.171702
2
0.2507121353 0.74928786 0.22980916 -48.517251
0.3557889524 0.64421105 0.27258106 -44.331499 0
40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220
0.3811306264 0.61886937 0.35578895 -41.958644 -2
0.4200853517 0.57991465 0.35578895 -43.716443 -4
0.4465233378 0.55347666 0.36838822 -45.122039 -6
0.4598397023 0.5401603 0.52679873 -38.280979
-8
0.4732012737 0.52679873 0.5401603 -39.55959
0.6316117808 0.36838822 0.55347666 -32.581497 -10
0.6442110476 0.35578895 0.57991465 -32.491907
0.6442110476 0.35578895 0.61886937 -32.185648
0.7274189406 0.27258106 0.64421105 -28.045319
Los residuos presentan una distribucin con tendencia
0.7701908416 0.22980916 0.74928786 -21.44021 por lo que sustentamos que no se cumplen el
0.7701908416 0.22980916 0.79963356 -19.873465 supuesto .
0.8089206086 0.19107939 0.81793885 -17.759955
0.8512914233 0.14870858 0.84336293 -14.91114
0.8663308982 0.1336691 0.85129142 -14.310988
0.9050522598 0.09494774 0.87344453 -11.518589
0.9106067661 0.08939323 0.93480471 -8.2141497 SE RECHAZA LA HIPOTESIS NULA Y SE ACEPTA LA
0.92581858 0.07418142 0.93896897 -7.4226409 HIPTESIS ALTERNATIVA H1,PORQUE EL VALOR P
ES MAYOR A 0.0
0.9348047148 0.06519529 0.9743837 -5.135226
-793.09165
A^2 0.32470172
AD 0.33433094
VALOR P 0.50819528
T3 T4 i U1 U2 U3
63 79 1 2 4 6
55 85 2
63 90 3
64 92 4
61 87 5
67 82 6
57 84 7
61.4 85.6

hiptesis nula H0 y se acepta la 4


nativa H1
las medias de estos tratamientos son
que el intervalo no contiene al 0.)
3
Row 17
Row 16
Row 15
2 Row 14
Row 13

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200


hiptesis nula H0 y se
ptesis alternativa H1
ontinen al 0)

S vs RESIDUOS

Column C

140 160 180 200 220


Column C

140 160 180 200 220

distribucin con tendencia


no se cumplen el

ULA Y SE ACEPTA LA
PORQUE EL VALOR P
Control T2 T3 T4
RI - 192 72.625 53.25 90.375
Q1 204.75 76 57 86.25
Q2 210 80 62.5 89.5
Q3 213.25 78.25 59.5 83.5
RI + 226 81.625 63.25 79.375

Intercuartilico 8.5 2.25 2.5 -2.75

Row 17
Row 16
Row 15
Row 14
Row 13

00 1000 1200

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