ENGLISH PROGRAM

REINFORCEMENT EXTRA MATERIAL

INTRODUCTORY TOPICS

01. Introducing people

- Introducing yourself
- Introducing others
02. Greetings
03. Farewells
04. The alphabet
- Spelling
05. Cardinal numbers
- Telephone numbers
- The age
- The year
- The time
- Money
06. Math
- Arithmetic (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division)
- Fractions
- Percents
07. The calendar
- Months of the year
- Days of the week
08. Personal information
- First, middle, and last (surname) names
- address
- e-mail
- Date and place of birth
- Marital status and titles
09. Saying thanks
- Different ways to say thanks
- Answering a thanks
10. Colors

VOCABULARY

01. Useful phrases

02. Office supply and equipment
03. The family
04. The house
- Things in a house
05. The city
06. Technology terms
07. Means of transportation
- Prepositions of transportation
08. Clothing
- Men, women, unisex
- Prices and sizes
- Jewelry and accessories
- Patterns
09. Food and beverages
- Fruits
- Vegetables
- Meat, poultry and seafood
- Dairy products
- Snacks food
- Groceries
- Juice and other beverages
10. Leisure activities and sports
11. Kinds of music

GRAMMAR

01. Subject pronouns

02. Simple present tense verb TO BE
- Affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences
- Short answers
03. Adjectives
- BE + adjective
04. Possessive adjectives
05. Imperatives or commands
06. Definite and indefinite articles
07. Demonstrative pronouns: This, that
08. Possessive `s or possessive nouns
09. Prepositions of place

10. There is, there are

- Affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences
- Short answers
11. Let's + verb
12. Simple present tense verb TO HAVE
- Affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences
- Short answers
13. Future: Be + going
14. Plural and singular nouns
15. Demonstrative pronouns: These, those
16. Questions words: What, where, who, whose, how much
17. Simple present tense verb TO LIKE
- Affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences
- Short answers
18. Modal auxiliary CAN
- Affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences
- Short answers
INTRODUCTORY LESSONS
Introducing people
Introducing yourself

Formal: Good morning, my name is Juan Carlos Benavides. Exercise 1

Informal: Hi, Im Juan Carlos Benavides. Introduce yourself to the class.

Introducing others
Phrases
Juan: Mario, this is Marcia. Marcia, this is Mario. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.
Mario: Nice to meet you Marcia. Pleased to meet you. Pleased to meet you, too.
Marcia: Nice to meet you, too, Mario. Glad to meet you. Glad to meet you, too
Happy to meet you. Happy to meet you, too.
Exercise 2
Introduce each other.

Greetings
Hello Marco: Good evening, Questions Answers
Hi Norma. How do you How are you? Fine Very well
Good morning do? Exercise How do you do? Terrific So, so
Good afternoon Norma: Fine, thank Whats up? Terrible Pretty good
Good evening you. And you? Whats going on? Not bad OK
Greet each other.
Marco: Terrific, thanks.

Farewells
Goodbye see you later bye see you on Monday
Take care see you soon nice seeing you keep in touch
good night see you next week talk to you later see you on weekend
see you see you next month good to see you see you on
see you tomorrow see you next year have a nice day Im out of here

The alphabet
Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mn Nn
ei bi ci di i ef yi eich ai yei kei el em en

Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
Oh pi quiu ar es ti iu vi dobliu ex wai zid
M anuel
Spelling Exercise 1 Exercise 2 capital small
c-a-r-l-o-s Spell your name. Listen and write the spelled words. letter letters
Exercise 3
Which comes first?

01. friend, desk ___________________ 05. flag, eraser ___________________

02. ruler, table ___________________ 06. office, pen ___________________

03. snack, whiteboard ___________________ 07. teacher, student ___________________

04. map, scissors ___________________ 08. pencil, book ___________________

Capital letters

Capitalize:
- the first word of a sentence.
- names of people and pets.
- titles and abbreviations (Miss, Dr.).
- particular places (American School).
- the pronoun I.
- names of cities, states, countries, lakes, rivers, oceans.
- holidays.
- days of the week and months.
- T.V. programs, movies, books, poems, songs.

Exercise 4
Rewrite the sentences below using capital letters where needed.

01. my cat`s name is bushy. __________________________________________________________

02. her favorite teacher is miss angela. __________________________________________________

03. our independence day is on september 15th.

_______________________________________________________________________________

04. i like to go to the movies. __________________________________________________________

05. who is the author of moby dick? ____________________________________________________

06. we have our music class on tuesdays and fridays.

_______________________________________________________________________________

07. my aunt lives in matagalpa. ________________________________________________________

08. i am going with roberto to the aztec stadium.

_______________________________________________________________________________

Cardinal numbers
0 zero/oh 10 ten 20 twenty 30 thirty

1 one 11 eleven 21 twenty-one 40 forty

2 two 12 twelve 22 twenty-two 50 fifty

3 three 13 thirteen 23 twenty-three 60 sixty

4 four 14 fourteen 24 twenty-four 70 seventy

5 five 15 fifteen 25 twenty-five 80 eighty

6 six 16 sixteen 26 twenty-six 90 ninety

7 seven 17 seventeen 27 twenty-seven 100 one hundred

8 eight 18 eighteen 28 twenty-eight 1,000 one thousand

9 nine 19 nineteen 29 twenty-nine 1,000,000 one million

Exercise 1
Listen and circle the number you hear.

a. 13 30 c. 15 50 e. 17 70 g. 19 90

b. 14 40 d. 16 60 f. 18 80

Exercise 2 F U O N E X P F
Write the word for each number.
Then circle each of these words in the puzzle.
X I S K L B F O
01. _________________ 07. _________________
T H R E E I W U
02. _________________ 08. _________________
T W E L V E N R
03. _________________ 09. _________________
W E E E E E I Z
04. _________________ 10. _________________
O F T E N U N O
05. _________________ 11. _________________
E I G H T I E Q
06. _________________ 12. _________________

EXERCISE 3
Write the next number in each line of numbers.

01. 33 35 37 39 _____ ___________________ 04. 0 7 14 21 _______ ___________________

02. 6 8 10 12 _____ ___________________ 05. 24 29 34 39 ______ __________________

03. 60 70 80 90 _____ ___________________ 06. 100 85 70 65 ____ ___________________

EXERCISE 4
Write and say the following numbers.

01. 38 ______________________________________________________________________

02. 6,874 ______________________________________________________________________

03. 46 ______________________________________________________________________

04. 12 ______________________________________________________________________

05. 97,412 ______________________________________________________________________

06. 139 ______________________________________________________________________

07. 7 ______________________________________________________________________

08. 465 ______________________________________________________________________

09. 81 ______________________________________________________________________

10. 9,884 ______________________________________________________________________

11. 19 ______________________________________________________________________

12. 100 ______________________________________________________________________

13. 717 ______________________________________________________________________

14. 955 ______________________________________________________________________

15. 2,876 ______________________________________________________________________

16. 1,419 ______________________________________________________________________

17. 613 ______________________________________________________________________

18. 14,365 ______________________________________________________________________

19. 712 ______________________________________________________________________

20. 128,499 ______________________________________________________________________

Telephone numbers

01. Whats your telephone (phone) number? 02. Whats his telephone number?
 My telephone number is 81467726. His telephone
number is 88804245

03. Whats her telephone number?

Her phone number is 82599798

Exercise
Say and write these phone numbers

01. 678390782 __________________________________________________________________

02. 004473065 __________________________________________________________________

03. 262487597 __________________________________________________________________

04. 171458842 __________________________________________________________________

The age

01. How old are you? 02. How old is your sister? 03. How old is Mario?
I am forty five years old. She is fifty one years old. He is eighteen years old.

Exercise
Answer these questions.

01. How old are you?

________________________________________________

02. How old is Mr. Smith? ________________________________________________

03. How old is your sister? ________________________________________________

04. How old are they? ________________________________________________

The year

01. When were you born? 03. When was Gerald born?
I was born in nineteen sixty-nine. He was born in nineteen ninety-seven.

02. When was Maria born? 04. When were they born?
She was born in nineteen fifty-five. They were born in nineteen seventy-two.

