OBJECTIVE- HEAT THERMO

1: Calculate the root mean square speed of smoke particles of mass

5 10 17 kg in Brownian motion in air at NTP. Boltzmann
constant
k = 1.38 10 23 JK
1

(A) 1.5 cm/s (B) 2.2 cm/s

(C) 2.3 cm/s (D) 4.4 cm/s
Ans. (a)
2: During an experiment an ideal gas is found to obey an additional
2
law VP = constant. The gas is initially at temp T and volume V. What
will be the temperature of the gas when it expands to a volume 2V?
(A) T= 4 T (B) T = 2 T

(C) T= 5 T (D) T= 6 T
Ans. (b)
Q.3-5 We have two vessels of equal volume, one filled with hydrogen and
o
the other with equal mass of Helium. The common temperature is 27 C.
3: What is the relative number of molecules in the two vessels ?
nH 1 (B) nH 5
(A) = =
nHe 1 nHe 1
nH 2 nH 3
= (D) =
(C)
nHe 1 nHe 1
Ans. (C)
4: If pressure of Hydrogen is 2 atm, what is the pressure of Helium ?
(A) pHe = 2 atm. (B) pHe = 3 atm.
(C) pHe = 4 atm. (D) pHe = 1 atm.
Ans. (d)
o
5: If the temperature of Helium is kept at 27 C and that of hydrogen is
changed, at what temperature will its pressure become equal to that
of helium ? The molecular weights of hydrogen and helium are 2 and
4 respectively.

Ans. (a)
 o o
(A) 123 C (B) 140 C
o o
(C) 160 C (D) 183 C

Ans. (a)
Q.7-10.The pressure of a monoatomic gas increases linearly from
5 2 5 2 3
4 10 N/m 8 10 N/m when its volume increases from 0.2 m
to to
3
0.5 m . Calculate
7: work done by the gas
5 6
(A) 2.810 J (B) 1.810 J
5 2
(C) 1.810 J (D) 1.810 J
Ans. (C)
8: increase in internal energy
U = 4.8 10 5 U = 4.810 4 J
(A) (B)
J
(C) U = 4.810 6 J
(D)
U = 6.8 10 5
J
Ans. (a)
9: amount of heat supplied
(A) 8.6 10 5 12.6 10 5 J
(B)
J
(C) 10.6 10 5 J
(D)
6.6.10 5 J
Ans. (C)
10: molar heat capacity of the gas [R = 8.31 J/mol k]
(A) 20.1 J/molK (B) 17.14 J/molK
(C) 18.14 J/molK (D) 20.14 J/molK
Ans. (b)
o
Q.11-13.Two moles of Helium gas ( = 5/3) are initially at temperature 27 C
and occupy a volume of 20 litres. The gas is first expanded at
constant pressure until the volume is doubled. Then it undergoes an
adiabatic change until the temperature returns to its initial value.
11: What are the final volume.
(A) 113.1310 3 m 3

(C) 313.1310 3 m3
Ans. (A)
12: What are the final pressure of gas?
(A) 0.44105 N / m 2
(C) 0.9410 5 N / m 2
13: What is the work done by the gas? (Gas constant R = 8.3 T/mole K)
13450 (B) 14450 J
(A)
J
(D) 12450 J
(C)
16450
J

Ans. (d)
14-15. When 1 gm of water changes from liquid to vapour phase at
3
constant pressure of 1 atmosphere, the volume increases from 1 cm
to 1671 c.c. The heat of vaporization at this pressure is 540 cal/gm. Find
14: The work done (in J) in change of phase
170.78 Joule 200.67 Joule
(A) (B)
168.67 Joule
(C) 190. 78 Joule (D)
Ans. (d)
15: Increase in internal energy of water.

(A) 2099.33 J (B) 3099.33 J

(C) 4099.33 J (D) 5099.33 J
Ans. (a)
16: A glass flask of volume one litre at 0 o C is filled level full of mercury at this
o
temperature. The flask and mercury are now heated to 100 C. How much
mercury will spill out if coefficient of volume expansion of mercury is
4 o 4 o
1.82 10 / C and linear expansion of glass is 0.1 10 / C
respectively? (A) 14.2 c.c. (B) 15.2
c.c.
(C) 18.2 c.c. (D) 20.2 c.c.J
Ans. (b)
17: Two cylinders A and B fitted with pistons contain equal amounts of an
ideal diatomic gas at 300K. The piston A is free to move, while that of B is
held fixed. The same amount of heat is given to the gas in each cylinder. If
the rise in temperature of the gas in A is 30K, then the rise in temperature of
the gas in B is.
(A) 30K
(C) 50K
18: 80 gm of water at 30 o C is poured on a large block of ice at 0 o C . The
mass of ice that melts is
(A) 30 gm
(C) 150 gm
19: A gas at pressure Po is contained in a vessel. If the masses of all the

molecules are halved and their speeds doubled, the resulting

pressure would be
(A) 4Po (B) 2Po
Po
(C) Po (D) 2

20: The volume V versus temperature T graphs for a P2

certain amount of a perfect gas at two pressures P1 P1
and P2 are shown in the figure. Here V

