Quiz Question Pool 1 Spring 2017

Below you will find a list of possible questions for the first of the weekly lab quizzes, which will be
administered the week beginning January 23; your instructor will choose 10 points worth of
questions from the list. This is the only week you will receive this quiz by e-mail. In the future, a list
of possible quiz questions will be posted on Blackboard under Lab Info by Thursday of the
preceding week at 5 PM.

ALWAYS SHOW YOUR WORK! Avoid the use of ambiguous symbols for dominant vs.
recessive alleles.

Hint: you may have to consult your textbook (or the internet) for answers!

1) What is an M.S.D.S. & where in lab would you find one? (2 points)
Material Safety Data Sheet, Outside the Laboratory

2) Be able to identify/draw the to identify health hazards. (1 point each)

3) On a hazard rating label, the health hazard assessment is located at 12 OR 3 OR 6 OR 9 oclock.

Substances with the number 4 are NOT OR HIGHLY dangerous. (2 points)
4) What are 3 visible differences between male & female fruit flies BESIDES their genitals & their
sizes? (3 points)
Male: smaller in size, abdomen shorter and blunder/ pigment band are fused dark/ sex comb-
dark bristles/ 5 abdomen tergites and 4 sternites
Female: vaginal plate and ovipositor/ 7 visible abdomen dorsal( less black fused on back) tergites /
6 sternities

5) a. What kind of female fruit flies will you use in most crosses & why? (3 points)
Virgin females because females remain virgins for only 8-10 hours after eclosure and must be
collected within this time frame, mating female make it impossible to identify the genotype
of male
b. What are 2 identifying features of these females? (2 points)
They should have a light green body and a dark spot on the ventral abdomen through the body
wall.

6) In the following Drosophila cross, which is the male? (1 point)

sepia x dumpy (triats sepia= color and dumpy = wings)

sepia is the female (female always goes to the left), dumpy is male.
sepia male vs dumpy female
dummy male vs sepia female
7) How many flies should you use in a cross? (2 points)
3 GUARANTEED VIRGINS females, 5 males

8) What is meconium? NB: This is not in the lab manual; you will have to look it up elsewhere! (2
points)
there will be visible a dark greenish spot on the virgin female, the melanin bands on the abdomen
will be light/ cuticle harden it will be yellow the female is mating
9) What are the 4 stages of the Drosophila life cycle? (4 points)
Egg, Larva, Pupa and Adult
10) What do Drosophila eat? (1 point)
Soft fruits in yeast. The yeast ferments the fruit further. YEAST.

11) How will we stop the flies from moving around when we want to look at them? (2 points)
CO2 will be used to stop the fruit flies from moving.
We will anesthetize them with CO2

12) At 25C, how long does it take for a fruit fly to reach maturity? (1 point)
10 days
13) Which part of a larva becomes the adult? What happens to the rest of the larva? (3 points)

14) What crosses will you be doing this week? (2 points)

sepia male vs dumpy female
dummy male vs sepia female
15) In flies, red eyes are dominant to brown eyes, while long wings are dominant to dumpy wings. You
will cross a true-breeding fly with red eyes & dumpy wings to a true-breeding fly with brown eyes &
long wings.
a. What genotype & phenotype do you expect in the F1 generation? (1 point)
b. Draw a Punnett Square which represents the F2 generation & give phenotypic ratios. (4 points)
R= red eyes, dominant (RR)
r = recessive, brown (rr)
T = long wing, dominant (TT)
t = dumpy wings, recessive (tt)
 Rt Rt

rT RrTt RrTt

rT RrTt RrTt

F1 is heterogynous (dominant an-d recessive cross mix) 100% RrTt

F2 generation (9:3:3:1 ratio)

16) a. How often can E.coli divide? (1 point)

E.coli can divide every 20-30 mins under ideal conditions
b. How many bacterial cells give rise to a single colony? (1 point)
1 cell gives rise to 1 colony
c. Can E. coli swim in liquid culture? On a plate? (2 points)

