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Meat Authentication: A New HPLCMS/MS

Based Method for the Fast and Sensitive


Detection of Horse and Pork in Highly
Processed Food
Abstract

Fraudulent blending of food products with meat from undeclared species is a problem on a
global scale, as exemplified by the European horse meat scandal in 2013. Routinely used
methods such as ELISA and PCR can suffer from limited sensitivity or specificity when
processed food samples are analyzed. In this study, we have developed an optimized method for
the detection of horse and pork in different processed food matrices using MRM and MRM3
detection of species-specific tryptic marker peptides. Identified marker peptides were sufficiently
stable to resist thermal processing of different meat products and thus allow the sensitive and
specific detection of pork or horse in processed food down to 0.24% in a beef matrix system. In
addition, we were able to establish a rapid 2-min extraction protocol for the efficient protein
extraction from processed food using high molar urea and thiourea buffers. Together, we present
here the specific and sensitive detection of horse and pork meat in different processed food
matrices using MRM-based detection of marker peptides. Notably, prefractionation of proteins
using 2D-PAGE or off-gel fractionation is not necessary. The presented method is therefore
easily applicable in analytical routine laboratories without dedicated proteomics background.
Authentication of Milk Powder using Raman
Scattering Spectroscopy and Imaging

Published by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, St. Joseph,
Michigan www.asabe.org

Citation: Paper number 131591839, 2013 Kansas City, Missouri, July 21 - July 24, 2013. (doi:
http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20131591839) @2013
Authors: Jianwei Qin, Kuanglin Chao, Moon S Kim, Yu-Che Cheng
Keywords: Raman scattering; Spectroscopy; Imaging; Milk; Adulterant.

Abstract. This study investigates the potential of Raman scattering spectroscopy and imaging for
detecting adulterants in milk powder. Potential chemical adulterants, including ammonium
sulfate, dicyandiamide, melamine, and urea, were mixed into the skim milk powder in the
concentration range of 0.15.0%. A Raman imaging system with a 785-nm laser was used to
acquire hyperspectral images in the wavenumber range of 1022538 cm1 for a 2525
mm2 area of each mixture. The hyperspectral Raman images were analyzed using two different
methods. One method was based on self-modeling mixture analysis (SMA). SMA was used to
extract pure component spectra, by which the four types of the adulterants were identified at all
concentration levels based on their spectral information divergence values to the reference
spectra. The other method was based on single-band images at unique Raman peaks of the
adulterants. A polynomial curve-fitting method was used to correct for the fluorescence
background in the Raman images. The adulterant type was determined using the unique Raman
peaks of the adulterants. The contribution images from SMA and the single-band corrected
images were used to generate the binary images of the individual adulterants. Raman chemical
images were created to visualize identification and distribution of the multiple adulterant
particles in the milk powder. The method based on single-band Raman images is simpler than the
SMA method, and it is promising to be used in a future high-throughput inspection system for
rapid and accurate authentication of milk powder and other powdered food and food ingredients.

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