(A) P1 < P 2
(B) P1 > P 2

m
Solution: For a perfect gas, PV = RT
M

mR
v= RT
PM
mR
So, the slope of the graph is
PM
1
Slope
P
Hence P1 > P2
Hence, (C) is correct

21: At room temperature the rms speed of the molecules of a certain

diatomic gas is found to be 1930 m/s. The gas is
(B) F2
(A) H2
(D) Cl 2
(C) O2

Solution:

3RT 3 x8.31x30 0 3
M= 2
= = 2.0078 x10 kg
Vrms 2
(1930 )
It is molecular weight of hydrogen .
22: The latent heat of vaporization of water is 2240 J. If the work done in
the process of vaporization of 1 gm is 168 J, then increase in internal
energy is
(A) 2408 J (B) 2240 J
(C) 2072 J (D) 1904 J
Hence, (C) is correct
23: For a gas, y = 1.286. What is the number of degrees of freedom of the
moleculas of this gas ?
(A) 3 (B) 5
(C) 6 (D) 7
Ans. (d)
24: Which of the following temperatures is the highest?
o
(A) 100 K (B) 13 F
o o
(C) 20 C (D) 30 C
o o
Solution: (B ) 13 F is (13+32) below ice point on F scale.
25: An ideal gas ( = 1.5) is expanded adiabatically. How many times has
the gas to be expanded to reduce the root mean square velocity of
molecules 2.0 times
(A) 4 times (B) 16 times
(C) 8 times (D) 2 times
Ans. (B)
Hence, (B) is correct
26: A thin copper wire of length L increases in length by 1% when heated
from 0 o C to 100 o C . If a thin copper plate of area 2L is heated from
L
o o
0 C to 100 C , the percentage increase in its area will
be (A) 1% (B) 2%
(C) 3% (D) 4%
Ans. (b)

27: Gas at pressure Po is contained in a vessel. If the masses of all the

molecules are doubled
pressure P will be equal to
(A) 2Po
(C) Po
Ans. (d)
28: The molar heat capacity in a process of a diatomic gas if it does a work
of Q/4, when Q amount of heat is supplied to it is
2 5
R (B) R
(A) 5 2
10 6
R (D) R
(C) 3 7

Ans. (C)
29: For an ideal gas:
(A) the change in internal energy in a constant pressure process
from temperature T1 to T2 is equal to nCv (T2 - T1), where Cv is
the molar specific heat at constant volume and
n the number of moles of the gas.
(B) the change in internal energy of the gas and the work done by
the gas are equal in magnitude in an adiabatic process.
(C) the internal energy does not change in an isothermal process.
(D) no heat is added or removed in an adiabatic process.
(A) A, B (B) A, B, C
(C) A, B, C, D (D) A, C
Solution: (C)
30: Heat is supplied to a diatomic gas at constant pressure. The ratio of
Q : U : W is
(A) 5:3:2 (B) 5:2:3
(C) 7:5:2 (D) 7:2:5
Ans. (C)
31: Two mole of argon are mixed with one mole of hydrogen, then Cp/Cv
for the mixture is nearly
(A) 1.2 (B) 1.3
(C) 1.4 (D) 1.5
Ans.(C)
32: An ideal gas is taken through the cycle A BC A as shown in figure.
If the net heat supplied to the gas in the cycle is 5J, the work
done by the gas in the process CA is,
(A) -5J (B) -10J
 (C) -15J (D) -20J
Solution: A
33: When an ideal gas at pressure P, temperature T and volume V is
isothermally compressed to a V/n, its pressure becomes P i . If the gas is
compressed adiabatically to V/n, its pressure becomes Pa. The ratio Pi / Pa
is
(A) 1 (B) n
1-
(C) n
(D) n
Solution: (D
34: When an ideal monatomic gas is heated at constant pressure, the
fraction of heat energy supplied which increases the internal energy
of the gas is
(A) 2/5 (B) 3/5
(C) 3/7 (D) 3/4
Solution: (B
35: A monatomic ideal gas, initially at temperature T 1 is enclosed in a cylinder
fitted with a frictionless piston. The gas is allowed to expand adiabatically
to a temperature T2 by releasing the piston suddenly. If L 1 and L2 are the
lengths of the gas column before and after expansion respectively, then
T1/T2 is given by
(A)
(C)
Solution:
36: An ideal mono atomic gas at 300K expands adiabatically to twice its
volume. What is the fine temperature
(A)
(C)
Solution:

37: What will be P-V graph corresponding to the P-T graph (process AB)
for an ideal gas shown in figure
 B C

A D

(A) Hyperbolic (B) Circle

(C) Straight line (D) Elliptical
Solution: (A)
38: Starting with the same initial conditions, an ideal gas expands from
volume V1 to V2 in three different ways. The work done by the gas is
W1 if the process is purely isothermal, W2 if purely isobaric and W3 if
purely adiabatic. Then
(A) W2 > W1 >W3 (B) W2 > W3 >W1
(C) W1 > W2 >W3 (D) W1 > W3 >W2
Solution: (A)
5/2
39: One mole of argon is heated using PV = const. By which amount of
heat is obtained by the process when the temperature change by T
= -26K.
(A) 100J (B) 200J
(C) 108J (D) 208J
Solution: (C)
40: 3 moles of an ideal monoatmic gas performs a cycle as shown in the
fig. The gas temperatures T1 = 400K, T2 = 800K, T3 = 2400K, T4 =
1200K. What will be the net work done.