Exercise
Say and write these years.
a) 1970 _______________________________________________________________________

b) 1956 _______________________________________________________________________

c) 1983 _______________________________________________________________________

d) 1972 _______________________________________________________________________

e) 1963 ________________________________________________________________________

The time
a.m.: from 12:00 midnight to 12:00 noon
What time is it? Its five oclock. p.m.: from 12:00 noon to 12:00 midnight

eleven thirty six thirty-five two forty-five seven fifteen

eleven half thirty-five after six forty-five past two seven quarter
thirty past eleven twenty-five to seven fifteen to three fifteen past seven
half past eleven a quarter to three a quarter past seven

early morning in the early morning

morning in the morning
noon at noon
afternoon in the afternoon
evening in the evening
eleven fifty-five two twenty-five night at night
five to twelve twenty-five past two midnight at midnight
almost twelve

MEALS Exercise 1
breakfast Answer these questions.
snack
lunch 01. What time do you have breakfast? ______________________________________
dinner
supper 02. What time do you have lunch? ______________________________________
brunch
03. What time do you have dinner? ______________________________________

04. What time do you get up? ______________________________________________________

05. What time do you take a shower? ________________________________________________

06. What time do you get to work? _________________________________________________

07. What time do you leave work? _________________________________________________

Exercise 2
Write the time for each clock.

01. 02. 03. 04.

01. _______________________________________________________________________________

02. _______________________________________________________________________________

03. _______________________________________________________________________________

04. _______________________________________________________________________________

Money

COINS

penny=one cent nickel=five cents dime=ten cents quarter=twenty-five cents

BILLS

half dollar=fifty cents silver dollar=one dollar one dollar

five dollars ten dollars twenty dollars fifty dollars one hundred

Exercise 1
Label each picture with the words below.

bills half dollar penny fifty dollars five dollars one dollar
silver dollar nickel coins ten dollars dime quarter
twenty dollars one hundred

01. 02. 03. 04. 05.

______________ ____________ ____________ _______________ ____________

06. 07. 08. 09. 10.

________________ ___________ ______________

___________ ___________

11. 12. 13. 14.

____________ ______________ _______________ ______________

Exercise 2
Making change.

01. That comes to $ 16.00. Okay. Heres $ 20.00. And your change is ________________________.

02. That will be $ .85. I have $ 1.00. And your change is ___________________________________.

03. And the total is $ 45.00. Heres $ 50.00. Your change is ________________________________.

04. Your total is $ 8.00. I can give you ______________________. Fine. And your change is $ 2.00.

05. Thats $ .20. I have $ .25. Okay. And your change is ___________________________________.

06. That comes to $ 99.00. Heres ________________________________. And heres a dollar back.

Exercise 3
Listen to the conversation. Circle the correct amount.

01. $ 10.00 $ .10 03.$ 1.00 $ .01 05.$ 5.10 $ 51.00 07. $ 14.50 $ 40.60

02. $ 25.00 $ 2.50 04.$ 55.00 $ 5.50 06.$ 23.50 $ 25.30 08. $ 12.10 $ 20.10

Mathematics
Arithmetic

Addition 2 + 1 = 3 two plus one is three subtraction 8 - 3 = 5 eight minus three is five
multiplication 4 x 2 = 8 four times two is eight division 10 / 2 = 5 ten divided by two is five

How much is two plus one? (2 + 1 = 3) How much is ten minus three? (10 3 = 7)
Two plus one is three. Ten minus three is seven.

How much is five times five? (5 x 5 = 25) How much is nine divided by three? (9 / 3 = 3)
Five times five is twenty five. Nine divided by three is three.

Exercise 1
Match the words
_________ 1.plus a. multiplication

_________ 2. times b. division

_________ 3. minus c. addition

_________ 4. divided by d. subtraction

Exercise 2
Answer the math problems. Then write the questions and answers.

01. 4 + 5 = ________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

02. 11 + 25 = _________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

03. 100 7 = _________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

04. 16 * 2 = __________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

05. 84 / 4 = __________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

Fractions Exercise
Match the words and fractions

________ 01.three fourths a. one quarter one third one half two thirds
one fourth half
________ 02.two thirds b.

________ 03.one quarter c.

________ 04.one half d. 1/3

three quarters
________ 05.one third e. 2/3 three fourths

Percents
 ten percent seventy-five percent fifty
percent
ninety percent twenty-five percent
fifteen percent one hundred percent

Exercise
Answer these questions.

01. What discount does your company offer to its clients? ___________________________________

02. Whats the tax percent? ___________________________________________________________

03. What discount are you usually offered? _______________________________________________

04. What percent is the credit card? _____________________________________________________

The calendar
Months of the year
January July
01. Whats this month? 03. What was last month? February August
Its November. It was October. March September
April October
02. Whats next month? 04. Whats your favorite month? May November
Its December. Its September. June December

Exercise 1
Look at the months October, November, and December in the 2015 calendar. Answer this question:
What day of the week is

01. October 31? _______________________ 04. December 16? _________________________

02. November 02? _______________________ 05. October 30? ________________________

03. December 08? _______________________ 06. November 11? _________________________

Exercise 2
Write the dates using numbers.

01. September 3, 1949 ______________ 04. February 12 2012 ___________________

02. January 16 1970 ______________ 05. November 10 2015 ___________________

03. March 26 1983 ______________ 06. December 12 1912 ___________________

Exercise 3
Write the dates using words.
01. 4/16/78 __________________________ 04. 7/20/95 ____________________________

02. 10/1/11 __________________________ 05. 5/25/56 ____________________________

03. 8/26/80 __________________________ 06. 9/3/10 ____________________________

Days of the week Sunday Thursday

Monday Friday
01. What day is today? 02. What day is tomorrow? Tuesday Saturday
Today is Sunday. Tomorrow is Monday. Wednesday

03. What day was yesterday? 04. Whats your favorite day of the week?
Yesterday was Saturday. Its Thursday.

Exercise 1
Find the days of the week in the puzzle.

N Y Z Y U K Y W V D J U M P C

Q A Q A U B H J P B W A U M R

P D I D H K F T T J H F O M C

O N Y I C R T M E X N N K F I

B U A R U Z Q V Y T D Q L B K

D S E F V Y T J Y A S K S B Y

T H M I F I Q A Y P D J K G A

Z J F N B Z D M A K J T K D D

H Z A P H S Z Y D E U D P S S

C Y A D R U T A S J H H Q D E

F T H U W J R N E T U L C X N

D D H F F Y J F U Y W F E D D

O T O N S V B C T Q W X W I E

P S N X I O P Y H W P D M V W

R O N U N Q O I Y N N E B Z R

Exercise 2
Unscramble the letters and write the days correctly.
01. Syadautr ___________ 03. Mdoayn ________________ 05.Tuhdyars ___________

02. Tedyusa ___________ 04. Syuadn ________________ 06. Fyradi ___________

07. Wydadenes ________________

Personal information
Names Pedro Mario Gaitan
First name Middle name Last name (surname)

01. Whats your first name? My first name is Pedro.

02. Whats your middle name? My middle name is Mario.
03. Whats your last name? My last name is Gaitan.
04. Whats your full name? My full name is Pedro Mario Gaitan.

Exercise
Ask your classmates about their first, middle, and surnames. Also ask about their relatives.

Address

street block turn right to the left traffic circle crossing go back
avenue city turn left to the right roundabout go down upper street
highway country go straight side walk crossroads walk down neighborhood
corner zip code go ahead traffic light junction turn back
Wednesday
Whats your address? My address is Managua, Morazn neighborhood, Linda Vista traffic light two
blocks north.

Whats his address? His address is Masaya, San Geronimo neighborhood, from the church five
blocks east.

Whats her address? Her address is Managua, Villa Miguel Gutierrez neighborhood, La Virgen
traffic light, two blocks south, three blocks west.
Cardinal points
Exercise North East
Ask you classmates about their addresses. South West

E mails
vertical bar

01. Whats your e-mail? My e-mail is juancbe2002@yahoo.com

02. Whats his e-mail? His e-mail is marcolopez120612@gmail.com at asterisk comma dash
03. Whats her e-mail? Her e-mail is margarita86200@hotmail.com

semi colon dot underscore back slash forward slash

Exercise1
Ask your classmates about their e-mails. Write them.
01. ______________________________________ 03. _____________________________________

02. ______________________________________ 04. _____________________________________

Exercise 2
Listen to the teacher. Write the e-mails and web pages.

01. ______________________________________ 04. _____________________________________

02. ______________________________________ 05. _____________________________________

03. ______________________________________ 06. _____________________________________

Date and place of birth

01. When were you born? I was born in 1972. I was born on September 12 1972.
02. Where were you born? I was born in Managua.
03. When was your brother born? He was born in 1975. He was born on March 20 1975.
04. When was your sister born? She was born in 1983. She was born on June 17 1983.

Exercise
Ask your classmates about their date and place of birth.

Marital status and titles Titles

Mr. (single and married man) Mr. Albert incorrect
Marital status Miss (single woman) Mr. Albert Smith correct
single divorced widow Mrs. (married woman) Mr. Smith correct
married engaged widower Ms. (single and married woman)
maam
Exercise 1
COMPLETE THE FORM. USE YOUR OWN INFORMATION. SIGN YOUR NAME.

