BI 3: NH TNH CYCLIN V CLORAMPHENICOL.

Mc tiu: Sau khi thc tp xong, sinh vin phi:

1. Lm c cc phn ng nh tnh v phn bit cc cyclin.

2. Lm c cc phn ng nh tnh cloramphenicol.

Ni dung:

I. NH TNH CC CYCLIN
R1 R2 R3
Tetracyclin H H OH
Oxytetracyclin OH H OH
Doxycyclin OH H H
Clotetracyclin H Cl OH

1. TNH CHT

1.1 Tetracyclin hydroclorid C22H24N2O8. HCl P.t.l: 408,9

Bt kt tinh vng, khng mi, v ng.

Tan trong 10 phn nc, dung dch trong nc v sau vn c do phng thch
tetracyclin base. Tan trong 100 phn cn 95o.

1.2 Oxytetracyclin hydroclorid C22H24N2O9. HCl P.t.l: 496,9

Bt kt tinh vng, khng mi, v ng.

Tan trong 3 phn nc, dung dch trong nc v sau vn c do phng thch
oxytetracyclin base. Kh tan trong cn.

1.3 Doxycyclin hydroclorid C22H24N2O8. HCl. 1/2H2O P.t.l: 512,9

Bt kt tinh vng.

Tan trong 3 phn nc, 4 phn methanol, tan chm trong ethanol 96o, khng tan
trong cloroform, ether. Tan trong dung dch kim carbonat, pH dung dch 1% (khi
lng/th tch) l 2-3.

1.4 Clotetracyclin hydroclorid C22H23N2O8Cl. HCl P.t.l: 515,4

Bt vng, khng mi, v ng.

 Tan nh trong nc v cn, khng tan trong cloroform, aceton.

2. PHN NG NH TNH CHUNG

2.1 Phn ng mu vi FeCl3

Ha tan mt t ch phm (bng ht go) trong 1ml nc. Thm 2 git hn hp

(gm 9ml ethanol v 1ml dung dch FeCl3 10%). Cc cyclin cho mu nu sm.

2.2 Phn ng vi thuc th Fehling

Ly mt t ch phm (bng ht go) ha tan trong 2ml NaOH 0,1N.

Thm 1ml thuc th Fehling (dung dch Fehling A v Fehling B t l 1:1), un

nng. Mu xanh l xut hin (quan st nhanh), ri ta Cu2O to thnh. Ring
doxycyclin cho mu xanh l cy m.

3. PHN NG NH TNH PHN BIT

Thc hin cng lc cc ch phm.

Phn ng mu vi H2SO4 m c

Cho t ch phm (c ht go) ln mt knh ng h kh. Nh 1 git H2SO4

ln. Quan st ngay tc khc.

Tetracyclin: cho mu tm, thm nc chuyn thnh vng sm.

Oxytetracyclin: cho mu thm, thm nc chuyn thnh mu vng.

Doxycyclin: cho mu vng.

Clotetracyclin: cho mu xanh dng m, ri chuyn thnh mu tm m, thm

nc chuyn mu vng cam.

4. PHN NG XC NH MUI HYDROCLORID

Ha 0,1 g ch phm vi 5ml nc. Lc. Thm vo dch lc 3 git HNO3 10%, 3
git dung dch AgNO3 5%. Cc mui hydroclorid cho ta trng, vn.

II. NH TNH CLORAMPHENICOL C11H12N2O5Cl2 P.t.l: 323,13

Tnh cht:
Bt kt tinh trng, trng xm hay trng vng, khng mi, v rt ng.
 tan: d tan trong cn, aceton, ethyl acetat, propylen glycol. Hi tan trong
ether v cloroform. Kh tan trong nc (1 phn 400 25o C)

Thnh phn % clor: 21,95%

nh tnh:
Lc mt t cloramphenicol vi 2ml dung dch NaOH 10%, un cch thy s hin
mu vng. Tip tc un cch thy, mu chuyn dn sang cam.
un n si: chc amin b thy phn, ng thi nit mch ngang b tch ra
di dng NH3 (pht hin bng giy qu ) c kt ta gch.
Dung dch ngui, acid ha bng HNO3 long. Lc b ta.
Dch lc thm vi git AgNO3 3%: c ta trng to thnh.