P
B C

A D

(A) 20J (B) 20000J

(C) 200J (D) 2000J
41: How much heat is absorbed by the system in going through the
process shown in the fig. (consider that value is taken in SI system)

900
P

100
800 400
V

(A)
(C)
Solution:
5 2
42: 3000J of heat is given to a gas at constant pressure of 210 N/m . If
its volume increases by 10 litres during the process, what will be the
change in the internal energy of the gas
(A) 1000J (B) 100J
(C) 200J (D) 2000J
Solution: (A)
43: A gas at atmospheric pressure is contained in a cylinder of volume 80
litre. When it is compressed adiabatically to 20 litre its pressure rises to 7
atm. What will be the ratio of specific heats of the gas
(A) 1.33 (B) 1.4
(C) 1.67 (D) 1.5
Solution: (B)
44: A gas consisting of rigid diatomic molecules was initially under
standard conditions. Then gas was compressed adiabatically to one
fifth of its initial volume. What will be the mean kinetic energy of a
rotating molecule in the final state?
(A) 1.44 J (B) 4.55J
23 -23
(C) 787.98 10 (D) 757.310 J
Solution: (C)
45: Immediately after the explosion of an atom bomb, the ball of fire
produced has a radius of 100m and a temperature 105K . What will be
the approximate temperature when the ball expands adiabatically to
a radius of 1000m (suppose mono atomic gas is there)
(A) 1000K (B) 100K
 3 2/3
(C) 105 (10 ) (D) 200K
Solution: (C)
46: Which of the following is false?
(A) Enthalpy is a path function.
(B) Work is a path function.
(C) Heat is a path function.
(D) Energy is a state function
Solution: (C)
47: A gas mixture consists of 32 gram of oxygen and 36 gram of Ar a
temperature T. Neglecting
energy of the system is
(A) 4RT
(C) 9RT
Solution: (D)
48: A mono atomic gas is supplied heat Q very slowly keeping the
pressure constant. The work done by the gas is
(A) 2/5 Q (B) 3/5 Q
(C) Q /5 (D) 2/3 Q
Solution: (D)
49: Which of the following parameters does not characterise the
thermodynamic state of matter
(A)
(C)
Solution:

50: Which of the following is correct

(A) For an isothermal change PV = constant
(B) For a isothermal process, the change in internal energy must
be equal to the work done
P2 V2 , where is the ratio of the

(C) For an adiabatic change

=

two specific heats P1 V1

 (D) In an adiabatic process external work done must be equal
to the heat entering the system
Solution: (A)
51: An ideal gas goes through cyclic process ABC and following (P vs T)
curve is obtained. This process can be represented by

A C

B B

P P

A C A
C

V V

(A) (B)

B
B
P
P
A C
A C

V V

(C) (D)
Solution:(B)
52: A container contain 0.1 mol of H2 and 0.1 mol of O2 , If the gases are
in thermal equilibrium then
(A) Only the average kinetic energy of the molecule of H 2 and O2 is
same.
(B) Average speed of the molecule of H2 and O2 is same.
(C) Only the specific heat at constant pressure of two gases is
same.
 (D) The specific heat at constant pressure and the kinetic energy
are same for both the gases.
Solution: (D)
53: Two systems are in thermal equilibrium. The quantity which is
common for them is
(A) Heat (B) Momentum
(C) Temperature (D) Specific heat
Solution: (C)
54: Mean molecular weight is defined as
(A) the number of free particles per positron mass
(B) the number of free particles per electron mass
(C) the number of free particles per neutral mass
(D) the number of free particles per photon mass
Solution: (D)
55: Which one of the following statements is true about a gas undergoing
an adiabatic change
(A) The temperature of the gas remains constant
(B) The pressure of the gas remains constant
(C) The volume of the gas remains constant
(D) The gas is completely insulated from the surroundings
Solution: (D)
56: If an ideal gas is allowed to expand adiabatically, the work done is equal
to
(A) The loss in heat
(B) The loss in internal energy
(C) The gain in internal energy
(D) The gain in enthalpy
Solution: (B)

57: For the Boyles law to hold, the necessary condition is

(A) Isothermal
(C) Isobaric
Solution: (A)
58: Specific heat of a gas undergoing adiabatic changes is
(A) zero (B) infinite
(C) positive (D) negative
Solution: (B)
59: The internal energy of the system remains constant when it undergoes
(A) a cyclic process (B) an adiabatic process
(C) an isothermal process (D) an isobaric process
Solution: (C)
60: The first law of thermodynamics incorporates the concepts of
(A) conservation of energy
(B) conservation of heat
(C) conservation of work
(D) equivalence of heat and work
Solution: (D)