JOB REGISTRATION FORM

NAME: _________________________________________________________________
(first) (middle) (last)

DATE OF BIRTH: ________________________________________________________

(month) (date) (year)

TELEPHONES: __________________________________________________________
(house) (cell) (work)

ADDRESS: ______________________________________________________________
(department) (city) (neighborhood)

E-MAIL: ________________________________________________________________

POSITION: __________________________ SIGNATURE: _____________________

Exercise 2
Complete the questions with the words below.

surname name

01. Whats your _______________? John. 02. Whats your ____________ name? Thompson.

apartment social security phone

03. Whats your _________________ number? 5657937.

04. Whats your _________________ number? 450-78-5785.

05. Whats your _________________ number? 602.

zip area

06. Whats your ____________ code? 59633. 07. Whats your _____________ code? 212.

Exercise 3
Match the questions with the answers.

_______ 01. Whats your surname? a. 365 44th Avenue.

_______ 02. Whats your first name? b. W-A-T-T-E-R-S-O-N.

_______ 03. Whats your address? c. Joseph.

_______ 04. How do you spell that? d. Watterson.

_______ 05. Whats your apartment number? e. Philadelphia.

_______ 06. Whats your city? f. 435-68-5684.

_______ 07. Whats your telephone number? g. 690-6949.

_______ 08. Whats your social security number? h. 3B

Exercise 4
LISTEN AND WRITE THE WEBSITES AND EMAILS ADDRESSES

01. _______________________________________________________________________________

02. _______________________________________________________________________________

03. _______________________________________________________________________________
04. _______________________________________________________________________________

05. _______________________________________________________________________________
Saying and accepting thanks

Thank you!
Thanks! Thats all right! The pleasure is all mine.
Thanks a lot! Youre welcome. Youre very welcome.
Thank you very much! Dont mention it. Its my pleasure.
Thats very kind of you. Not at all. It wasnt a problem at all.
Youre so helpful. Its nothing. My pleasure.

Colors
Primary colors: red, blue, and yellow. Secondary colors: green, orange, and purple

black red blue yellow green pink gray

orange brown beige purple white silver gold

01. Whats your favorite color? My favorite color is brown. Exercise 1

02. Whats his favorite color? His favorite color is blue. Ask your classmates about
03. Whats her favorite color? Her favorite color is green. their favorite color.
04. What are the color of Nicaraguas flag? They are blue and white.

Exercise 2
Complete with the missing words.

01. p ____ ____ k 05. r ____ ____ 09. ____ lu ____

02. gr ____ ____ n 06. w ____ ____te 10. ____ r ____ a ____

03. y ____ ll ____ ____ 07. ____ ____ r ____ l ____ 11. o ____ an ____ ____

04. b ____ ____ w ____ 08. B ____ ____ ____ k 12. be ____ ____ ____

Exercise 3
What colors describe the following objects?

01. a lemon _____________ 04. the sky _______________

02. a tomato _____________ 05. an orange _______________

03. snow _____________ 06. a canary _______________

INTRODUCTORY TOPICS REVIEW

Exercise 1
PUT THE LINES OF THE CONVERSATIONS IN ORDER. THEN WRITE THE
CONVERSATIONS.

01. ________ Im fine, thank you. And you, Mrs. Harris?

________ Good, thanks.

________ Hello, Mr. Salazar. How are you?

A: ____________________________________________________________________________

B: ____________________________________________________________________________

A: ____________________________________________________________________________

02. ________ O.K. How are you?

________ Hi, Harry.

________ Oh, not bad.

________ Hi, Pete. How are you?

A: ____________________________________________________________________________

B: ____________________________________________________________________________

A: ____________________________________________________________________________

B: ____________________________________________________________________________

03. ________ Good, thank you.

________ Hello, Ms. Jacobs. How are you today?

________ Hello, Mr. Oshima.

________ Fine, thank you. How are you?

A: ____________________________________________________________________________

B: ____________________________________________________________________________
 A: ____________________________________________________________________________

B: ____________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 2
Circle the correct words.

01. A: Whats ( my / you / your ) name, please?

B: Smith. Sylvester Smith.

A: S-M-I-T-H

B: Yes, ( its / Im / thats ) right.

A: Could you spell your ( first / last ) name, please?

B: S-Y-L-V-E-S-T-E-R

A: Thank you, ( Miss / Mr. / Mrs. ) Smith. Sign here, please.

02. A: ( Am / Are / Is ) you Elena Lopes?

B: Yes, I ( am / are / is ):

A: Im sorry, could you spell your ( first / last ) name, please?

B: L-O-P-E-S

A: Sign here, please.

B: O.K.

A: Thank you, ( Mr. / Ms. / Elena ) Lopes.

Exercise 3
Choose a orb.

01. Thank you. 02. Is this 555-1037? 03. Im sorry. 04. Is Susan there?
a. Yes, it is. a. Thats O.K. a. Thats O.K. a. No, I dont.
b. Youre welcome. b. No, it isnt. a. Yes, I do. b. Yes, she is.

Exercise 4
Answer and write the math problems.

01. 3 + 2 = _______ ________________________________________________________________

02. 4 * 5 = _______ ________________________________________________________________

03. 3 + 6 = _______ ________________________________________________________________

04. 5 5 = _______ ________________________________________________________________

05. 8 / 2 = _______ ________________________________________________________________

06. 10 3 = ______ ________________________________________________________________

07. 10 * 2 = ______ ________________________________________________________________

08. 1 + 6 = ______ ________________________________________________________________

09. 4 1 = ______ ________________________________________________________________

10. 9 / 3 = ______ ________________________________________________________________

Exercise 5
Complete the conversation with the appropriate questions.

A: ________________________________________________________________________________

B: Tony Stavros.

A: ________________________________________________________________________________

B: S-T-A-V-R-OS.

A: ________________________________________________________________________________

B: Its 555-7469.

A: ________________________________________________________________________________

B: Its 950 Rockefeller Avenue.

Exercise 6
Match the numbers and words.

01. _______ eight divided by four equals two. a. addition

02. _______ four times three equals twelve. b. subtraction

03. _______ six plus two equals eight. c. multiplication

04. _______ nine minus six equals three. d. division

05. _______eight times two equals sixteen. e. 16 8 = 8

06. _______ sixteen divided by eight is two. f. 8 * 2 = 16

07. _______ sixteen minus eight equals eight. g. 8 + 8 = 16

08. _______ eight plus eight is sixteen. h. 16 / 8 = 2

Exercise 7
Complete with the missing day of the week.

01. Monday __________________ Wednesday 04. Saturday __________________ Monday

02. Friday __________________ Sunday 05. Thursday _________________ Saturday

03. Tuesday __________________ Thursday 06. Sunday __________________ Tuesday

Exercise 8
Circle the word that doesnt belong.

01. January May Monday April

02. Tuesday Saturday Sunday September

03. see you tomorrow hello good morning good evening

04. Friday February March October

05. her my they our

06. thanks youre welcome thank you very much thanks a lot

07. nice to meet you glad to meet you happy to meet you good night

08. I he your you

09. see you on Monday good afternoon take care goodbye

10. dime one hundred dollar bill penny quarter

Exercise 9
Write the next month.

01. June July _________________ 04. April May ____________________

02. February March _________________ 05. October November ____________________

03. December January _________________ 06. August September ____________________

Exercise 10
Listen and write the time you hear.

01. _______________ 04. ______________ 07.____________ 10. ____________

02. _______________ 05. ______________ 08.____________ 11. ____________

03. _______________ 06. ______________ 09.____________ 12. ____________

Exercise 11
Circle the correct times.

01. a. Its four oclock. 02. a. Its eleven thirteen. 03. a. Its a quarter after nine.
b. Its five oclock. b. Its eleven thirty. b. Its three fifteen.

04. a. Its twelve oclock. 05. a. Its half past six. 06. a. Its two fifteen.
b. Its twelve five. b. Its twelve half. b. Its a quarter to three.

07. a. Its one thirty. 08. a. Its a quarter to seven.09. a. Its six thirty five.
b. Its one forty five. b. Its a quarter after seven. b. Its six half.

Exercise 12
Interview a classmate or coworker. Report the information to the class.

INTERVIEW SHEET

INTERVIEWER: ___________________________________________________________________

INTERVIEWED: ___________________________________________________________________

POSITION: ___________________________ DATE: ____________________________________

01. When is your birthday?

02. Whats your telephone number?

03. Whats your e-mail?

04. Whats your address?

05. Whats your favorite day of the week?

06. Whats your favorite month of the year?

07. What time do you usually have lunch?

08. Whats your favorite color?

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE VERB TO BE

AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES

LONG CONTRACTED Examples: I'm an English teacher

FORM FORM I'm in class.
I am Im
you are youre You're a student.
he is hes You're in class.
she is shes
it is its Karla is a nurse.
we are were She's at the hospital.
you are youre
they are theyre

EXERCISE 1
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES. USE PRONOUN + BE.

