By:

Firas Asad
PhD in Civil Engineering

05 / 07 / 2017

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 :

Academic Writing: Guidelines for Writing a Good Abstract

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( ) Abstract



, ,
,


.

.
, , , .

: ,Descriptive ,Informative
,Critical ( )1:

- Problem & Importance

Descriptive - Purpose & Scope
- Methodology

Types of - As in descriptive
Informative - Results
Abstracts - Conclusions

- As in informative
Critical - Judgement
- Critique

( :)1 .

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 -1 Descriptive abstract
.
:
.
( )1 )2( ,Research problem )3( ,Study importance
( )5 ( Research ( )4( ,)Purpose ,Scope
,
.
)methodology
100 .

-2 Informative abstract
. ( )


.
.
( )200-300.

-3 Critical abstract

.

Judgement
Validity .Reliability

.

,
:
, , .

-1 :Study importance
.


-2 :Problem statement

,

.

-3 :Methodology/Approach
.

, ( Theoretical, ,
,)Observational, Experimental (Quantitative or
. )Qualitative

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 , -4 : Results
.Findings

-5 :Conclusions



Implications .

-1 , .
-2 .
( , )I found, I measured, etc. -3
.
-4 .
-5 .
-6 .
-7 .
-8 .
-9 .
-10 .

1- https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/essays/abstract.html
2- http://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/abstracts/
3- http://www.ierek.com/news/index.php/2016/11/28/how-to-write-great-
abstract/
4- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3136027/

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