17) In what 2 ways did we measure the density of bacterial cells in a culture? (4 points)
Optical density establishes the approx. number of bacteria/mL and quantitative plating of the
same culture establishes the concentration of cells in the viable population.
18) To get a plate with 100 colonies on it, how much must you dilute a bacterial culture with an O.D.500
of 0.15? Assume that you plate 0.1 ml, and that O.D.500 = 0.5 when there are 2 x 108 bacteria/ml. (2
points)
0.15/0.5 = concentration/2 8 10^8 bacteria
concentration = (2 * 10^8)(0.15)/5 mL
concentration = 6.0*10^6
dilution factor = initial concentration / final concentration

final concentration = 100 cells / 10^-1 mL = 1.0 * 10^3 cells / mL

dilution factor = 6.0 * 10^6 / 1 * 10^3 = 6.0 * 10^3

19) Describe how you would carry out a dilution of 4 x 105 fold on a bacterial culture, using a total of no
more than 50 ml dilution medium and never pipetting less than 100 l (0.1 ml) at any step. (3 points)
Tubes Whats in it Whats going in it What fold

Tube A Original Culture - -

Tube B 9.9 mL of diluent 100 uL of Tube A 100

Tube C 9.9 mL of diluent 100 uL of Tube B 10,000

10^2 * 10^2 * 10^1= 10^5

Problem 2-6:
Piebald spotting is a condition found in humans in which there are patches of skin that lack
pigmentation. The condition results from the inability of pigment-producing cells to migrate properly
during development. Two adults with piebald spotting have one child who has this trait and a second
child with normal skin pigmentation.
a. Is the piebald spotting trait dominant or recessive? What information led you to this answer? (3
points)
b. What are the genotypes of the parents? (1 point)

Piebald spotting trait is a dominant phenotype. Two affected individuals have an

affected child and a normal child. This is not possible if the affected individuals were
homozygous for a recessive allele conferring piebald spotting.

They both must be dominant heterozygous since they have an unaffected child.

Problem 2-8:
A mutant cucumber plant has flowers that fail to open when mature. Crosses can be done with this plant
by manually opening and pollinating the flowers with pollen from another plant. When closed x open
crosses were done, all the F1 progeny were open. The F2 plants were 145 open and 59 closed. A cross of
closed x F1 gave 81 open and 77 closed. How is the closed trait inherited? What evidence led you to
your conclusion? (3 points)

Problem 2-10:
In humans, a dimple in the chin is a dominant characteristic.
a. A man who does not have a chin dimple has children with a woman with a chin dimple whose mother
lacked a dimple. What proportion of their children would be expected to have a chin dimple? Show the
parents genotypes. (2 points)
b. A man with a chin dimple and a woman who lacks the dimple produce a child who lacks a dimple.
What is the mans genotype? (1 point)
c. A man with a chin dimple and a nondimpled woman produce eight children, all having chin dimples.
Can you be certain of the mans genotype? Why or why not? (2 points)

Problem 2-12:
You have just purchased a black stallion. You mate him to a red mare, and she delivers twin foals, one
red and one black. Can you tell from these results how color is inherited, assuming that alternative
alleles of a single gene are involved? What crosses could you do to work this out? (3 points)

Problem 2-16:
What is the probability of producing a child that will phenotypically resemble either one of the two
parents in the following four crosses? How many phenotypically different kinds of progeny could
potentially result from each of the following four crosses? (2 points each)
a. Aa Bb Cc Dd x aa bb cc dd
b. aa bb cc dd x AA BB CC DD
c. Aa Bb Cc Dd x Aa Bb Cc Dd
d. aa bb cc dd x aa bb cc dd

Problem 2-18 (modified):

Galactosemia is a recessive human disease that is treatable by restricting lactose and glucose in the diet.
Susan Smithers and her husband are both heterozygous for the galactosemia gene. If Susan and her
husband have four children, what is the probability that: (1 point each)
a. none of the four will have galactosemia?
b. at least one child will have galactosemia?
c. only one child will have galactosemia?
d. the first two will have galactosemia and the second two will not?
e. two will have galactosemia and two will not, regardless of order?

Problem 2-22:
The self-fertilization of an F1 pea plant produced from a parent plant homozygous for yellow and
wrinkled seeds and a parent homozygous for green and round seeds resulted in a pod containing seven
F2 peas. (Yellow and round are dominant). What is the probability that all seven peas in the pod are
yellow and round? (2 points)

Problem 2-34:
Consider the pedigree that follows for cutis laxa, a connective tissue disorder in which the skin hangs in
loose folds.
a. Assuming complete penetrance and that the trait is rare, what is the apparent mode of inheritance? (1
point)
b. What is the probability that individual II-2 is a carrier? (1 point)
c. What is the probability that individual II-3 is a carrier? (1 point)
d. What is the probability that individual III-1 is affected by the disease? (2 points)

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