01. Sara is a student. _______________ in my class.

02. Jim is a student. ____________ in my class.

03. I have one brother. ___________ twenty years old.

04. I have two sisters. ___________ students.

05. I have a dictionary. _________ on my desk.

06. I like my classmates. _____________ friendly.

07. I have three books. __________ on my desk.

08. My brother is twenty-six years old. ________ married.

09. My sister is twenty one years old. _________ single.

10. Yoko and Ali are students. _________ in my class.

11. I like my books. _________ interesting.

12. I like grammar. _________ easy.

13. Kate and I live in an apartment. _____________ roommates.

14. We live in an apartment. ____________ on Pine Street.

15. I go to school. ___________ a student.

16. I know you. __________ in my English class.

NEGATIVE SENTENCES

LONG CONTRACTED Examples: I'm not a doctor.

FORM FORM I'm not at the hospital.
I am not Im not
you are not youre not\you arent You aren't a teacher.
he is not hes not\he isnt You aren't at school
she is not shes not\she isnt
it is not Its not\it isnt Carlos isn't a mechanic.
we are not were not\we arent He isn't in the garage.
you are not youre not\you arent
they are not theyre not\they arent

EXERCISE 1
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE CORRECT INFORMATION.

artist (Jim) gardener (Mike) bus driver (Ms. Black)

doctor (sue) police officer (Mr. Rice) photographer (Ann)

01. Ann ________ a gardener. She _______________________________.

02. Mike _______ a gardener. He _____________ an artist.

03. Jim ______ a bus driver. He _________________________________.

04. sue ______ a photographer. She ______________________________.

05. Mr. Rice ________ a police officer. He _________________________.

06. Ms. Black isnt a __________________. She ______________________.

07. Im not a ________________________. Im a _____________________.

INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES AND SHORT ANSWERS

NOTE
- Never contract affirmative short answers, always contract negative short answers.

SHORT ANSWERS
INTERROGATIVE AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
Am I _________? Yes, I am. No, Im not.
Are you _________? Yes, you are. No, youre not.\No you arent.
Is he _________? Yes, he is. No, hes not.\No, he isnt.
Is she _________? Yes, she is. No, shes not.\No she isnt.
Is it _________? Yes, it is. No, its not.\No it isnt.
Are we _________? Yes, we are. No, were not.\No, we arent
Are you _________? Yes, you are. No, youre not.\No you arent.
Are they _________? Yes, they are. No, theyre not.\No they arent.
Examples:
01. Is Mary a nurse? 02. Are you an accountant? 03. Are Ronald and Mary married?
Yes, she is. Yes, I am. No, they arent.

04. Are you students? 05. Is the chair new? 06. Is your father at home?
Yes, we are. No, it isnt. Yes, he is.

Exercise
MAKE QUESTIONS AND GIVE SHORTANSWERS.

01. A: ____________________________________________________________________________

B: ___________________________ (Im not married.)

02. A: ____________________________________________________________________________

B: ___________________________ (Anna is in my class.)

03. A: ____________________________________________________________________________

B: ___________________________ (Im not homesick.)

04. A: ____________________________________________________________________________

B: __________________________ (Bob is homesick.)

05. A: ____________________________________________________________________________

B: __________________________ (Sue isnt here today.)

06. A: ____________________________________________________________________________

B: __________________________ (The students in this class are intelligent.)

07. A: ____________________________________________________________________________

B: __________________________ (The chairs in this room arent comfortable.)

08. A: ____________________________________________________________________________

B: __________________________ (Im not married.)

09. A: ____________________________________________________________________________

B: __________________________ (Tom and I are roommates.)

10. A: ____________________________________________________________________________

B: __________________________ (A butterfly is not a bird.)

POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES

SUBJECT POSSESSIVE
PRONOUNS ADJECTIVES Examples:
I my I have a book. My book is red
You your You have a book. Your book is red.
He his She has a book. Her book is red.
She her He has a book. His book is red.
It its The dog is black. Its name is blacky.
We our We have books. Our books are red.
You your You have books. Your books are red.
They their They have books. Their books are red.

NOTE
- Possessive adjectives indicate possessions.
- Possessive adjectives are followed by nouns.
- They have the same form in singular and plural.

EXERCISE 1
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH MY, YOUR, HER, HIS, OUR, OR THEIR.

01. Rita is wearing a blouse. ____________ blouse is light blue.

02. Tom is wearing a shirt. ___________ shirt is yellow and brown.

03. I am wearing jeans. _________ jeans are blue.

04. Bob and Tom are wearing boots. ________ boots are brown.

05. Sue and you are wearing dresses. ________ dresses are red.

06. Ann and I are wearing sweaters. ________ sweaters are green.

07. You are wearing shoes. ________ shoes are dark brown.

08. Sue is wearing a skirt. _______ skirt is black.

09. John is wearing a belt. ______ belt is white.

10. Sue and Ann are wearing socks. ________ socks are dark gray.

11. Tom is wearing pants. ________ pants are dark blue.

12. I am wearing earrings. _______ earrings are gold.

INDEFINITE ARTICLES

NOTE
- They are used only with singular nouns
- Never use them with plural nouns.
- use an with nouns that begin with a vowel sound.
- use a with nouns that begin with a consonant sound.

Exercise 1
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES. USE AN ARTICLE (A OR AN)

01. ______ horse is _____ animal. 06. _____ dictionary is ______ book.

02. English is _______ language. 07. _____ hotel is _____ building.

03. Tokyo is ______ city. 08. _____ bear is _____ animal.

04. Australia is ______ country. 09. _____ bee is _____ insect.

05. Red is ______ color. 10. _____ ant is _____ insect.

EXERCISE 2
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES. USE A OR AN AND THE WORDS IN THE LIST.

animal country language city insect sport

01. Arabic is _______________________________.

02. Rome is _______________________________.

03. A cat is ________________________________.

04. Tennis is ______________________________.

05. Chicago is _____________________________.

06. Spanish is _____________________________.

07. Mexico is _____________________________.

08. A cow is ______________________________.

09. A fly is _______________________________.

10. Baseball is ____________________________.

11. China is ______________________________.

12. Russian is ____________________________.

EXERCISE 3
CHANGE THE SINGULAR SENTENCES TO PLURAL SENTENCES.

01. An ant is an insect. _______________________________________________________.

02. A computer is a machine. __________________________________________________.

03. A dictionary is a book. ____________________________________________________.

04. A chicken is a bird. ______________________________________________________.

05. A rose is a flower. _______________________________________________________.

06. A carrot is a vegetable. ___________________________________________________.

07. A rabbit is an animal. ____________________________________________________.

08. Egypt is a country. Indonesia is a country.

______________________________________________________________________.

09. Winter is a season. Summer is a season.

______________________________________________________________________.

EXERCISE 4
SAY THE COMPLETE SENTENCES.

01. A bear 06. September and October 11. China

02. An ant 07. Mexico and Canada 12. Winter and Summer
03. London 08. A dictionary 13. Arabic
04. Spring 09. Chickens 14. A computer
05. A carrot 10. A fly 15. Spanish

EXERCISE 1
WRITE SENTENCES USING IS, ISN`T, ARE, AND AREN`T AND THE GIVEN INFORMATION.

01. Africa/city/It/continent

___________________________________________________________________

02. Baghdad and Chicago/city/They/continent

___________________________________________________________________

03. Canada/country/It/city
 ___________________________________________________________________

04. Jakarta/country/It/city

___________________________________________________________________

05. Beijing and London/city/They/country

___________________________________________________________________

06. Asia/country/It/continent

___________________________________________________________________

07. Asia and America/continent/They/country

___________________________________________________________________

AFFIRMATIVENEGATIVEINTERROGATIVE

LONG CONTRACTED LONG CONTRACTED

FORM FORMFORMFORM
I am Im I am not Im not Am I ________?
you are youre you are not youre not\you arent Are you ______?
he is hes he is not hes not\he isnt Is he ________?
she is shes she is not shes not\she isnt Is she _______?
it is its it is not its not\it isnt Is it _________?
we are were we are not were not\we arent Are we ______?
you are youre you are not youre not\you arent Are you ______?
they are theyre they are not theyre not\they arent Are they ______?

SHORT ANSWERS
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
Yes, I am. No, Im not.
Yes, you are. No, youre not.\No you arent.
Yes, he is. No, hes not.\No, he isnt.
Yes, she is. No, shes not.\No she isnt.
Yes, it is. No, its not.\No it isnt.
Yes, we are. No, were not.\No, we arent
Yes, you are. No, youre not.\No you arent.
Yes, we are. No, were not.\No we arent.

