Tutorial Sheet-2 AUTUMN 2017

MATHEMATICS-I (MA10001) August 1, 2017

1. Determine the following limits, if exist:

"  2 #2

 q 
log cos x 3

a) lim 1 + b) lim x + x cos
x0 log cos(x/2) x0 x
xn 1 sin x cos x
c) lim , nN d) lim
x1 |x 1| x/4 cos(2x)
x1 + x1/2 sin(2x)
e) lim f) lim
x x + x1/2 x0 ln(x + 1)

 x tan x
2
g) lim (cos x) 2 x h) lim tan
x/2 x1 4
i) lim x1/x j) lim (tan x)2x
x x/2
 x
x+1
k) lim (sin 2x)tan 3x l) lim
x0+ x x+2
1 ex x 1
m) lim (cot x) ln x n) lim
x0+ x0 cos x 1
   1  12
1 cot x sin x x
o) lim 2
p) lim
x0 x x x0+ x
logsec(x/2) cos x
q) lim x1/ ln x r) lim
x x0 logsec x cos(x/2)
 tan x
1
s) lim t) lim (sec x)cot x
x0 x x/2

b/x2
u) lim (cos ax) .
x0

2. Find the Taylor polynomial of degree n about x0 with remainder of both Cauchy
and Lagranges form for the following functions:

a) f (x) = log(1 + x), degree n = 4, centered at x0 = 0.

b) f (x) = sin x, degree n = 3, centered at x0 = /6.

c) f (x) = 1 + x + x2 , degree n = 3, centered at x0 = 0.
d) f (x) = x1 , degree n = 4, centered at x0 = 1.

3. Write the Maclaurins formula for the function f (x)= 3 1 + x of degree 2. Further
estimate the error of the approximate equation 3 1 + x 1 + 13 x 19 x2 when
x = 0.3.

1
 4. Suppose P2 (x) be the second degree Taylor polynomial for f (x) centered at x = 10
and |f 000 (x)| 3 for any x. Estimate the absolute value of the remainder term in
both Cauchy and Lagranges form.

5. If f (x), f 0 (x), f 00 (x) are continuous on [a, b] and f 0 (a) = f 0 (b). Then show that

(b a)2 00
 
a+b 1
f = [f (a) + f (b)] + f (c)
2 2 8

for some c (a, b).

6. By Taylor series expansion, using suitable function

a) find the value of 1.5 approximately.
1  
b) show that sin 46 1 + .
2 180
7. Expand the following polynomial with respect to the given powers.

a) x4 4x3 + 5x2 + 3 in powers of x 1.

b) x5 + x3 + x in powers of x + 2.
c) x5 5x4 + 6x3 3x2 4x + 5 in powers of x 3.

8. Use Taylors theorem to prove that

x2
a) cos x 1 for < x < .
2
x3
b) x < sin x < x for 0 < x < .
6
x2 x3 x2 x3 x
c) 1 + x + + < ex < 1 + x + + e for all x > 0.
2 3! 2 3!
9. Prove that
 
2 3 
a) log(1 + x) (x x2 + x3 ) < 14 for any x [0, 1].

 
3 5 
b) sin x (x x3! + x5! ) < 7!1 for any x [1, 1].


10. Find the Maclaurins infinite series expansion for

a) f (x) = cos x for all x R.

b) f (x) = log(1 + x) for (1, 1].
c) f (x) = ex cos x for all x R

11. Let a function f : [a, ) R be twice differentiable on [a, ) and suppose there
exists positive real numbers A and B such that |f (x)| A, |f 00 (x)| B for all
x [a, ). Prove that |f 0 (x)| 2 AB for all x [a, ).

2
12. Let c R and a real function f be such that f 00 is continuous on some neighbour-
hood of c. Prove that
f (c + h) 2f (c) + f (c h)
lim = f 00 (c).
h0 h2

13. If f (x) = sin x = f (0) + xf 0 (x), 0 < < 1,then show that
1
lim (x) = .
x0 3

14. Using Taylors series formula, evaluate

 
sin x 1 1
a) lim b) lim
x0 1 cos x x0 x sin x
x log(1 + x) xex log(1 + x)
c) lim d) lim .
x0 1 cos x x0 x2
2 4
et 1 t2 t2
15. Evaluate lthe limit lim by using LHospital rule. Observe that it
t0 sin(t2 ) t2
2
can be solve more easily by using taylors series expansion of et and sin(t2 ) about
t = 0.

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