NOTE
- The verb to BE is its own auxiliary verb in affirmative, negative, interrogative
sentences, and short answers in simple present tense.
- Never contract affirmative short answers, always contract negative short answers.
- The simple present expresses daily habits or usual activities.
- the simple present expresses general statements of fact.
- In affirmative sentences apply the rules for the third singular person HE, SHE, IT.
- Auxiliary verb DO is used in negative, interrogative sentences, and short answers.
- In negative and interrogative sentences the verb is in its basic form.

RULES FOR THE THIRD SINGULAR PERSON (he, she, it)

01. Adds s to the verb.

- I speak English. - My niece speaks English too.

02. Verbs ending in sh, -ch, -ss, x add es.

- Alice brushes her hair every morning. - You brush your teeth every day.

03. Verbs ending in y change y to i, and add es.

- Boris worries about his bills. - We carry our books to class every day.

If you have a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) + y only add s.

- Laura stays home at night. - We enjoy parties.

04. Verbs go-goes, do-does, have-has.

- I go to the movies once a month. Mary goes to the gym every evening.
- My sister has two daughters. I have a daughter and two sons.
- Students do homework. Katy does her homework.

NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE SENTENCESSHORT ANSWERS

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
I III
youyouyouyou
we do not (dont) Do we ________? Yes, we do. No, we dont.
theytheytheythey

hehehehe
she does not (doesnt) Does she ________? Yes, she does. No, she doesnt.
It ititit

EXERCISE 1
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES. USE PRONOUN + BE.

01. Sara is a student. _______________ in my class.

02. Jim is a student. ____________ in my class.

03. I have one brother. ___________ twenty years old.

04. I have two sisters. ___________ students.

05. I have a dictionary. _________ on my desk.

06. I like my classmates. _____________ friendly.

07. I have three books. __________ on my desk.

08. My brother is twenty-six years old. ________ married.

09. My sister is twenty one years old. _________ single.

10. Yoko and Ali are students. _________ in my class.

11. I like my books. _________ interesting.

12. I like grammar. _________ easy.

13. Kate and I live in an apartment. _____________ roommates.

14. We live in an apartment. ____________ on Pine Street.

15. I go to school. ___________ a student.

16. I know you. __________ in my English class.

NOTE
- ADJECTIVES often follow a form of be.
- ADJECTIVES describe people, animals, or things.

EXERCISE 3
FIND THE ADJECTIVE IN THE FIRST SENTENCE. THEN COMPLETE THE SECOND
SENTENCE WITH BE + AN ADJECTIVE THAT HAS AN OPPOSITE MEANING. USE THE
ADJECTIVES IN THE LIST. USE EACH ADJECTIVE ONLY ONE

beautiful expensive noisy short easy happy

clean fast old tall poor

01. Im not sad. I ________________________________________________.

02. Mr. Thomas isnt rich. He ______________________________________.

03. My hair isnt long. It __________________________________________.

04. My clothes arent dirty. They ___________________________________.

05. Flowers arent ugly. They ______________________________________.

06. Cars arent cheap. They ________________________________________.

07. Airplanes arent slow. They _____________________________________.

08. Grammar isnt difficult. It ______________________________________.

09. My sister isnt short. She _______________________________________.

10. My grandparents arent young. They ______________________________.
11. The classroom isnt quiet. It _____________________________________.

EXERCISE 4
WRITE SENTENCES USING IS OR ARE AND AN ADJECTIVE FROM THE LIST. USE EACH
ADJECTIVE ONLY ONCE.

cold funny round sweet dangerous hot small\little

dry important sour flat large\big square wet

01. Fire _____________________________________________.

02. Ice and snow ______________________________________________.

03. A box ___________________________________________________.

04. Balls and oranges __________________________________________.

05. Sugar ___________________________________________________.

06. An elephant ___________________, but a mouse _________________.

07. A rain forest __________________, but a desert __________________.

08. A joke __________________________________________________.

09. Good health _____________________________________________.

10. Guns arent safe. They ____________________________________.

11. A coin ______________ small, round, and ____________________.

12. A lemon _______________________________________________.

EXERCISE 5
COMPLETE THE CONVERSATIONS WITH YOUR OWN WORDS.

01. A: ___________________ you a student at this school?

B: Yes, _______________.

A: _____________ you from ____________________?

B: No, _____________ from ____________________.

02. A: Are you a\an ______________________________?

B: No, _____________ not. Im a\an __________________________.

03. A: Are _________________ expensive?

B: Yes, _______________________.

A: Is _______________ expensive?

B: No, _______________________.

EXERCISE 6
WRITE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN PARENTHESES.

01. A bird (sing) ___________________________________.

02. Birds (sing) ____________________________________.

03. Wood (float) ________________ on water.

04. Rivers (flow) ________________ toward the sea.

05. My mother (worry) ________________ about me.

06. A student (buy) _____________ a lot of books at the beginning of each term.

07. Airplanes (fly) _____________ all around the world.

08. Mr. Wong (teach) ________________ Chinese at the university.

09. The teacher (ask) _______________ a lot of questions in class every evening.

10. Mr. Smith (watch) _________________ game shows on TV every evening.

11. Music (consist) __________________ of pleasant sounds.

12. Pesticides (destroy) ______________________ insects.

13. Dust (travel) __________________ through the air.

14. The front page of a newspaper (contain) ___________________________ the most

important news of the day.

15. Water (freeze) ________________ at 32oF (0oC) and (boil) __________________

At 212oF (100oC).

16. Ms. Taylor never (cross) _______________ the street in the middle of a block. She

always (walk) ________________ to the corner and (use) _________________ the

pedestrian walkway.

17. Many parts of the world (enjoy) _______________ four seasons: spring, summer,
 autumn, and winter. Each season (last) _________________ three months and
bring changes in the weather.

EXRECISE 7
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE VERBS IN THE LIST. MAKE ALL OF THE
SENTENCES NEGATIVE. SOME VERBS MAY BE USED MORE THAN ONE TIME.

do go shave drink make smoke eat put on speak

01. Bob ____________________ to school every day.

02. My roommates are from Japan. They ____________________________ Spanish.

03. Roberto has a beard. He _____________________ in the morning.

04. We ____________________ to class on Sunday.

05. Sally is healthy. She ____________________ cigarettes.

06. Jane and Alex always have lunch at home. They _____________________ at the
cafeteria.

07. Sometimes I _______________ my homework in the evening. I watch TV instead.

08. My sister likes tea, but she _________________________ coffee.

09. Hamid is a careful writer. He ______________________ mistakes in spelling

when he writes.

10. Im lazy. I ____________________ exercises in the morning.

11. Sometimes Ann ___________________ her shoes when she goes outside.

EXERCISE 8
USE THE WORDS IN ITALICS TO MAKE NEGATIVE SENTENCES.

01. like, not Ingrid _____________________ tea.

02. like, not I ____________ tea.

03. know, not Mary and Jim are strangers. Mary _______________ Jim.

04. need, not Its a nice day today. You _______________ your umbrella.

05. snow, not It ________________ in Bangkok in the winter.

06. speak, not I ______________ French.

07. be, not I ______________ hungry.

08. live, not Butterflies ___________ long.

09. have, not A butterfly _____________ a long life.

10. be, not A butterfly __________ large.

11. be, not butterflies ___________ large.

12. have, not We ___________ class every day.

13. have, not This city ______________ nice weather in the summer.

14. be, not It _____________ cold today.

15. rain, not It _____________ every day.

EXERCISE 9
MAKE QUESTIONS. GIVE SHORT ANSWERS.

01. A: ______________________________________________________

B: __________________ (I like tea.)

02. A: ______________________________________________________

B: __________________ (I dont like coffee.)

03. A: ______________________________________________________

B: __________________ (I dont speak Chinese.)

04. A: ______________________________________________________

B: __________________ (Ann speaks Italian.)

05. A: ______________________________________________________

B: __________________ (Ann and Tom dont speak Arabic.)

06. A: ______________________________________________________

B: __________________ (I do exercises every morning.)

07. A: ______________________________________________________

B: __________________ (Sue has a cold.)

08. A: ______________________________________________________

B: __________________ (Jim doesnt do his homework every day.)

09. A: ______________________________________________________

B: __________________ (Im not tired.)

10. A: ______________________________________________________

B: __________________ (Anna is in my class.)

11. A: ______________________________________________________

B: __________________ (It rains a lot in April.)

12. A: ______________________________________________________

B: __________________ (Im not homesick.)

13. A: ______________________________________________________

B: __________________ (Bob is not homesick.)

14. A: _____________________________________________________

B: __________________ (Sue isnt here today.)

15. A: _____________________________________________________

B: __________________ (Frogs dont have tails.)

16. A: _____________________________________________________

B: __________________ (The students in this class are intelligent.)

EXERCISE 10
COMPLETE THE QUESTIONS IN THE WRITTEN CONVERSATIONS. USE IS, ARE, DOES, OR
DO.

CONVERSATION ONE

A: What time _____________ the movie start?

B: Seven-fifteen. __________ you want to come with us?

A: Yes. What time ________ it now?

B: Almost seven oclock. _________ you ready?

A: Yes, lets go.

CONVERSATION TWO

A: Where __________ my keys to the car?

B: I dont know. Where _________ you usually keep them?

A: In my purse. But theyre not there.

B: Are you sure?

A: Yes. ________ you see them?

B: No. _________ they in one of your pockets?

A: I dont think so.

B: _________ your husband have them?

A: No. he has his own set of car keys.

B: Well, I hope you find them.

A: Thanks.

CONVERSTION THREE

A: ____________ you go to school?

B: Yes.

A: ________ your brother go to school too?

B: No. He quit school last semester. He has a job now.

A: _________it a good job?

B: not really.

A: Where __________ he work?

B: At a restaurant. He washes dishes.

A: ________ he live with you?

B: No, he lives with my parents.

A: _______ your parents unhappy that he quit school?

B: Theyre very unhappy about it.

A: _______ they want him to return to school?

B: Of course. They have many dreams for him and his future.

PLURAL NOUNS

NOTE
- Nouns are words that refer to people, animals, and things.
- We have common nouns (student, car, doctor, dog, elephant, table, etc) and proper
nouns (Robert, Martha, Raquel, Julio, etc.)
- Proper nouns dont have plural form.

01. To make most nouns plural add s. 02. Add es to nouns ending in sh, ch, x, ss.
SINGULARPLURALSINGULARPLURAL
bird birds dish dishes
street streets match matches
rose roses class classes
elephant elephants box boxes

03. Consonant + y change y to i and add es. Vowel + y only add s.

SINGULARPLURALSINGULARPLURAL
baby babies boy boys
city cities key keys
lady ladies day days
country countries guy guys

04. Nouns ending in f or fe change to ves. 05. Irregular plural nouns

SINGULARPLURALSINGULARPLURAL
knife knives child children
shelf shelves foot feet
wife wives goose geese
thief thieves man men
exceptions: woman women
belief beliefs mouse mice
chief chiefs tooth teeth
roof roofs person people
cuff cuffs

06. The plural form of some nouns is the same as the singular form.
SINGULARPLURAL
deerdeer
fishfish
sheepsheep
offspringoffspring
speciesspecies
EXERCISE 1
WRITE THE PLURAL FORMS OF THE NOUNS

SINGULARPLURALSINGULARPLURAL

dormitory tax

child possibility

leaf thief

wish goose

fish attorney

opinion butterfly

mouse category

sandwich sheep

man wolf

woman stitch

flash foot

tooth belief

half apple

VI- DEMOSTRATIVE PRONOUNS

NEARFAR
SINGULARPLURALSINGULARPLURAL

This is my book. These are my books. That is your book. Those are your books.
This is a pen. These are pens. That is a pencil. Those are pencils.
EXERCISE 2
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES. USE THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES.

01. (This, These) _______________ books belong to me. (That, Those) ____________
belongs to Kate.

02. (This, These) ____________ coat is black. (That, Those) _________ coats are tan.

03. (This, These) ____________ earrings are gold. (That, Those) _________ earrings
are silver.
04. (This, These) ____________ pencil belongs to Alex. (That, Those) _________
pencil belongs to Olga.

05. (This, These) ____________ sunglasses belong to me. (That, Those) _________
sunglasses belong to you.

06. (This, These) ____________ exercise is easy. (That, Those) _________ exercises
are hard.

07. Students are sitting at (This, These) _________ desks, but (That, Those) _________
desks are empty.

08. (This, These) ____________ book is on my desk. but (That, Those) _________
books are on your desks.

POSSESSIVE S.

NOTE
- An apostrophe () and an s are used with nouns to show possession.
- If the nouns that possess ends in s another s is not necessary, only add the .

Examples: I know the students name.

I know the students names.
I know the childrens names.

EXERCISE 3
USE THE CORRECT POSSESSIVE FORM OF THE NOUN IN ITALICS TO COMPLETE THE
SENTENCE.

01. student One student asked several questions. I answered the ______________
questions.

02. students Many students had questions after the lecture. I answered the
____________ questions.

03. daughter We have one child, a girl. Our _________________ bedroom is right
next to ours.

04. daughters We have two children, both girls. They share a bedroom. Our
______________________ bedroom is next to ours.

05. man Keith is a ______________ name.

06. woman Heidi is a ______________ name.

07. men Keith and Jeremy are _____________ names.

08. women Emily and Colette are ________________ names.

09. people Its important to be sensitive to other _______________ feelings.

10. person I always look straight into a _______________ during a conversation.

11. earth The ____________ surface is about seventy percent water.

12. elephant An _____________ skin is gray and wrinkled.

13. teachers We have class in this building, but all of the ____________________
offices are in another building.

14. teacher My grammar ______________ husband is an engineer.

15. enemy Two soldiers, each faceless and nameless to the other, fought to the
death on the muddy river bank. At the end, the winner could not help
but admire his ____________ courage and wonder why hed had die.

16. enemies Through the years in public office, he made many political enemies.
He made a list of his __________________ names so that he could get
Revenge when he achieved political power.

VIII- THERE IS\THERE ARE

AFFIRMATIVENEGATIVEINTERROGATIVE
LONG CONTRACTED LONG CONTRACTED
FORM FORMFORMFORM
there is theres there is not theres not\there isnt Is there _________?
there are X there are not there arent Are there

SHORT ANSWERS
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
Yes, there is. No, theres not\there isnt.
Yes, there are. No, there arent.

EXERCISE 4
FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH there is, there are, there isnt, there arent, is there or
are there.

Harold: Maude, __________________ nothing to do in the city. Lets go camping!

Maude: Camping? But _________________ any people our age in the mountains.

Harold: Sure _________________. And _______________ camping equipment in the

garage. Lets see I think _______________ a tent and _________________

two sleeping bags.

Maude: But _________________ a camp stove?

Harold: Yes, ___________________. But ___________________ no backpacks, and

____________________ any hiking boots.

Maude: Thats alright. I dont want to hike anyway. __________________ bathrooms

and showers at the campground?

Harold: Of course _________________.

Maude: ________________ a hotel nearby? Just in case it rains

Harold: I think ________________. Come on! Lets go hiking! _________________

nothing to lose.

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

NOTE
- Present progressive expresses the actions happening at the moment.
- Verb TO BE is used as auxiliary verb in affirmative, negative, interrogative
sentences, and short answers

SPELLING OF ING FORM

01. Verbs ending in e drop the e and add ing
smile smiling take taking
hope hoping write writing

02. If the verb has one syllable and ends in one vowel + one consonant, double the
consonant and add ing.
stop stopping plan planning
hit hitting sit sitting

03. In two-syllable verbs ending in vowel + consonant, if the first syllable is stressed, do
not double the consonant.
visit visitingoffer offering

04. In two-syllable verbs ending in vowel + consonant, if the second syllable is stressed,
double the consonant.
prefer preferring admit admitting

05. Add ing to all the verb that are not in the rules above.
help helping learn learning worry worrying
rain raining heat heating study studying

EXERCISE 1
WRITE THE ING FORM TO THE FOLLOWING VERBS.

start hit win

wait write explain

shout cut burn

meet hope swim

hop help tame

sleep tape choose

rain run ride

remind enjoy begin

EXERCISED 2
USE THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TO MAKE TWO SENTENCES ABOUT EACH SITUATION,
ONE NEGATIVE AND ONE AFFIRMATIVE.

01. (n) Nancy, stand up\(a) she, sit down

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

02. (n) Otto, watch the news\(a) he, talk on the phone
___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

03. (a) Anita, listen to music\(n) she, play the piano

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

04. (a) Sophia, read a magazine\(n) she, read a book

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

05. (n) the birds, fly\(a) they, sit on a telephone wire

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

EXERCISE 3
MAKE QUESTIONS

01. ___________________________________________________________ students?

 Yes, she is. (The teacher is helping students.)

02. __________________________________________________________________?
Yes, he is. (John is riding a bicycle.)

03. __________________________________________________________________?
No, Im not. (Im not sleeping.)

04. _______________________________________________________________ TV?

No, they arent. (The students arent watching TV.)

05. ____________________________________________________________ outside?

No, it isnt. (It isnt raining outside.)

ADVERB OF FREQUENCY
NOTE
- Adverbs of frequency express how often you do something.
- Adverbs of frequency come after verb TO BE.
- Adverbs of frequency come before other verbs.
- sometimescan also come at the beginning or at the end of a sentence.

100% always Bob always eats breakfast.

90-99% usually Tom is usually late for class.
75-90% often Sally and Roger are often late for class.
25-75% sometimes Mary sometimes watches TV.
05-10% seldom I seldom watch TV.
01-10% rarely I rarely drink milk.
0% never Jahaira is never late for class.

EXERCISE 3
ADD THE FREQUENCY ADVERBS TO THE SENTENCES.

01. always Ann is on time for class. __________________________________

02. always Ann comes to class on time. __________________________________

03. often Maria is late for class. __________________________________

04. often Maria comes to class late. __________________________________

05. never It snows in my hometown. ___________________________________

06. never It is very cold in my hometown. ________________________________

07. usually Bob is at home in the evening. _________________________________

08. usually Bob stays at home in the evening. ______________________________

09. seldom Tom studies at the library in the evening. ________________________

10. seldom His classmates are in the library in the evening.

__________________________________________________________

11. sometimes I skip breakfast. ___________________________________________

12. rarely I have time for a big breakfast. _______________________________

OTHER ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY

NOTE
- We can express frequency by saying how many times something happen.
once (one time) I drink tea once a day.
twice (two times) I see my cousin Sam twice a year.
three times I see my grandparents three times a week.
four times Mary drinks coffee four times a day.
etc.

EXERCISE 4
HOW OFTEN DO THE PEOPLE TAKE THE BUS? USE THE NUMBER IN PARENTHESES TO
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES. THEN COMPLETE THE SECOND SENTENCE WITH AN
ADVERB OF FREQUENCY.

01. Hamid takes the bus (7) ________________ a week. That means he ___________
takes the bus.

02. Ann takes the bus (1) ______________ a week. That means she _______________
takes the bus.

03. Yoko takes the bus (2) ______________ a week. That means she ______________
takes the bus.

04. Marco takes the bus (6) ______________ a week. That means he ______________
takes the bus.

05. Joe takes the bus (5) ________________ a week. That means he ______________
takes the bus.

06. Mr. Wu (0) ___________________ takes the bus.

07. Mrs. Cook takes the bus (3) ________________________ a week. That means she

_______________ takes the bus.

SIMPLE PRESENT vs PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

SIMPLE PRESENT
- The simple present expresses daily habits or usual activities.
- the simple present expresses general statements of fact.
- In affirmative sentences apply the rules for the third singular person HE, SHE, IT.
- Auxiliary verb DO is used in negative, interrogative sentences, and short answers.
- In negative and interrogative sentences the verb is in the simple form.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
- Present progressive expresses the actions happening at the moment.
- Verb TO BE is used as auxiliary verb in affirmative, negative, interrogative
sentences, and short answers.
- Gerund ing is added to the main verb.

EXRECISE 3
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH AM, IS, ARE, DO, DOES.

01. __________ you ready? The bus _________ leaving right now.

02. __________ you have enough money for the bus?

03. Oh, no. It ______ raining again. _________ it rain often in this city?

04. Excuse me, what time _________ you have?

05. No one is here. _________ I early or late?

06. I ________ looking for the registration office. ________ you know where it is?

07. When ________ the registration office close?

08. Where _______ your school?

09. Where _______ you live?

10. _____ your classmates live near you?

EXERCISE 4
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES.

01. A: Tom is on the phone.

B: (he, talk) ____________________ to his wife?

A: Yes.

B: (he, talk) ____________________ to her often?

A: Yes, he (talk) ________________ to her every day during his lunch break.

02. A: I (walk) ____________ to school every day. I (take, not) _________________

the bus. (you, take) _______________________ the bus?
 B: No, I dont.

03. A: Anna is in the hallway.

B: (she, talk) ______________________ to her friends?

A: No, she isnt. She (run) ________________________ to her next class.

04. A: I (read) ________________ the newspaper every day.

B: How about your grammar book? (you, read) ___________________________

your grammar book every day?

A: No, I dont. I (read, not) __________________ my grammar book every day.

05. A: What (you, read) ___________________________ right now?

B: I (read) ______________________ my grammar book.

06. A: (you, want) ___________________________ your coat?

B: Yes.

A: (be, this) ____________________ your coat?

B: No, my coat (hang) ___________________________ in the cloet.

NONPREGRESSIVE VERBS

NOTE
- Nonprogressive verbs are verbs we dont use in progressive tense.
- When think refers to believe is Nonprogressive, when it refers to the action of
thinking it can be used in progressive tense.
- When have refers to possess is Nonprogressive, with some expressions it can be
used in progressive tense.

hear see believe think understand know exist own have

belong need possess want remember like love hate forget
prefer smell taste dislike

EXERCISE 5
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES. USE THE SIMPLE
PRESENT OR THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE.

01. Right now Yoko (read) __________________ an article in the newspaper, but she

(understand, not) ____________________ it. Some of the vocabulary (be) ______

too difficult for her.

02. Right now I (look) _____________________ at the board. I (see) _____________

some words on the board.

03. I (need) ______________ to call my parents today and tell them about my new

apartment. They cant call me because they (know, not) _____________________

my new telephone number.
04. This tea is good. I (like) __________ it. What kind is it? I (prefer) ____________
tea to coffee. How about you?

05. Right now the children (be) ______ at the beach. They (have) ________________

a good time. They (have) ________ a beach ball, and they (play) ______________

catch with it. They (like) _________ to play catch. Their parents (sunbathe) _____
SIMPLE PAST TENSE VERB TO BE

AFFIRMATIVENEGATIVEINTERROGATIVESHORT ANSWERS
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
I IIII
he was he was not Was he ______? Yes, he was. No, he wasnt.
sheshe (wasnt) she sheshe
ititititit

wewewewewe
you were you were not Were you _____? Yes, you were. No, you werent.
theythey (werent) they theythey

EXERCISE 1
CHANGE THE SENTENCES TO THE PAST TIME.

01. Bob is in class today. __________________________________________.

02. Im in class today. __________________________________________.

03. Mary is at the library today. __________________________________________.

04. Were in class today. __________________________________________.

05. Youre busy today. __________________________________________.

06. Im happy today. __________________________________________.

07. The classroom is hot today. __________________________________________.

08. Ann is in her office today. __________________________________________.

09. Tom is in his office today. __________________________________________.

10. Ann and Tom are in their offices today. __________________________________.

EXERCISE 2
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES. USE WASNT OR WERENT. USE A PAST TIME
EXPRESSION.

PRESENTPAST
today yesterday
this morning yesterday morning
this afternoon yesterday afternoon
tonight last night
this week last week

01. Ken is here today, but ________________________________________________.

02. Im at home tonight, but ______________________________________________.

03. Olga is busy today, but _______________________________________________.

04. Tom is at the library tonight, but ________________________________________.

05. Alex and Rita are at work this afternoon, but ______________________________.

06. Youre here today, but ________________________________________________.

07. Dr. Ruckman is in her office this morning, but _____________________________.

08. Its cold this week, but ________________________________________________.

EXERCISE 3
MAKE QUESTIONS AND GIVE SHORT ANSWERS.

01. (you\at home\last night)

A: ________________________________________________________________

B: No, ________________________

02. (Mr. Yamamoto\absent from class\yesterday)

A: ________________________________________________________________

B: Yes, ________________________

03. (Oscar and Anya\at home\last night)

A: ________________________________________________________________

B: Yes, ________________________

04. (you\nervous\the first day of class)

A: ________________________________________________________________

B: No, ________________________

05. (Ahmed\at the library\last night)

 A: ________________________________________________________________

B: Yes, ________________________

06. (Mr. shin\in class\yesterday)

A: ________________________________________________________________

B: No, ________________________
A: Where __________________________________________________________
B: At home

07. (you and your family\in Canada\last year)

A: ________________________________________________________________

B: No, ________________________

A: Where __________________________________________________________
B: In Ireland.

08. (you\be\at the library\right now)

A: ________________________________________________________________

B: No, ________________________

A: Where __________________________________________________________
B: In class.

09. (you\in class\yesterday)

A: ________________________________________________________________

B: Yes, ________________________

10. (Anita\in class\today)

A: ________________________________________________________________

B: No, ________________________. She is absent.

11. (you\tired\last night)

A: ________________________________________________________________

B: Yes, ________________________. I went to bed early.

12. (you\hungry\right now)

 A: ________________________________________________________________

B: No, ________________________, but Im thirsty.

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

REGULAR VERBS
- Regular verbs form their simple past by adding ed.
01. Verbs ending in e just add -d
smile smiled hope hoped
02. If the verb has one syllable and ends in one vowel + one consonant, double the
consonant and add ed.
stop stopped plan planned

03. In two-syllable verbs ending in vowel + consonant, if the first syllable is stressed, do
not double the consonant.
visit visitedoffer offered

04. In two-syllable verbs ending in vowel + consonant, if the second syllable is stressed,
double the consonant.
prefer preferred admit admitted

05. Verbs ending in y change y to i, and add ed.

worry worried study studied

If you have a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) + y only add ed.

play played enjoy enjoyed

EXERCISE 1
WRITE THE ED FORM TO THE FOLLOWING VERBS.

start open refer

wait occur explain

shout happen burn

step hope offer

hop help tame

tap tape carry

rain happen listen

remind enjoy admit

visit omit hurry

study reply stay

EXERCISE 2
FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE CORRECT SIMPLE PAST TENSE OF THE REGULAR VERBS
IN PARENTHESES.

When I was a child, we (not, stay) __________________ inside watching TV in hot

weather. We (not, own) ________________ an air conditioning, so on warm summer

evenings, we (stay) ________________ outside on the porch for hours. Children (play)

___________ games or (look) ____________ at comic books. My dad (relax) _______

in his chair and (smoke) _______________ his pipe. Sometimes he (try) ___________

to do a crossword puzzle in the newspaper. Occasionally some neighbors (visit) ______

us on the porch. Then dad (stop) ______________ reading the newspaper and (discuss)

___________ current events with them. They (argue) ____________ about politics or

the economy.

After my mom (wash) ____________ the dinner dishes, she usually (join) ___________

us on the porch. She and my father (talk) _______________________ about the house,

neighborhood, and kids. Sometimes she (peel) _________________ apples. My dad

usually (help) ______________ my mom. When they (finish) _______________ they

(hand) _______________ each of us an apple. My family always (enjoy) ___________

those summer evenings on the porch.

IRREGULAR VERBS

- Most irregular verbs change structure and pronunciation from present to past.
dream dreamt lose lost have had hear heard
make made begin began come came choose chose
drink drank drive drove eat ate fall fell
find found get got give gave grow grew
know knew ride rode ring rang run ran
sing sang take took throw threw win won
write wrote bring brought buy bought catch caught
do did fly flew go went keep kept
leave left pay paid say said sell sold
sleep slept teach taught tell told think thought
- Some irregular verbs have the same spelling and pronunciation in past
costcost cut cut hit hit hurt hurt
letlet put put quit quit shut shut

- Some irregular verbs that end in d in past end in t.

bend bent build built lend lent
send sent spend spent

- read has same spelling but different pronunciation: read read

EXERCISE 1
WRITE THE SIMPLE PAST OF THESE IRREGULAR VERBS.

see eat give

fall take shake

drive ride write

bite hide break

speak steal get

wear draw grow

throw blow fly

drink sing swim

go have make

build lend send

spend leave lose

sleep feel meet

EXERCISE 2
FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE PAST FORM OF THE VERB IN PARENTHESES.

Cambridge University (send) _____________ me the letter of acceptance on May 10th.

I (let) __________ my father read the letter first. The he (read) ____________ it aloud

to the whole family. I know he and my mother (be) ________ proud. I (be) _________

really excited. I (sleep) __________ badly that night. The next day I (take) _________
my parents downtown.

We (have) __________ dinner in a nice restaurant. Two days later, I (go) ___________

shopping for some new clothes with my mother. The clothes (cost) __________ a lot of

money, but my mother proudly (spend) _____________ the money.

The day before I (leave) ____________, my friends (throw) _____________ me a going

away party. It (be) _________ a great party. The next morning, my alarm clock (ring)

_____________ but I didnt hear it. We had to hurry. I (get) ___________ ready

quickly and my parents (drive) _____________ me to the airport. I (catch) __________

the plane just in time.

On the airplane, I (think) ______________ about my home and my wonderful family

and friends. I (begin) _______________ to get a little homesick.

We (get) _________ to Heathrow Airport in London twelve hours later. After going

through immigration and customs, I (take) ___________ a train to Cambridge. Then I

(buy) __________ a newspaper and a map of the city at a shop near my hotel. I (know)

___________ I only (have) ____________ a week to find an apartment before school

(began) ____________, so I (read) _____________ the classified adds.

I (make) ____________ a lot of telephone calls the first few days, but I didnt have any

luck. Someone (tell) __________ me to go to an apartment rental agency. I (go) _____

to the agency, (pay) _________ them a fee, and they (give) ___________ me a list of

available apartments. A week later I (find) _______________a one-bedroom apartment

in a really nice building. I (meet) ____________ some nice neighbors on my first day

in my new apartment.

I still miss home, but I think I (make) ____________ the right decision when I decided
to come here.

EXERCISE 3
WRITE THE SIMPLE PAST OF THESE VERBS.
finish see go

have meet call

fall do know

fly come study

stay begin start

write teach eat

cut read learn

talk visit call

NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE SENTENCESSHORT ANSWERS

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
I III
youyouyouyou
wewewewe
they did not (didnt) Did they_______? Yes, they did. No, they didnt.
hehehehe
sheshesheshe
itititit

EXERCISE 4
COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING DIALOGUES. USE THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES. GIVE
SHORT ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS WHERE NECESSARY.

01. A: (you, go) ________________________ to school yesterday?

B: No, _____________. I (stay) __________________ home because I (feel, not)

____________________ good.

02. A: (you, sleep) _________________________ well last night?

B: Yes, __________________. I (sleep) _______________ very well.

03. A: (Toms plane, arrive) ___________________________ on time yesterday?

B: Yes, ________________. It (get in) _______________ at 06:05 on the dot.

04. A: (you, stay) _________________ home and (study) ______________ last night?

B: No, _____________. I (go) ________ to a new movie, The valley of Vampires.

 A: (you, like) __________________________________ it?

B: It was okay, I guess, but I dont really like horror movies.

05. A: (Mary, study) _____________________________ last night?

B: No, _______________. She (watch) ___________________ TV.

06. A: (Mark Twain, write) _______________________________ Tom Sawyer?

B: Yes, __________. He also (write) __________________ Huckleberry Finn.

07. A: (the children, go) _____________________________ to the zoo yesterday?

B: Yes, _______________. And they (have) ___________ a wonderful time.

08. A: (you, eat) __________________________ breakfast this morning?

B: No, _____________. I (have, not) ___________________ enough time. I was

late for class because my alarm clock (ring, not) ______________________.

EXERCISE 5
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE VERBS IN PARENTHESES. USE THE SIMPLE
PRESENT, THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE, OR THE SIMPLE PAST.

01. I (get) _____________ up at eight oclock yesterday morning.

02. Mary (talk) _____________ to John on the phone last night.

03. Mary (talk) _____________ to John on the phone right now.

04. Mary (talk) _____________ to John on the phone every day.

05. Jim and I (eat) __________ lunch at the cafeteria two hours ago.

06. We (eat) _______ lunch at the cafeteria every day.

07. I (go) ___________ to bed early last night.

08. My roommate (study) ________________ Spanish last year.

09. Sue (write) ____________ an e-mail to her parents yesterday.

10. Sue (write) ____________ an e-mail to her parents every week.

11. Sue is in her room right now. She (sit) ___________________ at her desk.

12. Maria (do) __________ her homework last night.

13. Yesterday, I (see) ___________ Fumiko at the library.
14. I (have) ___________ a dream last night. I (dream) _____________ about my

friends. I (sleep) ______________ for eight hours.

15. A strange thing (happen) ______________ to me yesterday. I couldnt remember

my own telephone number.

16. My wife (come) _____________ home around five every day.

17. Yesterday, she (come) _______________ home at 05:15.

18. Our teacher (stand) ____________________ in the middle of the room right now.

19. Our teacher (stand) _________________ in the front of the room yesterday.

20. Tom (put) __________ the butter in the refrigerator yesterday.

21. He (put) ________ the milk in the refrigerator every day.

22. Pablo usually (sit) ___________ in the front row. Today he (sit) ________ absent.

He (be) __________ absent two days ago too.

EXERCISE 6
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES. USE THE WORDS IN PARENTHESES. USE SIMPLE
PRESENTE, SIMPLE PAST, OR PRESENT PROGRESSIVE.

01. Jasmin (come, not) ____________________ to the meeting yesterday. She (stay)

__________________ in her office.

02. I (go) _________ to a movie last night, but I (enjoy, not) _____________________

it. It (be, not) ________________ very good.

03. Sue (read) ___________ a magazine right now. She (watch, not) ______________

TV. She (like, not) ____________________________to watch TV during the day.

04. Toshi is a busy student. Sometimes he (eat, not) ____________ lunch because he

(have, not) ____________________ enough time between classes. Yesterday he

(have, not) ___________________ time for lunch. He (get) _______ hungry.

Future in the Past

Like